the various measures of cost
Principles of Microeconomics 2013
... opportunity cost of going to a movie is a the price of the ticket b the price of the ticket plus the cost of any soda and popcorn you buy at the theater c the total cash expenditure needed to go to the ... seats, the cost of adding one more passenger is tiny The average cost of flying a passenger is $500, but the marginal cost is merely the cost of the bag of peanuts and can of soda that the extra ... point A, the opportunity cost of 100 cars is 200 computers Put another way, the opportunity cost of each car is two computers Notice that the opportunity cost of a car equals the slope of the production...
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The Political Economy of Taxation pptx
... regimes the level of redistributive spending should be minimal The third tenet of the formal voting theory emphasizes the importance of the form of the voting game’ On the contrary, there are ... increases The ultimate level of taxes becomes smaller than the cost of repression On the contrary, when the redistributive demands of the worse-off citizens on the rich are particularly intense, the ... in the analysis of tax level and tax design They may interact with the main macroeconomic variables, such as the level of GDP per worker, the openness of the economy, the level of debt and the...
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9 tax incidence and the efficiency cost of taxation
... Outline The Economics of Taxation • The role of taxation • The main types of taxation Outline The Economics of Taxation • The role of taxation • The main types of taxation The Efficiency Cost of ... Marginal cost of public funds Outline The Economics of Taxation • The role of taxation • The main types of taxation The Efficiency Cost of Taxation • Marginal excess burden • Marginal cost of public ... capitalisation Outline The Economics of Taxation • The role of taxation • The main types of taxation The Efficiency Cost of Taxation • Marginal excess burden • Marginal cost of public funds Tax...
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The UN Model Double Taxation Convention in the context of Financing for Sustainable Development
... both in the host country of the Why countries need Double Tax Treaties? investment and in the residence country of the investor), by allocating taxing rights over this income between the two ... Objectives of the 2011 Update • Take into account recent developments in the area of international tax policies of both developing and developed countries • Seek further consistency with the OECD ... the priorities of developing countries • Further clarify and improve the operation of provisions aimed to prevent double taxation over income from cross-border investments Main features of the...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: TEC family kinases in health and disease – loss-of-function of BTK and ITK and the gain-of-function fusions ITK–SYK and BTK–SYK pptx
... onethird of all mutations in the BTK gene are missense and some of these reduce the stability of the protein This is exemplified by mutations in the BTK motif of the Tec homology (TH) domain [18] ... identify individuals with mild disease, thereby providing the missing data The phenotype of XLA and the potential of BTK and ITK inhibitors The outcome of defective BTK signaling in humans has ... the expression of ITK is extremely low and often undetectable in immunoblot analysis The activation of CD4+ cells, however, dramatically induces transcription of the ITK gene and is key for the...
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Tài liệu The Social Benefits and Economic Costs of Taxation doc
... indication of the lack of economic freedom in the compilation of the index, the average score of the Nordic countries on the overall economic freedom index is only slightly higher than that of the Anglo-American ... geography or other characteristics beyond the control of the country’s government, by the method used to aggregate individual indicators, by the comparability of the data, and by the purpose of the evaluation ... equal society bears fewer of the costs of social stratification such as increased health costs, crime control costs, and the cost of inner city decay The above review of social indicators suggests...
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The Effects of Taxation on Multinational Corporations pdf
... outside the home countries At the same time, the share of manufacturing in most of the world’s economies is declining, and that of services is increasing The net result of these two forces, and of the ... thirty days of the transmittal of the manuscript, the report may be published If at the end of that period any member of the manuscript committee withholds his approval, the President shall then notify ... Relation of the Directors to the Work and Publications of the National Bureau of Economic Research The object of the National Bureau of Economic Research is to ascertain and to present to the public...
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Báo cáo Y học: Loss-of-function variants of the human melanocortin-1 receptor gene in melanoma cells define structural determinants of receptor function doc
... shift of the displacement curve and by the lower amount of radioactivity bound in the absence of competitor (in spite of the lack of statistically significant differences in the number of binding ... to the responsive HBL cells The lack of functional coupling of these cell lines, particularly of DOR cells homozygous for the wild-type MC1R, is therefore perplexing and will be the subject of ... receptors The electrophoretic mobility of molecular weight markers is shown on the left, and the molecular weight of the specific bands is shown on the right (expressed in kDa) The specificity of the...
