... = [ (As − A)]/[(A0 − A)] × 100% where As is the absorbance in the presence ofthe sample and H2 O2 , A0 is the absorbance ofthe control in the absence ofthe sample and H2 O2 , and A is the absorbance ... absorbance ofthe control group in the superoxide anion generation system and B is the change speed of absorbance ofthe test sample Vc was used as a positive control in the study 2.10 Cell lines and ... blank)/A control] × 100, where A control was the absorbance ofthe control group in the hydroxyl radicals generation system, A sample was the absorbance ofthe test group and A sample blank was...
... like BHA and AA was also determined and compared with those ofthe synthesised compounds (Fig 3) The antioxidant activity of BHA and AA was still lower than that ofthe compounds (a) and (d) In ... (e) and (f) showed the absent ofthe N–H absorption band at 3400 cm–1 and the presence ofthe C=O stretching band at 1600 cm–1, whereas in compounds (a) and (d), the presence of N–H stretching and ... absence ofthe compound to determine the amount oflipidperoxidation obtained in the presence of inducing agents as a control experiment The percentage of antilipid peroxidative activity (% ALP) was...
... Additionally, the presence ofthe tosyl group might shift the agonistic activity to that ofan antagonist It is documented that increasing the van der Waals molecular volume ofan agonist makes it an antagonist ... together with a direct estimate of lipophilicity widely acknowledged asan important factor in transport across membranes A common measure ofthe degree of BBB penetration is the ratio ofthe ... important to the differentiation ofthe biological profile between compounds PBIA and TPBIA The association of increasing molecular weight with increasing antagonistic power is well known An antagonist...
... phosphataseconjugated anti-rabbit IgG asthe secondary antibody DAB (diamminobenzidine) was used as substrate [32] The intensity of bands was analyzed by image analyzer2254 The equal loading of sample in each lane ... concentrations ofthe test compound with the ABTS* solution, the reduction in degree of absorbance was recorded at 734 nm b Lipidperoxidation assay LipidPeroxidation assay was carried out by ... [26] The abdomen was squeezed for min, and then the peritoneal fluid was aspirated out It was centrifuged and the cell pellet was washed times with serum free RPMI-1640 media to harvest the macrophages...
... Antioxidant Power (FRAP Assay) The total antioxidant potential of a sample was determined using the ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) assay of Benzie and Strain30 as a measure of »antioxidant ... without addition of antioxidant was heated at 110 °C and an airflow of 20 L/h was constantly blown into the mixture The antioxidant activity index (AAI) was calculated from the measured induction ... 547 ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF SPICE ESSENTIAL OILS where AC(o) is the absorbance ofthe control at t = and AA(t) is the absorbance ofthe antioxidant at t = h Determination of Ferric Reducing Antioxidant...
... in the 20th century The role ofthe pancreas in the disease pathogenesis of diabetes was discovered in 1889 by Joseph Von Mering and Oskar Minkowski These two scientists removed the pancreas of ... (GPx) and catalase (CAT) are other antioxidant enzymes that catalyze the conversion of hydrogen peroxide to water Decreases in expression, and in some instances the inactivity of each of these antioxidant ... HISTORY OF DIABETES MELLITUS Diabetes is a disease which has been recognized since antiquity especially in the regions of Asia and the Mediterranean However, the elucidation ofthe pathogenesis of...
... and, therefore, can enhance the immune defense and lower the risk of cancer and degenerative diseases [6,12] The human body is equipped with an antioxidant defense system that deactivates these ... is an herbaceous plant used in southern Cameroon asan antidiabetic and antihypertensive drug Other traditional uses ofthe genus Dorstenia are Antioxidant Activity of African Medicinal Plants ... between the dietary intake of antioxidant-rich foods and the incidence of human disease [19] However, synthetic antioxidants, such as butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and butylated hydroxyanisole...
... stress [4] Furthermore, the decrease of glutathione can enhance the tendency of sulfhydryl groups to oxidation [5] Oxidation of proteins increases the formation of disulfide as well as carbonyl ... volume of ml After boiling for h, the mixture was cooled, and ml of n-butanol and pyridine (15:1) solution was added to it This mixture was then centrifuged at 5000 rpm for 15 and the absorbance was ... ability to inhibit the production of ROS as well as maintains the antioxidants activity in the cell [24] Moreover it has been reported that supplementation of antioxidants preserve the NPSH from oxidative...
... its antioxidant activity In order to clarify the reason for the significant effect ofthe pin-up oxygen on the antioxidant activity of C60, we calculated the energy level of LUMO and HOMO for the ... in the absence of antioxidants as a control of antioxidants as a control (slope = 0) The slopes, krrs = 0.79 (for C60), 1.33 (for C60O), and 1.93 (for C60On), represent the efficiency ofthe antioxidants ... shows the dependency ofthe pseudo-first-order rate constants, kobs, for the discoloration of b-carotene on the antioxidant concentration of PVP and CD complexes of C60 and oxidized C60O Here, the...
... mechanisms involving the secretion of decoy oxidant targets, as well asthe synthesis of a broad spectrum of antioxidant enzymes [26,27] Agents with the ability to enhance antioxidant pathways and ... has the ability to measurably increase antioxidant HO-1 gene expression in the human nasal mucosa and provides a potential mechanistic link between the antioxidant-associated in vitro data and ... indicating the level ofthe symptom described, with the least sensation at the far left and the most at the far right Scores were determined by measuring the distance in mm from the left end of the...
