... in the agencies inSoutheast Asia? What are the ethical underpinnings of public agencies inSoutheast Asia? Why are intergovernmental relations an essential issue inSoutheast Asia? What are the ... identification and explanation without intent to infringe Library of Congress Cataloging -in- Publication Data Public administration inSoutheastAsia : Thailand, Philippines, Malaysia, Hong Kong and Macao ... Administration inSoutheast Asia: An Overview ◾ 17 numerous examples where, despite these problems, progress is being made, including increased auditing, stepping up anti-corruption activity in...
... sentences of three to ten days in jail No action was taken against the management A court case against PT Torganda in Bangkinang, Riau for illegal burning in 1999 was dismissed.82 In 2000, the Indonesian ... company will begin constructing roads, setting up a nursery and removing any standing vegetation, including tropical rainforest, which generally brings about a dramatic loss in local biodiversity ... making powers in 2001 Private sector interest in expanding the plantation sector remains at least as strong as it was prior to the Asian financial crisis In a letter dated 22 May 2000, the Indonesian...
... buyers into believing that they were purchasing a simple savings plan, when in fact they were being sold a hybrid of savings and insurance In other cases, clients were insufficiently informed ... of income to support the non-working elderly In some cases the reinvestment will be in real property for rental, or in the businesses or education of family members in exchange for future income ... strongly believe that investments in people are of paramount importance in identifying and managing risk Trying to “revolutionise” 234 Christoph Freytag microfinance through credit scoring is an attempt...
... of saving is through small investments in land, housing, livestock, working tools, small business, etc A key motive for saving through in- kind investment rather than saving in cash lies in the ... discounting and selling the rice paddy as in Cambodia, or the cow in Kenya, or the gold in Ghana The strategy of retaining risk can often lead to much suffering within the household Finally, ... retirement or in old age Those who can accumulate a lump sum invest in long-term businesses such as starting schools or renting houses in the towns and cities Save cash in banks: Saving in banks is...
... mainly for MFIs in the top tier” of the microfinance pyramid In 2004 such innovative financings appeared for the first time in the international capital market and since then more leading MFIs have ... targeted at well-informed, more risktolerant investors.10 To increase investor confidence in the quality of the pool, the originator – the best informed investor – often retains the first loss ... for investors in microinsurance, some of which are suggested in Table Key Market Access Points – Efficiency Is the Key Microfinance Providers Organisations conducting financial transactions in...
... specialised in MFI evaluation and rating, such as MicroRate Inc based in Washington D.C., Planet Rating SAS in Paris, Microfinanza Rating srl in Milan or M-Cril in Gurgaon, India 43 Elizabeth Littlefield ... Potential investors interested in microfinance assets can obtain information and learn from this experience Securitisation: A Funding Alternative for Microfinance Institutions 335 The originator, ... Holding AG in Frankfurt whose operations commenced in October 2001 This originator initially raised EUR 47.8 million in long-term funding, securitising an Euro-denominated portfolio consisting...
... without crowding out private investors’ interest, but rather “crowding it in. ” Mobilising additional capital for the 150 to 300 financially CGAP Focus Note No 25 Foreign Investment in Microfinance ... originator who creates access to capital markets.17 Securitisation began in developed markets, but it has gained ground in emerging markets, most recently in the microfinance industry In Asia, ... agencies19 and initial forays of mainstream rating agencies into rating MFIs Even rated MFIs are perceived as inferior risks compared to financial institutions in the US and the EU, mainly because...
... financial intermediation while maintaining and improving financial sector stability In developing and transition countries, microfinance – targeting small and very small entrepreneurs – is often ... origination and monitoring MFIs and banks that securitise their assets invest in up-to-date data processing and warehousing and in very efficient loan processing They invest in their staff and internal ... participating MFIs to extend new long-term loans and refinance themselves matching these maturities thus strengthening the refinancing basis of the MFI in a sustainable way In preparing the project...
... Teicoplanin Vancomycin Rifampicin Erythromycin Fosfomycin Clindamycin Ofloxacin Ciprofloxacin Amikacin Gentamicin Tobramycin Meropenem Imipenem Cefepim Ceftazidim Cefotaxim Cefuroxim Oxacillin Cefalotin ... Antiinfective therapy Our intial choice of anti-infective therapy was a combination of a potent quinolone combined with clindamycin This strategy is commonly followed in our facility for infection ... anti-infective therapy immediately upon arrival using a combination of quinolones and clindamycin Anti-infective management was immediately adopted according to incoming results from microbiology and resistance...
... Social Indicators Environmental and Natural Resource Indicators inSoutheastAsia 11 Livestock Production inSoutheastAsia 12 Freshwater Resources inSoutheastAsia ... Projections of Surface Warming Southeast Asian Countries Poverty Estimates inSoutheastAsia 10 Consumption Trend and Intensity of Fertilizer Use inSoutheastAsia 12 Regional ... awareness-raising campaigns, and infectious disease control programs • Infrastructure Introduce “climate proofing” in transport-related investments and infrastructure, starting with public buildings Southeast...
