... gets the benefits of both the main effect of D andthe main effect of E—then the interaction of D and E is monotone If, however, Sam gets the main effects of both plus an extra benefit, then the ... excellent, or better than any ofthe alternatives If our theory andthe theories of SAE are theories of different epistemological categories, one might wonder whether they can conflict Perhaps by ... the world 18 Epistemology andthe Psychology ofHuman Judgment The second component of a healthy epistemological tradition is theory We take theory and application to be mutually informing and...
... sense of self, and about thenatureofthehuman mind It targets the complex, conflicted, and remarkably ill-understood relationship between biology, nature, culture, and technology More a work of ... biological brain and nonbiological circuitry This book is the story of that transition andof its roots in some ofthe most basic and characteristic facts about humannature For human beings, I ... ofthe key environments in which this work formed and developed These include the School of Cognitive and Computing Sciences (and especially the Interact Lab) at the University of Sussex, UK; the...
... expression ofthenatureof humanness (or of primateness, if you think of chimpanzees and gorillas as bipeds)? To understand how human languages are (and are not) related to other forms of communication ... always to the here and now the attitude or the internal state ofthe animal doing the signaling Even rather rich systems devised and used by humans share this limitation, to the degree that they are ... animals and what they not do, what they can and what they cannot Is it true that they really can learn all of what seem to be the essential structural properties of a human language? Most of these?...
... levels of risk to SLE There is an approximately twofold increase in the level of risk between carriers ofthe highest and lowest risk haplotypes Second, candidate genes from a region of LD can ... critical, as the region of LD surrounding the associated SNP often contains more than one gene (although often there is one likely candidate gene from the known biology) A region of LD includes ... insertion/deletion variant of exon 6, and a variant in a conserved poly(A)+ signal sequence that alters the length ofthe 3’ untranslated region and stability of IRF5 mRNAs [30] Haplotypes of these three variants...
... ruler andthe father observe thenatureofthe minister andthe son If their nature is good, the ruler andthe father will nurture and guide them, keeping them far away from the bad If their nature ... three grades ofhumannature Han thinkers developed the theory ofthe three grades ofhumannature to explain the difference ofhuman beings The term “three grades ofhumannature is often ascribed ... views ofhumannature as their theoretical resources; on the other hand, they sought to go beyond them, as some of them were believed to be responsible for the upheaval of 50 Evidence shows that the...
... zero even at the 95% level in Canada, Finland, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland, the UK andthe US Moreover, while in some countries, (including Finland, the UK andthe US) residential ... confidence bands in all graphs Given the large 16 To identify the monetary policy shock it is sufficient to determine the position ofthe monetary policy instrument; the ordering ofthe variables in the ... also for these countries the existence of cointegration could not be rejected We therefore specify the VAR models in the level ofthe variables Nevertheless, we neither impose the number of cointegrating...
... example, the administration and management of policy, the delivery of services, the development, analysis and evaluation of policy, the involvement of political and democratic processes and interacting ... employment and our experience of work, andthe operation ofthe modern state The advent ofthe internet has generated new and heightened interest in the governmental operations ofthe state, ... unlock and enter their home, and finds s/he has lost their key The locked door now disrupts the intention ofthe home owner It is not sufficient for the home owner to want to get in, the action of the...
... support for the expectations theory ofthe term structure (see references in Cook and Hahn (1989)) The standard test ofthe expectations theory in these papers is to regress the change in the 3-month ... downward The greater the proportion ofthe variance ofthe yield curve slope due to the expected term premium andthe less due to the expected change in the 3-month rate, the greater will be the downward ... conventional tests ofthe expectations theory ofthe term structure that are discussed briefly V.l The Founding ofthe Fed The Federal Reserve radically altered the character of short-term rate...
... ING Barings is also the fifty per cent owner ofthe Netherlands Post With the Postbank andthe Netherlands Post under the same ownership, the two institutions can again tap the synergies possible ... Savings andthe Provision of Financial Services widely seen as part ofthe agenda of Germany’s commercial banks to force the privatization and then take over the Landesbanks Even though the Sparkassen ... corporation, and several to privatized systems Europe has had the most occurrences of privatization of postal operations, andthe entire systems ofthe Netherlands and Germany have been privatized The...
