... buying inflows to reduce the NOFP. Nonetheless, in certain cases involving large one-off inflows of FDI, the SARB may have sufficient prior information to make an assessment as to whether the ... expectation of a strengthening ofthe rand) or by raising interest rates. Under either of these options, it would probably be both difficult and undesirable for the SARB to maintain the higher rates of ... the currency crisis of 1998. Nevertheless, the NOFP and other indicators of international reserve adequacy remain a source of concern for investors that is reflected inSouth Africa’s sovereign...
... under the framework of financial globalization.II. Review of Institution Building inthe Financial SectorA. Main driving forces of institution buildingA review ofthe developments of China’s financial ... performance.2. Roleofthe central bank The central bank has played a roleof policy designing and implementation in the process of institution building inthe financial sector. The promulgation ofThe ... source of financing for enterprises, if their owncapital is excluded. In summary, the deepening process ofthe financial markets has rendered the dominance ofthe banking sector inthe financial...
... (39 ). The renewed interest in examining the indications for BCG vaccination in the United States included consideration ofthe wide range of vaccine efficacies deter-mined by clinical trials ... toexplore the sources ofthe heterogeneity inthe efficacy ofthe BCG vaccine reported in the individual studies. Using a model that included the geographic latitude of the study site and the data ... <5 mm indurationafter skin testing with 5 TU of PPD tuberculin. The Tice strain of BCG is administeredpercutaneously; 0.3 mL ofthe reconstituted vaccine is usually placed on the skin in the lower...
... an important roleinthe financial system of the U.S. economy. They complement theroleof large banks by special-izing in relationship banking and providing credit to smallbusinesses—a sector ... “Small Business Lending and the Changing Structure ofthe Banking Industry,” Journal of Banking andFinance, August.Sullivan, Richard J. 2000. “How Has the Adoption of Internet Banking AffectedPerformance ... understanding issues facing community banks. I. THE CURRENT ROLEOF COMMUNITY BANKS The banking system inthe United States has always been unique in the sense of containing large numbers of small...
... models or inthe surroundings of the mutated residues. The models of RNase A covalent dimers in the exchanging conformation were prepared using the 7RSA structure and the structure of exchanging BS-RNase(1BSR) ... through the exchange between subunits of either their N-ter-minal, or their C-terminal ends [33–35]. We foundthat the behavior with the model membrane of the dimer in which the C-terminal ends ... wereprepared using models of these dimers. The models of RNase A covalent dimers inthe nonexchanging conforma-tion were prepared using the 7RSA structure and the struc-ture of nonexchanging BS-RNase...
... N-linked oligosaccharide side-chainsare important for the GABA transport activity.1-Deoxymannojirimycin inhibits the GABA-uptake of GAT1 In order to gain further insight into theroleof the terminal ... results in reduction of the stability of GAT1 In order to study thein uence ofthe N-glycosylationand N-linked oligosaccharides on protein stability, the intracellular decay time ofthe GAT1, ... for the stability of this protein,but the terminal structure ofthe N-glycans is not.Defective N-glycosylation reduces the trafficking of GAT1 to the plasma membrane In order to study thein uence...
... disambiguated word meaning. It is thein interaction ofthe results of these asynchronous processes that the process of comprehension is defined. The processes are independent ofthe know- ledge ... affected. The study includes off-line picture naming which forces use of articles in all ofthe above contexts, as well as on-line production of these morphemes in an attempt to determine in which ... HOPE, the determination ofthe phonetic representation of a recognized word determines the breadth of active competition amon 9 meanings for subsequent time intervals ofthe process. Depending...
... high-income areas. Consider the following. The Durban Chamber of Commerce and Industry “has in recent years expressed the concern of its members regarding the increasing cost of doingbusiness in ... littledifference to the lives ofthe urban and rural poor since being introduced in mid-2001.First, there is the problem ofthe quantity of free services being offered. With respect toelectricity, the 50 ... boundaries, or the national mobility of goods,services, capital or labour. The Minister, with the concurrence ofthe Minister of Finance, may by notice in the Gazette, set a limit on the amount of the...
... most of them and access-to-input for the worst in this sub-pool. Conversely, the overbearing influence ofthe financial constraints in the lower half is statistically associated with a rather ... expected-debt. The probability of increasingdebt raises with the fact that the enterprise was indebted inthe past (in all the groups).Nodebt thus appears as a strong inertial component inthe credit-demand ... decreasing for 53% ofthe sample, it has been increasingfor 36%, and has been stable for the remaining 11%. An increase in indebtedness (of 80% in average) is associated with a 14% decrease in production,...
... microfinance stands unrivalled in scale, andoutreach continues to grow in terms ofthe number of microborrowers.Institutions providing microfinance in Asia play a critical rolein increasing the ... very helpful in bringing microfinance into the spotlight not only in developing countries but also inthe developedworld. The awareness by policy makers about theroleof microfinance asa major ... positions as savings mobilizersranking ahead of most other financial institutions in their regions.19They also play an important role investing in their regions. From the USD 154 million savings collected...
... the meaning ofthe image or the image projects the meaning ofthe music), then the multimedia example has passed the similarity test and the relationship exhibited is one of conformance. In ... music), taking into account the director’s – and, therefore, the composer’s – intentions, the narrative content ofthe film, and the overall strategy ofthe director in constructing the multifaceted ... other-worldly. In this capacity, the role of music is significantly enhanced by the level of ambiguity inherent inthe visual scene. Specifically, the more ambiguous the meaning ofthe visual image, the...
... However, the mechanistic roles of several of these residues are not described well and there is no example of mutational analysis of all of these residues inthe sameenzyme.To obtain an insight into ... by the surrounding residues. The results so far indicate thatlarger parts ofthe polar core ofthe catalytic TIM barrel of family 18 chitinases play a role during catalysis. It will thusbe interesting ... conformations. The Asp142 equiv-alent inthe family 18 chitinase from Coccidioides immitiswas found to be inthe ÔdownÕ position inthe apoenzymeand inthe ÔupÕ position inthe complex with allosamidin...
... properties of the document containing the sentence and properties of the sentence itself. Regarding the former type,two features come into play: the relevance score of the document (from the IR engine) ... Surprisingly, adding1Since the count variant of POURPRE achieved the highestcorrelation with of cial rankings, the nugget score is simply the highest fraction in terms of word overlap between the ... acquiring nuclear weapons?”, which are the focus ofthe AQUAINT program inthe U.S., andopinion questions such as “How does the Chileangovernment view attempts at having Pinochet tried in Spanish...
... schooling, the estimated schooling effect could include both the impacts of schooling and the fact that those continuing in school could earn more inthe absence of schooling.2 For the most ... influence. Ignoring these nonschool factors introduces another element of measurement error into the growth analyses inthe same way as it did inthe analysis of individual earnings. From the mid-1960s ... regardless ofthe quality ofthe education system in which it takes place, but delivers different increases in skills depending on the efficiency ofthe education system, the quality of teaching, the...
... examples ofthe changes found in all the fire affected provinces ofthe island: logging inthe peneplains and peat forests, development of large industrial forest plantations, and changes in smallholder ... judged the success ofthe migrants who took the initial risk. The lingering resentment against the transmigrants, however, remains. Agro-Industrial Projects: Fires In Land Clearing And ... defend their interests but inthe interests ofthe government and private investors. Farmers also complain about their lack of control over the design and implementation of projects: many of...