... empirical and theoretical work in biological oceanography and limnology that relates the structure, functionand biotic composition of these systems to the body sizes ofthe organisms present andthe ... size and temperature The metabolic theory of ecology uses these scaling relations to make and test THE METABOLIC THEORY OF ECOLOGY predictions about the effects of energy and materials on the ... survival The effects of changes in the magnitude of each of these traits on the others (e.g increased offspring size may be traded off against a reduction in offspring number), and their relationship...
... Further examination ofthestructureand sequence of sbwAFP and TmAFP reveal other similarities (Fig 8C) The panel shows the similarity ofthe TXT face again, and also reveals the presence of ... changes in thestructureofthe insect AFPs and to further characterize the TXT face of these proteins, the backbone dynamics of TmAFP and sbwAFP were measured at 30 °C and °C [38,40] Overall, the results ... shown as smoothed, Ca traces, with thestructureand PDB code shown below each panel (A) Overlap of isoform 337 with thestructureofthe longer isoform CfAFP-501 using the main chain of residues...
... changes the conformation ofthe other subunit, thereby completely abolishing reaction of SDTG with the second subunit Analysis ofthe crystal structureofthe enzyme in complex with the S-atrazine–GSH ... hydrophobic pocket of domain II ofthe other monomer, physically anchors the two subunits together at either end ofthe interface Explanation ofthe biphasic kinetics An average incorporation of 0.5 mol ... concentration of SDTG, k3 is the maximal rate of inactivation (min)1), and Kd is the apparent dissociation constant ofthe E:SDTG complex From the data shown in Fig 2, Kd values of 107.9 ± 2.1 lM and 224.5...
... 2A) and between the ratio ofthe length of appressed to non-appressed thylakoid membranes and photon fluence rate (Fig 2B) This suggests that, in the canopy, acclimation ofthe thylakoid structure ... below 1.4 (Fig B) The leaves examined from levels and were physiologically young andthe rates of C0 uptake recorded were from intermediate to high (Fig 2A) The ratio ofthe length of appressed to ... a lower rate of C0 uptake and an appressed/non-appressed membrane ratio of about In the present study, a tion was found between negative correla- N P andthe ratio ofthe length of appressed...
... Background The liver sinusoids are lined by endothelial cells that have a unique structureandfunction essential for hepatic and systemic homeostasis Much of our understanding ofthe biology ofthe ... IM and BS conceived ofthe study IM carried out most ofthe experimental work andthe writing AW and DGL participated in the determination of fenestration parameters, statistical analysis and ... arteriole andthe portal venule [10] In average, the oxygen content of hepatic blood is rather low (~55 mmHg) However, oxygen gradients normally exist between the periportal andthe perivenous areas of...
... infrastructure (RNA and proteins) Thestructureandfunctionof this information-processing complex are of great interest in the study of both normal cellular functions (such as differentiation and ... comparative analysis between the architecture andfunctionofthe CHD andthestructureandfunctionof eukaryotic DNA, which we now define as the DNA hard drive (DHD) The computer ATA (Advanced ... correlations and expansions to these properties by structural and informational aspects oftheof DHD, 3) examination ofthe current discrepancies between the CHD andthe DHD, and how these discrepancies...
... cloned into pGEX-4T-2 The KIND domains of Spir-2 and PTPN13 were generated by RT-PCR and inserted into pEGFP-C1 and pGEX-4T-2 The N- and C-terminal regions ofthe v-KIND KIND2 andthe MAP2 CD were ... structural and functional importance ofthe v-KIND and MAP2 interaction core modules in the regulation of dendrite growth and branching in hippocampal neurons and cerebellar granule cells Further studies ... proteins of these subregions (Fig S1C) and 1654 Fig Of all members ofthe KIND family of proteins, only KIND2 binds to MAP2 Pull-down assay (PD) ofthe endogenous MAP2 from cerebellar lysates of P21...
... above, the determination ofthe subunit composition ofthe nAChRs involved has been hindered by the lack of selective ligands and imperfect correlations between the characteristics of native and ... native and heterologously expressed nAChRs The examples presented above clearly demonstrate the usefulness of a-conotoxins in the determination ofthestructureandfunctionof native nAChRs, and ... Furthermore, the distance ofthe projection areas from the cell bodies andthe indistinct correlation between subunit mRNA levels and functional surface nAChRs hampers the interpretation of studies...
... conformer ofthe C-domain (red and blue) on the crystal structure [20] ofthecomplexof human eRF1 (green) andthe truncated eRF3 (purple) The superposition was made using the Ca, C¢ and N atoms ofthe ... on one side ofthe b-sheet and two on the other side The rmsd ofthe heavy atoms (Ca, C, and N) ofthe protein core, when the NMR structures of both conformers are superimposed on the crystal ... between the signal ofthe HN of Gly337 in the open conformer andthe signal ofthe water protons All of these observations indicate that the loop region ofthe open conformer has a higher degree of...
... in the mutant First, there is an increase in the negative charge in the active site and, second, breaking the salt bridge would alter the quaternary structureofthe protein and therefore the ... in the ArCMLE1 structureThe figure was created from the coordinates ofthe P212121 structureof ArCMLE1 andof PpCMLE (Protein Data Bank code 1RE5) (B) Water cavity below the active site The ... structureThe variation in size andthe observed amino acid modification between PpCMLE and ArCMLE suggested important differences between the two enzymes Therefore, the crystal structureof the...
