... Sugar-binding sites Sugar-binding sites in RTB exist inthe subdomains 1a and 2c [45], and the residues involved inprotein sugar inter- actions in RTB are also retained in these (and only these) ... main-chain N, whereas in MLB 6-OH is not involved in interactions with theproteinThe glutamine is conserved inthe two proteins, however, and differences in orientation of the CH2OH groups in ... sugar binding for MLI [21] and ricin [52], and they are involved inthe common binding mode for the two sugar-binding sites of both proteins It is known that GalNAc binds only to the C-terminal...
... mammalian POU-domain binding proteins are coexpressed with homeodomain proteins inthe brain [32 and references therein] and at least some of the homeobox genes or homeodomain proteins are required ... shown at the right of each exon interesting note is the increasing size of each of the three introns, i.e intron < intron < intron (Fig 2A), is maintained between fishes and mammals All intron/exon ... overlapping patterns of expression inthe adult mammalian brain Several CNS-specific genes, including the B-FABP gene, contain POU-domain binding sites, which drive their expression throughout the...
... activator protein AP1 binding site stimulating protein SP1 hepatic nuclear factor hepatic nuclear factor GATA-binding factor GATA-binding factor GATA-binding factor GATA-binding factor Sox-5 Sox-5 Yin ... lacking the heart -type fatty acid binding protein gene Circ Res 85, 329–337 Ribarik Coe, N., Simpson, M.A & Bernlohr, D.A (1999) Targeted disruption of the adipocyte lipid-binding protein (aP2 protein) ... lipids are synthesized In addition to the metabolic activity of the oocyte, proteins, lipids and carbohydrates enter into the cytoplasm from outside the cell [48] During stage III of oocyte development...
... cytoplasmic intermediatefilamentprotein found in astrocytes They maintain the structural integrity of astrocytes, especially when these cells undergo hypertrophy and hyperplasia in response to a non-invasive ... to be increased following toxic insult to the CNS in many studies A single subcutaneous injection (50 μg/kg bw, 1/2 LD50) of the cholinesterase inhibitor Sarin was found to significantly increase ... stress [9] Administration of pyridostigmine, a carbamate AChE inhibitor normally impermeable to the blood brain barrier (BBB), during the Persian Gulf War, resulted in an increase inthe occurrences...
... as typeII pneumocytes was further confirmed by staining with the lectin Maclura pomifera agglutinin, that specifically binds to a 185 kDa glycoprotein on AEC II but not on alveolar type I epithelial ... Matrix metalloproteinase Matrix metalloproteinase Matrix metalloproteinase 23 Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase Genes ... stainings for the corresponding surfactant protein (C) Staining of sorted AEC II with Maclura pomifera lectin revealed high purity of isolated cells Black histogram indicates staining with the...
... readings of all standards, controls and samples, including the no -protein control The values for theprotein standards were plotted with a linear regression line through the standard points Theprotein ... 2008), while according to the Singapore Cancer Registry, in 17 women will develop breast cancerin her lifetime in Singapore The risk of getting breast cancer increases with age, with the most prevalent ... not all cancers have acquired the same set of features during their development as they become cancerous These hallmarks include the ability to generate selfsustaining growth signals, insensitivity...
... involved in PrPC-mediated MDR in gastric cancerIn order to study whether activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway played a role in PrPC-induced MDR in gastric cancer cells, the PrPC-overexpressing ... resistance in gastric cancer cells PI3K/Akt is involved inthe activation of P-gp by PrPC in gastric cancer To further investigate the underlying mechanism of PI3K/Akt-mediated PrPC-induced gastric cancer ... inhibition of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway may lead to inhibition of the MDR induced by PrPC in gastric cancer cells The mechanism underlying PI3K/Akt-mediated PrPC-induced MDR in gastric cancer...
... isoforms inlungcancer by using lungcancer cell lines and tumour samples Sp1 was found to activate the transcription of TAp73c inlungcancer via highly conserved Sp1-binding sites on the p73 ... TAp73 expression in vivo by treating the standard TAp73expressing cell line A549 with either Sp1 small interfering RNA (siRNA) or an Sp1 protein inhibitor The resulting changes in TAp73 expression ... IMR90), and substantially increased inthelung epithelial anaplastic carcinoma cell line (CALU6), the small cell carcinoma cell line (DMS53), the squamous lungcancer cell lines (CRL5802, HTB182,...
... Normal Normal Normal Normal Normal Normal Normal Normal CancerCancerCancerCancerCancerCancerCancerCancerCancerCancerCancerCancerCancerCancer UniGene ID N/A Hs.471234 Hs.592304 Hs.348319 ... add or remove the ubiquitin moiety from a target proteinThe deubiquitinating enzymes are also involved in processing of poly-ubiquitin precursors into ubiquitin monomers, targeting or salvage ... overexpressed inthe two ovarian cancer cell lines compared with the two normal OSE cell lines and 16 were expressed at lower levels inthe two ovarian cancer cell lines than inthe two OSE cell lines...
... black bar Inthe controls 15% of the cells were in S-phase, 65% in G0/G1 and 20% in G2/M Inthe following, the S-phase was reduced to 5%, while G0/G1 increased to 73% The proportion of cells in G2/M ... PBS on ice The probes were frozen three times in liquid nitrogen, and then centrifuged at 10.000 × g for 30 Theprotein concentration was measured inthe supernatant using the DC protein assay ... irradiation the cells were harvested and subjected to protein extraction The shown results represent one of three assays In controls incubated in FCS containing media and in controls incubated in media...
