the modernisation of retail trade

... aggregating the seasonally adjusted national data. Eurostat carries out the seasonal adjustment of the data for those countries that do not adjust their data for seasonal effects. The weights of the ... Confidential Volume of retail trade % change compared with the same month of the previous year* Jul-12 Aug-12 Sep-12 Oct-12 Nov-12 Dec-12 EA17 Total retail trade -1.3 -0.7 -1.7 -2.9 ... -1.9% in the EA17 and from -1.3% to -1.0% in the EU27. 4. Based on data adjusted for working days. In order to reflect changes in the structure of the economy, the base year of all short-term...

... of Stage Three of EMU on bank pricing. First, the importance of the long-term market rate in the equilibrium price of retail bank products has often been reduced since the introduction of the ... 2001). The main lesson of these banking structure studies is that the pricing behaviour of banks may depend on the degree of competition and contestability in the different segments of the retail ... explaining the sluggishness of retail bank interest rates. We also show that in the cases where we cannot reject that the adjustment of retail rates has changed since the introduction of the euro,...

... \ and the end of the line; otherwise the shell will interpret the first space as a parameter by itself, and then it will interpret the end of line as the end of the command. • In the C programming ... application. If the windowisalready maximized, the middle button restores it to its previous size. • Youcan select anycorner of the window, orany ofthe other edges, to change the size of the window. The ... down the button on the title bar,you can move the window. • At the left of the title bar there is an X logo. If you select this logo, you get a menu of windowoperations. • At the right of the...

... historic importance of the ending of the division of the European continent and the need to create firm bases for the construction of the future Europe 50 The passionate sources of personal moral ... entrusted to the World Trade Organization). 44 The first fifteen years of the life of the World Bank were dominated by recon- struction efforts shaped by the rise of the Cold War and the need to ... and to the development of the productive resources of all members as primary objectives of economic policy. 42 The immediate background to the founding of the World Bank and the IMF were the 1930s...

... aggregate levels of funding to local government, the distribution of the increases has varied with a general favouring of the metropolitan authorities in the north and midlands over the southern shire ... awareness of the consequences of resource shortages. Of cials and members frequently claimed that much of the modernisation programme was simply a codication of some good practices, which they, ... each of whom hold a portfolio of responsibilities. The bulk of the members (who all formerly sat on the service committees) became ‘backbenchers’ sitting on newly formed scrutiny committees. The...

... influenced by the relative weight of the maturities of their components : given the positive slope of the yield curve during the crisis, the greater the amounts at short maturi- ties, the lower the average ... (forecast of the variable in the absence of a shock to the market interest rate or to the retail interest rate) ; – the contribution of a shock to the market interest rate (dynamic effect on the retail ... and retail bank rates in the euro area in the Context of the reCent Crisis 3.2.1 Methodology The theory suggests that there is a stable relationship between the market interest rate and the retail...

... was the readiest way of converting them to the principles of the Christian religion. These, then, were the first forerunners in the great cause of the abolition of the Slave Trade: nor have their ... held the reigns of the government of Spain till Charles the Fifth came to the throne, for the establishment of a regular system of commerce in the persons of the native Africans. The object of ... consigning to it those of another. Ximenes, therefore, may be considered as one of the first great friends of the Africans after the partial beginning of the trade. This answer of the cardinal, as...

... variable is constructed using the number of all branches of each savings bank and the number of inhabitants of the particular region the bank is operating in. The underlying intuition is that ... had with the savings banks at which they apply for a new loan. These relationships comprise the existence of a current or savings account, the usage of credit or debit cards, the amount of funds ... We further test the null hypothesis that the error terms of the loan granting and the default model are uncorrelated (i.e. discretion does not matter for screening) and reject this hypothesis...

... autocorrelation at the bank level. The diagnostic section of the table reports the DD estimate as well as the p-value from the Wald test under the H0 that the DD estimate is equal to zero. The diagnostic ... interpreted as the effect of the financial crisis on the supply of loans. We observe the same level of magnitude for the DD estimates of consumer and mortgage loans. In Panel D of Table 4, ... adjust the standard errors for possible autocorrelation at the state level. The diagnostic section of the table reports the DD estimate as well as the p-value from the Wald test under the H0...

...    vi 5 The Transformation of Retail Building Types – Territorial Singularisation   95    ...     The Transformation of Retail Building Types,        ...   18 The Territorial Structure of Public Space             ...

... making the total cost of loans lower. Imputed family inputs were about 62 percent of total production costs in 2007. This was the reverse of the expenditure pattern in Kamrieng and thus one of the ... drought in the middle or end of rainy season, would be better off growing rubber rather than crops. There is little or no discrimination against foreign investors either at the time of investment ... latex makes further tapping uneconomic. The trees are then removed and replaced with new seedlings (Mead 2001). The older the tree, the more concentrated is the latex produced. The time comes...

... this is the role of the competition theory. Because the identification theory prevents monopolization of even more features than the competition theory, the identification theory ... competition theory, are nonfunctional. Applying each of the above six tests to the three examples confirms the affinity of these tests for the competition theory. Under the comparable ... Accordingly, these six tests align themselves more readily with the competition theory than with the identification theory. IV THE Two TEoRIEs OF FUNCTIONALrIY AND THE AESTHETIC FUNGT1ONALrIY...

... improve the quality of projects appraisal. Subjective factors These are the internal factors of the Bank, the influence of these factors on the quality of project appraisal is decisive because the ... which means they serve different tasks, and the choice of a project does not affect the others; then they should all be accepted. In the case of mutually exclusive, the project with the highest ... and other sources of fund, as well as the financial health of the firm, the bank will address the real capital need for the project: Loan = Aggregate investment – Equity investment – others The...

... a loan. GSB provides them with training. The amount of each loan is decided on the basis of the borrower’s investment need and their ability to repay. The amount of the first loan does not ... have sprung out of the savings banks movement, have done a   Bringing the Hidden Giants to the Footlight: the Role of Savings and Retail Banks in Increasing the Level of Access to Financial ... and the repayment capacity of their clients, a domain where they have a high level of expertise, while savings banks could make use of their front and back of ce systems for disbursing of...

... Registered Office as above. 12 Assessing the quality of investment advice in the retail banking sector Section 2 – Key causes of poor advice about these failings as the majority of the mystery ... explained the nature of any restrictions clearly. However, in 6% of mystery shops we had concerns with the suitability of the recommended product for the length of time the customer wanted to hold the ... concerns with the quality of advice in the other quarter. In 11% of mystery shops we felt the advice was unsuitable for the customer and in a further 15% the adviser did not gather enough information...