... have heartfailure worldwide Heartfailure is primarily a disease ofthe elderly, and the prevalence of chronic heartfailure increases with advancing age Currently, chronic heartfailure is the ... by a chronic shortage of donor hearts Currently, the mainstay ofheartfailure treatment is pharmacologic and includes angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, ... diagnosis in patients over the age of 65 years Thus, as the population ages, the management ofheartfailure will become more frequent and of even greater importance The management of patients...
... better understanding ofthe anatomy and pathophysiology ofheartfailureThe failing heart beats at more than 120,000 beats per day, pumping more than 6,000 L of blood against an increased systemic ... minority of patients who have heart failure, other surgical options may soon provide symptomatic relief for the majority The demand for treatment emerges from an increasingly elderly heartfailure ... of percutaneous balloon angioplasty and stents In turn coronary intervention rates will fall because of public health initiatives on diet and smoking together with the widespread use of statins...
... returns to the intensive care unit with borderline cardiac index and a blood pressure of 110/70 mm Hg Over the next hours the blood pressure remains acceptable on inotropic support but the urine output ... unstable angina to a glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor or placebo, the 7-day mortality or myocardial infarction rate was 22.3% in almost 700 patients inthe control arm [2] A collective review of 279 ... transvalvular gradient [4] Intraoperative myocardial injury remains prevalent inthe increasingly elderly surgical population because tolerance to ischemia is reduced in aged myocardium [5] Patients...
... result of emerging knowledge, new procedures, and technical advances This article addresses the pathophysiology, the treatment options, and their rationale inthe setting of life-threatening AMI ... Active systolic shortening progresses to passive lengthening Within 20 minutes of IRA occlusion, cardiac myocytes have depressed function and show the stigmata of myocardial stunning As occlusion persists, ... swelling), depending on available energy levels Apoptosis, the main 1551-7136/07/$ - see front matter Ó 2007 Elsevier Inc All rights reserved doi:10.1016/j.hfc.2007.04.006 heartfailure.theclinics.com...
... HeartFailure Clin (2007) 211–228 Revascularization inHeart Failure: Coronary Bypass or Percutaneous Coronary Intervention? Sorin V Pusca, MD, John D Puskas, MD* Emory University School of ... University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA Coronary artery disease (CAD) is currently the single most common cause ofheartfailurein adults [1] The prognosis of patients who have severe ... coronary interventions (PCI) in this setting Alternative modalities for the surgical treatment of ischemic heart failure, such as heart transplantation, surgical ventricular restoration, the Dor...
... architecture oftheheart permits a shortening of 15% ofthe fibers to give an ejection fraction of 60% and the different distribution ofthe fibers within the wall from the epicardium to the endocardium ... connect the myocytes in a complex array of fibers forming the 3-D architecture ofthe wall and coordinating the delivery of forces generated by myocytes These forces are important determinants of diastolic ... for the twisting effect ofthe apex that optimizes the ejection of blood into the aortic vessel The elliptic shape enhances blood flow at thein ow and outflow tract When disease alters the shape of...
... clear from the outset that there is a role for both inthe management of advanced heartfailure Cardiac dyssynchrony * Corresponding author University of Hull, Castle Hill Hospital, Kingston-upon-Hull, ... been a prominent aspect of HCM and, inthe early years ofthe disease’s recognition, its presence was inextricably linked to the diagnosis of this condition [5,6] Patients who have the obstructive ... Withdrawal of nonsteroidal anti -in ammatory drugs, including aspirin, also seems to reduce the need for hospitalization for worsening heartfailure [6,7] However, when standard pharmacologic therapy...
... allows theheart a period of relative rest in which functional improvement may be achieved by interrupting the vicious circle of increasing wall tension and functional impairment The hearts of a ... disturbances are the consequence Finally, because ofthe inability oftheheart to pump a sufficient volume of blood to the end organs, a globally impaired supply with oxygen is the result Medically, these ... imminent death [17] The development of cardiac assist devices has made much progress within the last 10 years Inthe 1980s, mainly paracorporeal devices were available; however, inthe 1990s, the...