... M ưa lơn bao gây đổ vao Manila, Philippines tư thang ( AFP) ̃ ̀ ́ Tư đâu thang 10, dân Quang Binh, Viêt Nam đã phai lo chay lut (AFP) ̀ ́ ̉ ̀ ̣ ̉ ̣ ̣ Na y, lũ lut ... để ưng phó vơi nươc xe cộ không chay Ayutthaya (GettyImages) ̣ ́ ́ ̣ Sin h hoat vân tiêp tuc Trẻ em Quezon, Philippines hoc mưa (Reuters) ̣ ̃ ́ ̣ ̣ Đây là đơt lũ lut tệ nhât nhiêu thâp ... Giang, vung đông băng sông Cưu Long (Reuters) ̣ ̀ ́ ́ ̣ ̀ ̀ Tạ i Campuchia, nươc lut ngăn trơ sinh hoat cua nhiêu vung dân cư ta phai tim cach xoay xơ vi ̀ không thể di d đươc (Reuters) ̣ ̣...
... of institutions for attending to both, forms the theoretical rigour underpinning much within SIN Indeed, NIE’s influence is strewn all throughout SIN’s socialengineering efforts, most evident in ... IFC International Finance Corporation IFI International Financial Institution IMF International Monetary Fund INT Department of Institutional Integrity IPO Initial Public Offering I-PRSP Interim ... post-Washington Consensus and Politics inSoutheastAsia 1 Contending Understandings of the New Development Agenda 18 SIN Rising 38 Getting the ‘New Basics’ Right: the Prescriptive Themes of SIN and...
... cooperation inSoutheast Asian history Chapter explores the shipping industry-piracy nexus inSoutheastAsia This chapter reviews the shipping industry and piracy in colonial Southeast Asia, examines ... THE SHIPPING INDUSTRY AND PIRACY INSOUTHEASTASIA 64 Chapter Preview 64 Part I Shipping Industry and Piracy in Colonial SoutheastAsia 65 The Shipping Industry in the Colonial ... of Foreign Sea Powers inSoutheast Asia" in Piracy, Maritime Terrorism and Securing Maritime Southeast Asia, ed Graham Gerald Ong-Webbs (Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, 2006)...
... Analysis of Air Hubs inSoutheastAsia CHAPTER THREE: AIR HUB COMPETITION AND DEVELOPMENT INSOUTHEASTASIA 45 3.1 Introduction 45 3.2 The Nature of Air Hub Competition inSoutheastAsia 49 3.3 The ... Example of Hubbing by Foreign Airlines 99 5.8a Route Intensity of Selected Destinations 99 5.8b Change in Route Intensity of Selected Destinations 101 5.9a A Comparison of the Main Hub Carriers ... within and between several political units have promoted internal air links” (Robinson & Bamford, 1978: 193) SoutheastAsia s airline industry has come a long way since the 1940s when fledgling...
... imaginings can and precede indigenous ones This is true for SoutheastAsia The region initially did not think of itself as SoutheastAsia with the current ten states In fact, "Southeast Asia" ... Malaysia-Indonesia-Philippines (Maphilindo) grouping, in hopes of providing further regional stability by means of interstate cooperation SoutheastAsia can be divided into sub-regions, the mainland ... Engagement inSoutheastAsia The works on the history of American involvement inSoutheastAsia are voluminous, but because of the great impact of events in Vietnam, the Philippines and Indonesia...
... fighting are fighting vaguely for an ideology, but in many cases, especially inSoutheast Asia, ideology shares space with other factors in political thinking Southeast Asian politics are often ... members got involved in defacing property and brawling in the streets with 19 other parties’ members When not involved in political activities, the NIS members often involved themselves in petty ... security Furthermore, politicking in the Philippines and Thailand show us that v elections in newer Southeast Asian democracies need not be violent; in fact, politicking in Indonesia should become...
... City in Early Modern SoutheastAsia The issue of sources Writings on Southeast Asian cities: Defining the city Methodology: Urban type, hierarchy and structure Colonialism, War and Southeast Asian ... occurring in the greater world of island SoutheastAsia The nature of changes in the urban structure and function, and in the society that the city housed in its form in early modern SoutheastAsia ... fabric necessary in this study is hindered by the same issues that have affected the studying of any aspect of pre-modern insular SoutheastAsia – namely, the sources Southeast Asian indigenous historiography...
... evolving Although a few specific recombination events have been described so far in tomato-infecting begomoviruses [2629], a full accounting of recombinants, recombination breakpoints and recombination ... recombination analysis methods to characterize recombination in South and Southeast Asian tomato-infecting begomoviruses We map recombination hotspots and provide evidence that not all tomato-infecting ... detected as recombinants in the breakpoint analysis exhibited deviations in their branching order indicating that they were most likely correctly identified as recombinants In addition, the TreeOrderScan...