... indexof Basella rubra L was 1.8 µg/mL, profusely lower than garlic acid and ascorbic acid The lower of IC50 the more effective of antioxidant activity, therefore, the antioxidant of Anthocyanin ... Anthocyanin molecular The antioxidant activity decreased directly proportional to the decrease of Anthocyanin concentration The reason of decreasing AA% was the decline of 14 Anthocyanin molecular through ... Concentration of anthocyanin (µg/mL) Figure Trend line of Basella rubra L anthocyanin antioxidant activity The IC50 index was determined as 1.8 µg/mL, significant low compared to ascorbic acid and garlic...
... progression of cancer; and the second question is whether the PR domain alone possesses anticancer activity In this study, we quantitatively analyzed the mRNA expression level of RIZ1 over the disease ... methylation has been proposed asan important epigenetic mechanism to suppress cancer, the histone methyltransferase activity ofthe PR domain may as well play a critical role for the tumor suppressing ... different types of cancer, and evaluated the anticancer activity ofthe PR domain against human hepatoma HuH7 cells through both direct administration of recombinant His6-tagged PR and cDNA transfection...
... microprofiles of O2, NH4+, NO2-, and NO3- in the autotrophic nitrifying biofilm (B) The distribution and magnitude ofthe estimated specific rates of net consumption and production of NH4+, NO2-, and ... however, measure only net chemical profiles, and the spatial resolution is also above a single-cell level To address the question ofthe higher abundance and activity of SRB in oxic zones of biofilms ... within an autotrophic nitrifying biofilm After reaching the steady-state condition, microprofiles of NH4+, NO2-, NO3-, and O2 in the biofilms were measured by use of microsensors, and the spatial...
... conditions Ag2 was more sensitive than Ag1 and TiO2 in response to the change in photocatalyst concentration and stirring speed According to the TEM images, the plasma membrane of M lylae was the first ... was not the limiting factor for the bactericidal action of Ag1 and pure TiO2 since increasing the stirring speed did not seem to enhance the bactericidal activity ofthe two photocatalysts Transmission ... target of reactive oxygen species and it was the main reason of cell death The cell wall destruction was only a secondary phenomenon after the loss of cell viability In the application of PCO...
... low MA doses, the inhibition is reversible, as removal of MA from the cultures relieves this hindrance, allowing further maturation ofthe parasite The use of parasitostatic drugs has not been ... may inhibit the activity of proteases of T gondii [14] and HIV [12,31] To ascertain the inhibition range of MA on the different P falciparum protease classes, in vitro enzymatic assays were performed ... (an aspartic protease) and the aspartic protease inhibitor pepstatin A as controls The results (Table 2) showed that MA does not inhibit cathepsin D nor the aspartic protease activity in plasmodial...
... involved in assembly and export of N-oxide reductases Biochem Soc Trans 33, 124–126 29 Zhang B, Zhang Y, Wang Z & Zheng Y (2000) The role of Mg2+ cofactor in the guanine nucleotide 524 exchange and GTP ... 518 A NTPase activity (% GTPase) gen bond with the amino group at position ofthe guanine base, which is absent from the xanthine base [39,40] Thus, D-68 was substituted by asparagine and the hydrolytic ... measuring the effect of competition of a ten-fold excess of XMP on the GTPase activities ofthe native protein and the TorDD68N variant The GTPase activity of TorDD68N was found to be inhibited...
... cells transfected as indicated were treated with recombinant human TRAIL for h and cell survival was assessed using the MTT assay Caspase activity was assessed by measuring degradation ofthe Ac-DEVD-pNA ... caspase activity by measuring degradation ofthe Ac-DEVD-pNA peptide (right panel) The graphs represent average cell survival as a percentage ofthe control and the average fold increase of caspase ... TRAIL and EGF as above in the presence of 20 lM SP600125 or vehicle (dimethylsulfoxide) Cell survival was assessed using the MTT assay Caspase activity was assessed by measuring degradation of the...
... both mGFP and MIT domains of calpain On the other hand, the antiGFP-reacting 30 kDa band was not detected in the immunoprecipitates of antibody against calpain 7, indicating a lack of MIT domains ... GFP As shown in Fig 9A, the effect of coexpression with FLAG–IST1 on the generation of 30 K was not so obvious regarding the ratio of precursor (arrow) and 30 K (open triangle) On the other hand, ... classified asan atypical calpain As one ofthe significant structural features, mammalian calpain possesses a tandem repeat of microtubule-interacting and transport (MIT) domains [19,20] at the N-terminus...
... oxidized and reduced forms ofthe Y74C mutant had very different thermal stabilities While the stability ofthe Y74Cox mutant was comparable to that of wildtype enzyme, the Y74Cred mutant was very ... cuvette of path length mm was used, and the spectra were averaged over four scans at a scanning speed of 10 nmặmin)1 The change in ellipticity was measured as a function of temperature for thermal ... conservation ofthe unusual backbone stereochemistry at the K12 residue As shown in Fig 8, K12 adopts unusual Ramachandran angles of / = 54.3 5.5 and w = )144.1 7.0 [53] The distribution ofthe / and...