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Báo cáo khoa học: Loss of sense transgene-induced post-transcriptional gene silencing by sequential introduction of the same transgene sequences in tobacco pot
... controlled by the methylation-free promoter One of the common features of these plants free from S-PTGS is the attenuated expression of the transgene, and therefore the threshold theory has been ... analysis of the transgene sequence (A) Degree of cytosine methylation at the END1 region of the El2 promoter (B) Degree of cytosine methylation at the END2 region of the El2 promoter (C) Degree of cytosine ... with the generation of transgene siRNAs and, also, DNA methylation in the transgene locus [16,17] These results imply the existence of a threshold concentration of transcripts for the onset of...
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Báo cáo khoa học: Sulfated polysaccharides inhibit the catabolism and loss of both large and small proteoglycans in explant cultures of tendon doc
... it is therefore likely that the outcome of the inhibition of aggrecanase activity in tendon is the retention of large proteoglycans within the extracellular matrix of the tissue [22–27] The mechanism ... inclusion of these sulfated agents there was significant inhibition (40%) of rate of loss of 35S-labeled large proteoglycans from the matrix by the end of the culture period Similarly, by day 10 of culture, ... appearing in the medium was suppressed by the inclusion of the sulfated polysaccharides At the end of the culture period, both CaPPS and heparin reduced the appearance of [35S]sulfate in the culture...
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The Economics of Taxation ppt
... firms; the profits of other firms are taxed as part of the personal income of their owners The computation of the corporate income tax liability of a firm follows a number of rules that concern the ... of congestion on road R equals the sum of the toll and the cost of congestion on road R1 In equilibrium, the cost of the toll on R1 is balanced by the higher cost of congestion on road R A second ... reduces the value of land one for one, since the supply of land is assumed to be inelastic Therefore the agents who own land when the tax is announced bear the whole burden of the tax On the other...
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Báo cáo hóa học: " Prevalence of the GJB2 IVS1+1G A mutation in Chinese hearing loss patients with monoallelic pathogenic mutation in the coding region of GJB2" pot
... mutation in the GJB2 gene with either recessive or unclear pathogenicity, despite direct sequencing of the entire coding region of the gene [12-14] The ratio of a 309-kb deletion involving the GJB6 ... only one allele of the coding region of the GJB2 gene [41] It is also lower than the value of 4.6% among Brazilian patients with one pathogenic GJB2 mutation [42] The percentage of the IVS1+1G>A ... pathogenic mutation in the GJB2 gene may have another as yet unidentified pathogenic mutation in the promoter region or other noncoding regions of GJB2 To evaluate the impact of the IVS1+1G>A splice-site...
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Báo cáo sinh học: " Relationship between the loss of neutralizing antibody binding and fusion activity of the F protein of human respiratory syncytial virus" doc
... better understand the mechanism of action of HRSV neutralizing antibodies and the impact of resistance to these antibodies upon the fusion activity of the F protein A summary of these results is ... high degree of conservation, it was somewhat surprising that the functional analysis of the fusion activity of the panel of mutations described here revealed that the fusion activity of the F protein ... mutagenesis of the HRSV F protein AD and RS participated in the design, oversight of the conduct of the experiments, and interpretation of the results All authors have read and approved the final...
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Báo cáo sinh học: " Progressive loss of CD3 expression after HTLV-I infection results from chromatin remodeling affecting all the CD3 genes and persists despite early viral genes silencing" pot
... altogether, these data indicate the existence of a mechanism for the global control of the 11q23 CD3 genes cluster that is likely to be critical in modulating the expression of these genes during the ... paves the way for malignant transformation[10] Since dysregulation of calcium flux after Tcell activation can be one of the consequences of the lack of TCR/CD3 expression[11] the loss of TCR/CD3 ... This demonstrates that the loss of CD3γ is not due to a defect in factors binding to the CD3γ promoter region and rather suggests a lack of accessibility of these factors to the promoter regions...
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Báo cáo sinh học: "Molecular and cellular correlates of the CIITA-mediated inhibition of HTLV-2 Tax-2 transactivator function resulting in loss of viral replication" pot
... distribution of Tax-2 molecules was analyzed in the presence and in the absence of CIITA In the absence of CIITA, Tax-2 localizes both and in the cytoplasm and in the nucleus of 293T cells often with ... region of CIITA Furthermore, these results strongly suggest that interaction between the N-terminal, but not the C-terminal, part of CIITA, and Tax-2 is responsible of the biological effect of CIITA ... most likely in the CIITA-NF-YB molecular complex, is at the basis of the functional inactivation of Tax-2 leading to the inhibition of HTLV-2 retrovirus replication Further studies of subcellular...