... STRUCTUREANDFUNCTIONOFTHE ARABIC VERB StructureandFunctionofthe Arabic Verb is a corpus-based study that unveils the morpho-syntax andthe semantics ofthe Arabic verb ... very indicative, in our opinion, ofthe adequacy andthe basis of this orientation, on the one hand, andthe destiny of linguistics, on the other hand Of course, these implications might be too ... constructions The frequency of WA, FA-, LA-, and Ø in front of QAD Frequency ofthe compound perfect The distribution and frequency of sawfa/saThe frequency of QAD, laʕalla, and rubbamaa The contextual...
... considerable variation and complexity in the number of nucleosomes disrupted, the histone composition ofthe remaining nucleosomes, andthe number and nature of protein complexes they interact with ... Hence, the maintenance of a condensed chromatin structure throughout the entire body of a gene may rely on the combined actions of Set3 at the 5¢ end and Set2 at the 3¢ end In yeast the cycle of ... bp intervals The lighter colour shades depict the bottom half ofthe nucleosome, andthe exploded view below the octamer depicts the arrangement ofthe histones contacting 73 bp of DNA within...
... ofthe mature enzyme and by the ÔflapÕ The anchorage ofthe prosegment andof part ofthe N-terminus in the active site cleft is made by ionic interactions established between Lys11/Tyr13 ofthe ... other by three disulfide bridges A unique feature ofthe PSI is the swap ofthe N- and C-terminal portions ofthe saposin-like domain, where the C-terminal portion of one saposin is linked to the ... representation ofthestructureofthe PSI domain of barley prophytepsin [25] (N-terminal domain, blue; C-terminal domain, red) (C) Model structureofthe PSI domain of cardosin A based on the crystal structure...
... longer-chain (and nonglobular) versions ofthestructureofthe Bowman±Birk inhibitor in Fig The X-ray crystal structure pi2 reveals that the /,w angles of most ofthe residues ofthe Bowman±Birk ... form of b strand [18] The positive bands at » 1675 cm)1 in the amide I region ofthe ROA spectra of b- and j-casein, which originate mainly in the peptide C O stretch, are characteristic of disordered ... that the former is likely to be in the Cterminal half andthe latter in the N-terminal half ofthe protein [29,48±51] Sequence-based structure prediction methods suggest that the caseins are of the...
... our model ofthe role of point of view in problem solving SUMMARY We have reported here a three pronged approach to the study of problem solving action and report: I) the collected of data on ... problem solving and talk about problem solving, 2) development of a process model of these behaviors, and 3) use of coding techniques to extract traces of "critical phenomena" from the transcripts ... evaluating the model So far, we have focussed our efforts on two types of problem solving phenomena: the changes in the problem solver's organization ofthe problem ("point of view"), and systematic...
... regarding the identification and distribution of TLP genes in nature, the structural and functional characterization ofthe TLP from various organisms, andthe evolution of TLP and transthyretin The ... in b-strands A, G and H [17] Structural nature ofthe TLP and transthyretin active sites One ofthe striking features of transthyretin is the central channel ofthe protein into which the THs ... between the structures of TLP and transthyretins are found in the loop connecting b-strands B and C, which is highly exposed to the solvent in TLP [17] Interruptions in the b-strands A, G and H...
... fold, in which the b1-strand and b2-strand are adjacent and parallel to each other, andthe b¢-strand is adjacent and antiparallel to the b1-strand (Fig 1) The length and sequence ofthe variable ... them The RNA or DNA is bound in an extended, singlestranded conformation across one face ofthe KH domain, between the a1-helix andthe a2-helix and GXXG on the ‘left’, andthe b2-sheet andthe ... 6A–C) The first position ofthe core recognition motif sits on top ofthe a1-helix, and then the phosphate backbone ofthe next two nucleotides interacts with the a1-helix andthe GXXG motif on the...
... comparable to the hexokinase subunits [24] One lobe consists ofthe phosphate1 subdomain andthe predicted a-helix I The other lobe consists ofthe phosphate2 andthe adenosine subdomains, the predicted ... fitted into the glucokinase model using RasMol software Figure shows the predicted structureof GlcNAc kinase with the localization ofthe five ATP-binding subdomains andthe secondary structures ... concluded that C131 and C143 are directly involved in binding the two relevant functional groups ofthe kinase reaction, the c-phosphate of ATP andthe hydroxyl group at C6 of GlcNAc, or they may even...
... CHAPTER – THESTRUCTUREAND DEVELOPMENT OFTHE CEREAL PLANT 24 THE WHEAT BOOK THE WHEAT BOOK CHAPTER – THESTRUCTUREAND DEVELOPMENT OFTHE CEREAL PLANT THESTRUCTUREAND DEVELOPMENT OFTHE CEREAL ... parts of a leaf are the tip ofthe blade andthe top ofthe sheath Where the blade and sheath join, there are structures called the ligule andthe auricles (Figure 2.3) Characteristics ofthe shoot ... structureofthe stem and leaf ofthe wheat plant 27 CHAPTER – THESTRUCTUREAND DEVELOPMENT OFTHE CEREAL PLANT DESCRIPTION OFTHE WHEAT PLANT THE WHEAT BOOK (continued) at their bases, so the...