... Gymnemic acids inhibit rabbit glycer-
aldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and induce a
smearing of its electrophoretic band and dephosphoryla-
tion. FEBS Lett 579, 4333–4336.
Interaction of gymnemic acid ... average diameter of
unbound GA is > 30 nm and that of GA and c-CD complex is 2.2 nm,
similar to unbound c-CD, supporting the aggregate property of GA and
the inclusion complexation of GA by c-CD.
Abbreviations
CD, ... presence of
2.0 m
M a-CD, b-CD, and c-CD. (B) The concentration dependence
of c-CD on NMR spectra of 2.0 m
M GA. The ratios of c-CD to GA
are indicated.
Y. Izutani et al. Interaction of gymnemic acid...
... Dental Sciences and Surgery, University of Bari, Bari, Italy.
Correspondence to: Prof. F.R. GRASSI, Professor and Dean, Department of Dental Sciences and Surgery - University of
Bari, P.zza ... Hyaluronic Acidand Autologous Bone in the Surgical Correction of
the Infra-Bone Defects
Andrea BALLINI, Stefania CANTORE, Saverio CAPODIFERRO and Felice Roberto GRASSI
Department of Dental ... grafting, 4 males and
5 females, all non smokers, with a mean age of 43,8
years for females, 40,0 years for males and 42 years for
all the group, in good health and with a mean depth
of the infra-bone...
... findings of none
detectable. The authors also reported 101 ( 38 and 22.1 ( 15.2
µg β-carotene/g FW in extracted samples of aril and mesocarp,
respectively, and 16 and 9 µg/g of zeaxanthin and 35 and ... identification of major carotenoids, includes carotenoid
profiles, measuring both trans- and cis-isomers of lycopene and
β-carotene. We also provide a detailed fatty acid analysis of
gac seed and aril, ... linoleic and R-linoleic acids.
The aril also contains a significant, but varying, amount of
stearic acidand small amounts of cis-vaccenic, myristic, eicosa-
11-enoic, arachidic, and palmitoleic acids.
Our...
... producing
transformant and was used for the purification of GALA.
Growth of this transformant and subsequent purification of
the enzyme were performed as described in Materials and
methods. Purity of the preparation ... to facilitate purification
of GALA. The enzyme has a molecular mass of 48.5 kDa
and a pH optimum between 4 and 4.5. Incubations of ara-
binogalactans of potato, onion and soy with GALA resulted
initially ... Maldi-TOF MS analysis of the hydrolysis of arabinogalactans by GALA. Three different arabinogalactans were used: potato (A), onion (B),
and soy (C). Spectra were taken after 15 min (1) and 2 h (2) of...
... protection of enzymes and membranes from the
detergent effects of excess fatty acids by sequestering
them, and (d) modulation of cell growth and differenti-
ation by transport of fatty acids to the nucleus ... uptake of fatty
acids across the plasma membrane and transport to
various subcellular organelles, (b) modulation of the
activity of enzymes involved in fatty acid metabolism,
(c) protection of enzymes ... consists of four exons of
112, 174, 89 and 141 bp, coding for 22, 59, 30 and 20
amino acids, respectively. The intron ⁄ exon structure of
the fabp6 gene from zebrafish is consistent with that of
all...
... alternative route for
the production of UDP-glucuronic acid via
myoinositol has also been identified and
characterized.
Synthesis of UDP-glucuronic acidand UDP-xylose T. Oka and Y. Jigami
2646 FEBS Journal ... amounts of the nucleotide sugars, and also
discuss the implications of our results in yeast for the
study of metabolic regulation in plants.
Results
Cloning and expression of AtUGD1 and AtUXS3
genes ... inhibition constant (K
i
)of
AtUGD1. Inhibition by UDP-GlcA and UDP-Xyl was
measured with various concentrations of UDP-Glc and
saturating levels of NAD
+
. Double-reciprocal plots of
the data revealed...
... ratio of
native dimers to monomers, and the loss of H-bonding
involving the strands b
I
of bLG [47], could be promoted in
both situations. A CD spectrum assigned to distortions of
b-strands showed ... chirality of the environ-
ments of the side-chains of aromatic residues (Trp, Tyr and
Phe) and disulfide bonds [49]. The two deep peaks found at
286 and 293 nm arise from Trp residues. In the case of ... means of a curve obtained using appro-
priate fluorescence standards together with the standard
provided with the instrument. The quantum yields of
NATA and bLG were determined relative to that of...