... of the changes of the Thegroup and the non-RP group mean TGF-β1 level intheThe pattern of the changes of the mean TGF-β1 level inthe RP group and the non-RP group The TGF-β1 level began to increase ... suggests that the IL-6 produced by thelung is not a major determinant of the circulating IL-6 levels The mean IL-6 concentrations were significantly higher inthelungcancer patients than inthe normal ... from the patients at six points: before treatment and at the beginning, inthe middle of and at the end of RT and at and weeks after the completion of RT By using meticulous handling procedure, the...
... ventilation is shown in Table There was no significant difference between the groups inthe number of cells inthe first BAL fluid The cell composition inthe first BAL fluids (before the completion ... significantly greater inthe CMV group than inthe HFO group After h of ventilation, the number of granulocytes inthe BAL fluid was also significantly greater inthe CMV group than in HFO group The CMV group ... lung model, that, in comparison with HFO, CMV resulted in greater impairment of oxygenation and increased infiltration of neutrophils, as indicated by their presence in BAL fluids These findings...
... comfortable having these guidelines applied in their hospital (= 4) The likelihood of using these guidelines inthe reviewers’ own practice was explored with a singleitem scale ranging from = ‘not ... cough may be the result of the underlying respiratory pathology rather than thecancerThe timing of the start of cough is important; any change in cough since the diagnosis with cancer or any ... opioids: The preferred drug being Methadone (linctus), then Hydromorphone, then Morphine, then Codeine, then Oxycodone, in that order, citing Eddy et al [25] as source document However, the summary...
... tested in cell lines and tissue specimens representing different steps of lungcancer progression supporting the panel of the tumor suppressor genes selected to be altered inlungcancerIn this ... attributed in part to the number and type of stages analyzed 3) Heterogeneity of the promoter methylation may exist within the individual gene promoters for certain genes inlungcancer carcinomas ... biomarkers, underscoring a role for epigenetics inthe early pathogenesis of the major histological subtypes of lungcancerThe innovative applicability of MS-MLPA inthe types of samples analyzed...
... retinoblastoma protein Overexpression of CDK4 has been described in many tumors, including lungcancerIn this investigation, we analyzed the expression of CDK4 proteininlungcancer and normal lung tissues ... pathologists blinded to the clinical parameters Expression of CDK4 inthe nucleus and inthe cytoplasm was independently evaluated For cytoplasmic staining, the score was evaluated according to the sum ... cytoplasm staining intensity and the percentage of positive staining areas of cells The staining intensity was scored as previously described(0-3) [8,9] and the percentage of positive staining areas...
... retinoblastoma protein Overexpression of CDK4 has been described in many tumors, including lungcancerIn this investigation, we analyzed the expression of CDK4 proteininlungcancer and normal lung tissues ... pathologists blinded to the clinical parameters Expression of CDK4 inthe nucleus and inthe cytoplasm was independently evaluated For cytoplasmic staining, the score was evaluated according to the sum ... cytoplasm staining intensity and the percentage of positive staining areas of cells The staining intensity was scored as previously described(0-3) [8,9] and the percentage of positive staining areas...
... evaluation in NSCLC The method can also be applied inthe detection of other mutations inthe EGFR gene Competing interests The authors declare that they have no competing interests Authors' contributions ... direct sequencing We can therefore conclude that our method was very accurate in profiling the most common EGFR mutations in NSCLC Discussion EGFR proteins control essential signaling pathways ... and draft the manuscript, KTY participated inthe design of the study, YSC performed direct sequencing, NCH participated inthe analysis and helped to draft the manuscript, JGC designed the study...
... rapamycin will result in some beneficial modulation of thecancer killing properties of docetaxel inlungcancer cells [20,21] To the best of our knowledge, the effect of including rapamycin in combination ... Oncogene 2010, 29:3733-3744 Guertin DA, Sabatini DM: Defining the role of mTOR incancerCancer Cell 2007, 12:9-22 Guertin DA, Sabatini DM: An expanding role for mTOR incancer Trends Mol Med 2005, ... Advances in targeting the Ras/Raf/MEK/Erk mitogenactivated protein kinase cascade with MEK inhibitors for cancer therapy Clin Cancer Res 2008, 14:342-346 Roberts PJ, Der CJ: Targeting the Raf-MEK-ERK...
... procured locally Cell line and culture conditions The human lungcancer cell line A549 was obtained from the China Center for Type Culture Collection (Wuhan, China) and maintained in RPMI-1640 supplemented ... anticancer agents induced apoptosis by targeting the proteins of Bcl-2 family and the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 played a critical role in determining whether cells will undergo apoptosis [31,32] In our ... Cdc2/Cyclin B1, Bcl-2 protein and up-regulated Bax in our study In summary, these results indicated that Osthole induced G2/M arrest and apoptosis possibly by down-regulating Akt signaling in human lung...
... overexpressed inthe cancers in comparison with normal cells [5] A few of the genes are being studied further for their role inlungcancer pathogenesis, but clearly this single experiment has opened the ... been defined for lungcancer and, with the increasing availability of gene maps, the next few years are likely to see an acceleration in our recognition of new genes involved inlungcancer pathogenesis ... overexpression The future of genomics inlungcancer research Inthe next few years, a considerable effort will be made to classify lung cancers, to discover genes involved inlungcancer pathogenesis,...