... because the measurement is taken according to the “x-height” ofthe font, a variable number based on the height of a lower case “x” rather than an average of all the letters in the font.56 The ... spacing. 6. The 50% rule: Balance the white space Effective use of white space — the margins and the amount oftext on the page — also affects legibility. At the time ofthe Tinker and Paterson ... fonts in the body ofthetext and sans serif in the headings as a way to contrast the two parts ofthe document and as an alternative to using all capital letters in the headings. All of the samples...
... element ofthe vector usually represents a word (or a group of words) of the document collection, i.e. the size ofthe vector is defined by the number of words (orgroups of words) ofthe complete ... from the number of clusters is the silhouette coefficient SC(P) (cf. [KR90]). The main idea ofthe coef-ficient is to find out the location of a document in the space with respect to the cluster of ... StemmingIn order to reduce the size ofthe dictionary and thus the dimensionality ofthe descrip-tion of documents within the collection, the set of words describing the documents canbe reduced...
... ofthe country could not help seeing the growing power of money, and the injustice caused by it. The second period which last from the middle ofthe 16th century up to the beginning ofthe ... well as in other European countries. There was no work for the peasants and many of them became homeless beggars lust of rich was typical ofthe new class ofthe bourgeoisie. The most progressive ... The public acting of women was prohibited in the England ofShakespeare s time and so writers would often emphasize the femininity of their female characters so as to remove the necessity of...
... ofthe 12th Conference ofthe European Chapter ofthe ACL, pages 139–147,Athens, Greece, 30 March – 3 April 2009.c2009 Association for Computational LinguisticsPredicting the fluency oftext ... between text quality assess-ment ofthe articles and the percentage of fluentsentences according to different models. text, and levels of fluency in the automatically pro-duced text. The distinctions ... and a model in-volve the use of syntax, but even in these cases flu-ency is only indirectly assessed and the main ad-vantage ofthe use of syntax is better estimation of the semantic overlap...
... architecture. In the North and West, meanwhile, under the growing institutions ofthe papacy and ofthe monastic orders and the emergence of a feudal civilization out ofthe chaos ofthe Dark Ages, the ... are gathered some ofthe results of recent investigations and ofthe architectural progress of the last few years which could not readily be introduced into thetextof this edition. The General ... to harmonize in a building the requirements of utility and of beauty. It is the most useful ofthe fine arts and the noblest ofthe useful arts. It touches the life of man at every point. It...
... vector of each word from the centroid of its closest cluster, and to assign the differential vector to the most appropriate other cluster. This process can be repeated until the length ofthe ... a strong negative effect on the results ofthe vector comparisons. Fortunately, the problem of data sparseness can be minimized by reducing the dimensionality ofthe matrix. An appropriate ... vectors, and by assigning these to the most similar other cluster. Hereby for the cosine similarity we set a threshold of 0.8. That is, only if the similarity between the differential vector...
... sample definition and the triples the parser found in it. ABDOMEN 0 1 N THE PART OFTHE BODY BETWEEN THE THORAX AND THE PELVIS (THE) pmod (PART) (ABDOMEN 0 1 N) lm (THE) (ABDOMEN 0 1 N) ... inflected forms analyzed, and other modifications ofthe kind often brought under the rubric of "transformations." The LSP can do this sort of thing very welL The defining words also need ... We extracted the set of intransitive verb definitions, suspecting that these would be the easiest to work with. This is the smallest ofthe four major 219 Semantic Analysis of Definitions...
... comments to the paper. tion requirement. Unfortunately one ofthe cur- rent trends in IE is the progressive reduction of the size of training corpora: e.g., from the 1,000 texts ofthe MUC-5 ... entries in the lexicon. The BL could be seen as the complementary set of the FL with respect to the generic language, i.e. it contains all the words ofthe language that do not belong to the FL. ... mentioned, there are two problems related to the use of generic dictionaries with respect to the IE needs. First there is no clear way of extracting from them the mapping between the FL and the...
... con-trastive summary, the number of fragments of the reference summary which are also in the contrastive summary, in relation to the size of the contrastive summary.DocSim: The number of documents used ... In the rightmost part ofthe figure, peers aredistributed around the set of models, closely sur-rounding them, receiving a high JACK value.4 A Case of StudyIn order to test the behaviour of ... QARLA, for the evaluation of text summarisation systems. The in-put ofthe framework is a set of man-ual (reference) summaries, a set of base-line (automatic) summaries and a set of similarity...
... received the instruction set in the form of a printed document. Both groups' instruction sets had the same text content. The topic ofthe instruction was fundamentals ofthe life cycle of a ... number and location of valves they have in the way air enters the cylinder. Some simple bicycle tire pumps have the inlet valve on the piston and the outlet at the closed end ofthe cylinder. A ... both the treatments was the Life Cycle of a Monarch Butterfly. The content ofthe animation-with -text group was delivered in electronic media in form of animations embedded with text, and the...
... outperform the other trainingcorpora, and that ofthe other four, FAQ is the best-performing corpus. Figure 3 also shows a largedifference in the sizes ofthe starting percentiles: The proportion of ... context (which we will call the ‘buffer’)can be used to predict the next block of charac-ters (the ‘predictive unit’). If the user gets correctsuggestions for continuation ofthetext then the number ... to the size and domain ofthe vocabularies in both datasets and the richness ofthe contexts (in order for the algo-rithm to predict a word, it has to have seen it in the train set).If the...
... determination of actual strengths appears to depend on the interaction ofthe intrinsic strength of a boundary with the strengths of other boundaries in the sentence, as well as the distance between these ... relativized), the parser does not identify the relations ofthe modifier constituent to the elements ofthe core sentence. Hence the relative clause is not attached to any other syntactic node in the ... clearly, consider the rearrangement of this sentence with the adjunct at the beginning: Naturally, the3 : instructed the informants to speak.) The context of speech analysis prefers the former reading....
... on the basis ofthe feature values ofthe word or cluster under consideration. The transcription rule "test "6 is evaluated and the proper branch is then selected on the basis of ... implementation of UTTER operates in one of three modes, each of which corresponds to one ofthe three tasks required ofthe system: (I) execution mode: the transcription of input text usir~ existing ... the part -of- speech of a given word, are stored along with the entry and its result in the SEL. These unextractable attributes rely on the context the entry appeared in rather than on the entry...
... produced them; the texts in the pharmaceutical domain are leaflets providing the patients with the legally mandatory informationabout their medicine. The total size ofthe corpusis of about ... RESULTS The principle we used to evaluate the differentconfigurations ofthe theory was that the best def-inition ofthe parameters was the one that wouldlead to the fewest violations of Constraint ... chosen,and then to compute the CFsandtheCB (if any) of each utterance on the basis ofthe anaphoricinformation and according to the notion of rank-ing specified. This information was the used...