... ignoring the differing responsesof constrained and unconstrained banks potentially can affect the size ofthe impact of monetary policy on the economy andthe ability to find evidence of an operational ... debt financing The greater the cost of external debt financing andthe greater the volatility in the supply of demand deposits, the greater the demand for securities as an inventory of liquidity ... data, andthe 1986:IV and 1987:I observations because ofthe effects on the timing of investment and loans associated with the Tax Reform Act of 1986 For the entire unconstrained bank sample, the...
... CALCULATIONS OF INDICATORS ANDOF A COMPOSITE INDEX FOR THE NETHERLANDS Climate Change Depletion ofthe Ozone Layer Acidification ofthe Environment Eutrophication ofthe Environment Dispersion of Toxic ... environmental issue on the basis ofthe gap between the current value ofthe indicator andthe long-term policy target for sustainability: the greater the gap, the larger the weight assigned Figure ... indicator tracks the magnitude and rate of change ofthe atmospheric reservoir ofthe most abundant ozone-depleting substances Because ofthe long lifetimes of these chemicals andthe quantities...
... procyclical in its operations. Essentially this is because the value of available collateral reflects three components; the market value ofthe collateral, the haircut imposed on the borrower andthe velocity of turnover (rehypothecation )of the ... This is not to deny successful efforts by a number of countries, including China, to expand markets in other EME’s. Of course this still leaves the broader question ofthe robustness ofthe totality of those markets in the event of a serious downturn in the AME’s. ... than the underlying loan itself. Now many of these deals need to be restructured, but low policy rates have raised the cost of breaking the swap to prohibitive levels. This is another example of how low policy rates can impede the purging of malinvestments in the downswing ofthe credit cycle. ...
... Prasad (1997) studied the effect of an appreciation Orphanides and Wieland (1998) provided a first study ofthe effect ofthe zero bound on the distributions of output and inflation in the U.S economy ... rate of 3%, the zero bound represents a constraint for monetary policy for about 10% ofthe time It becomes substantially more 12 The derivation of this covariance matrix andthenatureofthe ... indicate the upward bias in the standard deviation of output and inflation as a function ofthe equilibrium nominal interest rate For example, for an i∗ of 1% the standard deviation ofthe output...
... for loans The market rate increases as the PBC raises the RRR, which means the higher the RRR, the less the funding available from the banks andthe higher the demand for funding in the nonregulated ... He and Honglin Wang Dual-track Interest Rates andthe Conduct of Monetary Policy in China All opinions expressed are those ofthe authors and not necessarily reflect the views ofthe Bank of ... has no impact on the market rate The market rate increases as the PBC raises the RRR and issues more bills The impact ofthe credit quota on the market rate is ambiguous The proof of Result 2.3...
... andthe questioning ofthe long-term viability ofthe Eurozone as the prospect of a breakup ofthe euro is increasingly viewed as possible.” While the potential fiscal and political causes ofthe ... Finland, France, the Netherlands, the Czech Republic, andthe UK are explored in more detail It should be noted that due to the concerns about the accuracy ofthe HP filter towards the end of ... policy stress in the euro area declined gradually in the first two years ofthe ECB operation and hovered around 2% over the rest ofthe observation period The pattern in the early years of the...
... key issues of domestic policy; in the second case, the factors determining the ratio ofthe value ofthe goods and services foregone by the two countries because ofthe disruption to their respective ... understand them better Since the fall of Communism in Eastern Europe, the sources of security threats, the composition and cohesion of alliances, andthe shape of regional orders have been in flux The ... under the rubric of instrumental relevance But an appreciation ofthe range ofthe possible andthe consequences of various policies also requires a grasp ofthe circumstances under which the policy...
... resistance and improvement and coordination of patient information systems Development of staffing norms and standards for the delivery of antiretroviral therapy and assessment ofhuman resource ... However, these resources were insufficient despite the efforts ofthe South African Government andthe initiation of PEPFAR after the announcement ofthe comprehensive plan Less than half ofthe people ... the quality of life of those years gained The above estimate of life years lost does not take into account the value of those life years to society Given that the costs of treating and also of...
... through the inhibition of APCs or pathogenic T cells, by maintenance ofthe TR cell population and/ or by enhancement of their function (reviewed in [54]) Elucidation ofthe mechanism of TR cell ... role and expression patterns of FOXP3 in human cells Some ofthe early indications, both published and unpublished, have shown FOXP3 expression in human CD25+CD4+ T cells ([36], H Yagi and S ... The overt immunological similarities seen with genetic defects of Foxp3 andthe experimental depletion of CD25+CD4+ TR cells led several groups to investigate the potential role of Foxp3 in the...