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báo cáo hóa học: " Effects of furosemide on the hearing loss induced by impulse noise" potx
... assess the optimal combination of amplifiers, loud speakers, number of firings (each click of the mouse of the computer provided a single firing), their sound intensity and the mode of their delivery ... day, when anesthesia had worn off, a single injection of 100 mg/kg of furosemide was administered intraperiteoneally (IP) to the mice of the experimental group and the mice of the control group ... section The diaphragm of the speaker was 16 cm above the floor of the mice enclosure, so that the net volume of the exposure chamber was 9920 cm Mice in one group (n = 10) received a single of injection...
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Báo cáo hóa học: " Relationship between the loss of neutralizing antibody binding and fusion activity of the F protein of human respiratory syncytial virus" doc
... better understand the mechanism of action of HRSV neutralizing antibodies and the impact of resistance to these antibodies upon the fusion activity of the F protein A summary of these results is ... high degree of conservation, it was somewhat surprising that the functional analysis of the fusion activity of the panel of mutations described here revealed that the fusion activity of the F protein ... mutagenesis of the HRSV F protein AD and RS participated in the design, oversight of the conduct of the experiments, and interpretation of the results All authors have read and approved the final...
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Báo cáo hóa học: " Progressive loss of CD3 expression after HTLV-I infection results from chromatin remodeling affecting all the CD3 genes and persists despite early viral genes silencing" docx
... altogether, these data indicate the existence of a mechanism for the global control of the 11q23 CD3 genes cluster that is likely to be critical in modulating the expression of these genes during the ... paves the way for malignant transformation[10] Since dysregulation of calcium flux after Tcell activation can be one of the consequences of the lack of TCR/CD3 expression[11] the loss of TCR/CD3 ... This demonstrates that the loss of CD3γ is not due to a defect in factors binding to the CD3γ promoter region and rather suggests a lack of accessibility of these factors to the promoter regions...
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o cáo hóa học:" Molecular and cellular correlates of the CIITA-mediated inhibition of HTLV-2 Tax-2 transactivator function resulting in loss of viral replication" potx
... distribution of Tax-2 molecules was analyzed in the presence and in the absence of CIITA In the absence of CIITA, Tax-2 localizes both and in the cytoplasm and in the nucleus of 293T cells often with ... region of CIITA Furthermore, these results strongly suggest that interaction between the N-terminal, but not the C-terminal, part of CIITA, and Tax-2 is responsible of the biological effect of CIITA ... most likely in the CIITA-NF-YB molecular complex, is at the basis of the functional inactivation of Tax-2 leading to the inhibition of HTLV-2 retrovirus replication Further studies of subcellular...
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Báo cáo khoa học: " Associations between the clinical signs of chronic endometritis with ovarian cysts and body condition loss in German Holstein Friesian cows" docx
... because of the increase in the milk production The importance of a relatively early resumption of cyclicity as a predictor for good reproductive ability has often been emphasized [7,16] Nevertheless, ... In the present study, an association of high milk production with the occurrence of ovarian cysts and the decrease in the body condition was noticed These findings have also been found by other ... with the intrauterine application of antibiotics A better functionality of the endometrium and a reduction in the endotoxin stress caused by the endometritis could be the explanation for the clinical...
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Tìm thêm: hệ việt nam nhật bản và sức hấp dẫn của tiếng nhật tại việt nam xác định các nguyên tắc biên soạn khảo sát chương trình đào tạo gắn với các giáo trình cụ thể xác định thời lượng học về mặt lí thuyết và thực tế điều tra đối với đối tượng giảng viên và đối tượng quản lí điều tra với đối tượng sinh viên học tiếng nhật không chuyên ngữ1 khảo sát thực tế giảng dạy tiếng nhật không chuyên ngữ tại việt nam nội dung cụ thể cho từng kĩ năng ở từng cấp độ phát huy những thành tựu công nghệ mới nhất được áp dụng vào công tác dạy và học ngoại ngữ mở máy động cơ rôto dây quấn các đặc tính của động cơ điện không đồng bộ đặc tuyến hiệu suất h fi p2 đặc tuyến mômen quay m fi p2 đặc tuyến tốc độ rôto n fi p2 đặc tuyến dòng điện stato i1 fi p2 sự cần thiết phải đầu tư xây dựng nhà máy thông tin liên lạc và các dịch vụ phần 3 giới thiệu nguyên liệu chỉ tiêu chất lượng theo chất lượng phẩm chất sản phẩm khô từ gạo của bộ y tế năm 2008 chỉ tiêu chất lượng 9 tr 25