... De-O-acylation of lipid A
fractionsledtodecayofspeciesZandYandresultedin
increase of signals corresponding to ions of species X
(data not shown). The total decrease of mass due to de-O-
acylation of phosphorylated ... protons and protons from a, b and c positions of 3-hydroxy fatty acids are marked with;
-CH ¼ CH-, -CH
3
,and- CH
2
-, a, b and c, respectively. CHCl
3
,DMSOandH
2
O represent signals from solvents and ... 2,3-diamino-2,3-dideoxyglucose
(DAG) and a complex set of fatty acids (both ester and
amide bound), as described previously [24], but also
galacturonic acidand phosphate residues. The presence of
GalA was unequivocally...
... Mendez, Cristina Paz and Ernesto J. Podesta
´
Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires
Although the role of arachidonic acid (AA) in the regulation
of steroidogenesis ... of recombinant
CTE-I as antigen dissolved in 0.5 mL of distilled water and
mixed with equal volumes of Freund’s complete adjuvant,
andthreetimeswith500lg of antigen mixed with equal
volumes of ... reports have shown that arachidonic acid (AA)
and its metabolites play an essential role in the regulation of
steroidogenesis and both the expression and function of
StAR [17–26]. Adrenal cholesterol...
... independent regulation of
these two genes andof the accumulation of bryonolic acid
and phytosterols. It is noteworthy that the changes in their
mRNA levels correlated with the accumulation of the
respective ... cycle. These results suggest independent regulation
of these two genes andof the accumulation of bryonolic acid
and phytosterols.
Keywords: bryonolic acid biosynthesis; isomultiflorenol
synthase; Luffa ... growth, accumulation of bryonolic acidand total sterol, and
mRNA levels of isomultiflorenol synthase and cycloartenol
synthase in the cultured Luffa cells. Although...
... to OPDA and JA synthesis [34]. By
contrast, fractions of the unsaturated membrane fatty
acid a-linolenic acidand a-linoleic acid are converted
randomly and nonenzymatically to a variety of prod-
ucts ... variety of abiotic and biotic cues.
To deter feeding insects, nematodes and fungal and bacterial pathogens,
plants have evolved a plethora of defence strategies. A central player in
many of these ... transition and the release
of cytochrome c in animal cells [112]. In A549 human
lung adenocancer cells, Me-JA operates through the
induction of proapoptotic genes of the BCl-2, Bax and
Bcl-X families and...
... to 30% of the initial rate of UBHY-R,
whereas the rates of synthesis of DNA and RNA were
70% and 60% of the initial values, respectively. These
data suggest that the primary effect of eIF5A ... sites of
p414GAL1 and the NdeI–BamHI sites of pET11a. The
entire ORF of the site-mutated and truncated eIF5A was
sequenced for confirmation of the intended mutation or
truncation.
Determination of ... mm
NAD, 25 lg of BSA, 3 lCi of [
3
H]spermidine, 0.1 lgof
DHS and 1.0 lg of DOHH and clarified BL21(DE3) lysates
containing heIF5As (2–5 lg). After incubation for 2 h at
37 °C, an aliquot of the reaction...
... on
oxygenation of liganded human hemoglobin
Oxygen affinities of the a and b subunits
Sergei V. Lepeshkevich and Boris M. Dzhagarov
Institute of Molecular and Atomic Physics, National Academy of Sciences of ... different effects of pH and NaCl on individual O
2
-binding properties
of a and b subunits within liganded tetramer and dimer of human hemo-
globin (HbA) were examined in a number of laser time-resolved ... in the absence of NaCl (a) and at a NaCl
concentration of 0.5
M (b), and 2.0 M (c). Insets shows residuals (a)
(b), and (c) from the double exponential fits of the curve (a) (b), and
(c), respectively....
... an
extracellular loop of the Ntcp and could represent the
sodium ion sensor of sodium- coupled taurocholate trans-
port via Ntcp. In order to find out whether and to what
extent this amino acid affects sodium ... circulation of bile acids and therefore also
participate in the homoeostatis of cholesterol. Members of
SBATs are located either in apical membranes of ileum
enterocytes, kidney tubule cells and bile ... Site-directed mutagenesis of Ntcp (Eur. J. Biochem. 270) 1121
Transport of taurocholate by mutants of negatively charged amino
acids, cysteines, and threonines of the rat liver sodium- dependent
taurocholate...