... ‘‘destination treatment’’ or ‘‘lifetime therapy’’ are used to describe the intention at the moment of insertion ofthe device: that it should remain in place for the life ofthe patient and that there ... changes on the understanding and refinement ofthe therapeutic orchestra available for patients inthe advanced phase ofheartfailure have occurred, specifically with the introduction of highly ... availability on the market of many devices to assist the pumping function oftheheart has resulted in a new vocabulary This has led to a surplus of confusion, even misunderstanding, extending from the characteristics...
... are inthe terminal phase ofheartfailure (Stage D, New York Heart Association [NYHA] IV) and refractory to maximum medical therapy [2] With around 10% ofthe population older than 65 years of ... With the exception ofthe United States, Germany, and France, bridge to transplantation is an expensive and infrequent intervention Inthe study by Sharples and colleagues [11] evaluating the ... older than 65 years of age suffering systolic left ventricular dysfunction, the number of patients who have heartfailure will double within the next 25 years In this global context cardiac transplantation...
... surgery, in advanced heart failure, 328 Coronary interventions, percutaneous, in advanced heart failure, 327–328 D Defibrillator, cardiac, automatic implantable, in advanced heart failure, 326–327 in atable, ... regurgitation, 293 in advanced heart failure, 329–330 B Biomedical devices, for heart failure, 295–296 Cardiac defibrillator, automatic implantable, in advanced heart failure, 326–327 in atable, 269 ... HeartFailure Clin (2007) 377–380 Index Note: Page numbers of article titles are in boldface type A C Aldosterone antagonists, in advanced heart failure, 323 Cardiac assist...
... inthe process of DNA laddering (as is the case with EndoG) rather than inthe production of large-sized DNA fragments, considering the timing of uptake ofthemitochondriainthe autophagosome, ... detecting the loss of membrane potential inmitochondria [19] The DePsipher dye accumulates inthe multimeric form inthe intermembrane spaces of mitochondria, and fluoresces bright red when themitochondria ... which appear to be involved inthe final resorption ofthe parental macronucleus during PND in T thermophila, and suggested the involvement ofmitochondriain this process [19] In mammalian apoptosis,...
... results in trimming something off something else; inthe case of example (9) above trimming the bush results in trimming the dry branches off the bush And this is what the semantic type in (16) ... Impingement Predicates In order to capture the semantic properties ofthe arguments ofthe most representative verb ofthe impingement predicates class in German, the verb schlagen (hit) in examples ... argument ofthe embedded stateof-affairs Finally, as far as direct arguments are concerned, in Koenig and Davis (2000) these are predicted to link off the value ofthe KEY attribute 3.1 The verbs...
... happens: from the rise ofthe internet and the spread of McDonalds to the establishment ofthe International Criminal Court and the emergence of global terrorism Focusing on the implications of globalization ... as the municipality of Amsterdam, understand the importance of preventing this, and stress the necessity of a local international policy being in line with the international policies of other involved ... gain as well from maintaining a certain image and attracting foreign capital An interesting aspect of this diplomatic game is the theory and practice of city branding – the notion of applying...
... mutants ofthe MetAP-I from E coli S Mitra et al affect the DG value for the binding ofthe rst metal ion; however, the entropic factor (TDS) for the binding ofthe rst metal ion decreases inthe ... Co(II)-binding site, and indeed bidentate binding of Glu97 may prevent binding ofthe solvent ligand that appears to be present in other mono-cobalt(II) species of EcMetAP-I Combination of these ... metal-binding site, but also probably assists in binding and positioning the substrate through interactions with the N-terminal amine The 6256 data reported herein highlight the complexity of the...
... of nerves and networks inthe brain, involving several areas near the edge ofthe cortex concerned with instinct and mood This area ofthe brain is intricately involved in motivation and basic ... to combine the findings ofthe neurological perspective regarding the complex process of aesthetic experience with the interactive model of representation In this combination, we focus on the process ... about through the interrelationship ofthe outcomes of basic emotional systems (in the appraisal process), that elicit aesthetic emotions, and the process of learning inthe course of interaction...
... being inherited together, whereas the farther away they are from each other, the more chance of their INTRODUCTION being separated by the process of crossing over The Morgan is now the unit of ... Einstein’s theories of relativity This already indicates the sensitivity of society to new concepts in biology involving humans and our position inthe living world The original criticisms of ... consistent theories of how we age First formulated inthe 1950s, the somatic mutation theory explains aging as a gradual accumulation of random alterations inthe DNA ofthe genome inthe cells of our...