the cause of indoor air pollution
Tài liệu A REVIEW OF INDOOR AIR POLLUTION AND HEALTH PROBLEMS FROM THE VIEWPOINT OF ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE: FOCUSING ON THE STUDIES OF INDOOR AIR ENVIRONMENT IN JAPAN COMPARED TO THOSE OF FOREIGN COUNTRIES pptx
... areas complained of narrowness of their houses in the 1960 s At the time, airtight houses started to be built in urban area, and air pollution due to a lack of fresh air because of the low ventilation ... occupants of newly built residence, small buildings, schools, and cars, have reported SHS The definition of SHS was proposed as “health impairments caused by indoor air pollution, regardless of the ... toxic Regarding indoor air pollution, the air concentration of some organic compounds is regulated The WHO has proposed guideline value of organic compounds,67) as has The Ministry of Health, Labor...
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Impact of indoor air pollution on health, comfort and productivity of the occupants pot
... 1994b) Indoor environment The quality of the indoor environment reflects on the health, comfort and productivity of individuals in buildings The main reason for the lack of awareness of the problems ... health or the synergetic effect of these factors may be the cause of health related problems in buildings The following list covers the broad areas of sources of indoor pollution. " Materials - - formaldehyde, ... and other professionals, financiers and developers, is necessary There is a very wide range of potential indoor air pollution sources, the effects of which may impinge on human health or the synergetic...
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Tài liệu Respiratory health effects of indoor air pollution docx
... countries The amount of time that children and/ or women spend in proximity to fires is the crucial determinant of the health impact of indoor air pollution. 20 For other health outcomes, the adverse ... Although the fraction of time spent indoors is less in rural than in urban areas, individual exposures are often huge due to high concentrations of pollutants in indoor air Therefore, indoor exposure, ... problem in industrialized countries.9,10 INDOOR AIR POLLUTION IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES Household use of solid fuels is the most widespread source of indoor air pollution worldwide; solid fuels are...
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Addressing the Links between Indoor Air Pollution, Household Energy and Human Health potx
... Case Study | The Health Burden of Indoor Air Pollution Exposure Levels of Smoke Pollution page: 17 What Should We Be Measuring? Case Study Health Effects of Exposure to Indoor Air Pollution Conditions ... | The Health Burden of Indoor Air Pollution Exposure Levels of Smoke Pollution Studies from countries in Asia, Africa and the Americas have measured levels of indoor air pollution associated ... known about the effects of environmental tobacco smoke and urban outdoor air pollution, and the evidence from animal studies Indoor Air Pollution and the Global Burden of Disease Taken together, estimates...
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210. With Solid Fuels, a Deadly Risk of Indoor Air Pollution pptx
... The report is called "Fuel for Life: Household Energy and Health." It can be found on the World Health Organization Web site at w-h-o dot i-n-t (who.int) Enter the words "Fuel for Life" in the ... Organization Web site at w-h-o dot i-n-t (who.int) Enter the words "Fuel for Life" in the search box at the top This VOA Special English Development Report was written by Lawan Davis Read and listen to...
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Addressing the Impact of Household Energy and Indoor Air Pollution on the Health of the Poor: Implications for Policy Action and Intervention Measures pot
... reported hours spent near the stove, and whether the child is carried on the |9 Addressing the Impact of Household Energy and Indoor Air Pollution on the Health of the Poor Implications for Policy ... relationship between indoor air pollution and health, nevertheless they may also cause a variety of altered states and behaviours, which may not be directly related to the impact of indoor air pollution ... oil equivalent – the amount of oil that would have supplied the same amount of energy | 19 Addressing the Impact of Household Energy and Indoor Air Pollution on the Health of the Poor Implications...
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Estimating the burden of disease attributable to indoor air pollution from household use of solid fuels in South Africa in 2000 pdf
... logarithm of the published RR estimates as the entered means of the distribution and the standard errors of these RR estimates derived from the published 95% CIs (Table I) For each of the output ... Addressing the Impact of Household Energy and Indoor Air Pollution on the Health of the Poor Geneva: World Health Organization, 2002 44 Bruce N, Rehfuess E, Mehta S, Hutton G, Smith K Indoor air pollution ... possible risk The attributable fraction of disease burden in the population is determined by the prevalence of exposure to the risk factor in the population and the relative risk (RR) of disease...
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Welfare Analysis Of Controlling Indoor Air Pollution (The Case Of Urban Ethiopia)
... with their effect on the living condition of the people For instance, taxing or charging these commodities is one method of controlling the air pollution by discouraging the consumption of these ... to check first the effect of the policy on the welfare of the society and tries to compare whether the gain from the implementation of the environmental policy does compensate the welfare loss ... Objectives of the Study The main objectives of the paper are: To see empirically the welfare effects of controlling indoor air pollution in urban Ethiopia Hence, the paper tries to investigate whether...
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Tài liệu Indoor Air Pollution: The Quiet Killer pptx
... blindness In the case of ARI, the mothers of young children were asked whether the child had been ill with a cough during the two weeks before the survey and, if so, whether the child breathed faster ... for action Air pollution is all too visible to city residents, and it poses risks to the health of all who breathe polluted air Yet in rural areas of developing countries, indoor air pollution ... Recognizing the adverse health consequences of indoor air pollution is easier than addressing the problem effectively Widespread adoption of cleaner fuels probably would most to reduce indoor air pollution, ...
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Tài liệu MEASUREMENTS OF OUTDOOR AIR POLLUTION FROM SECONDHAND SMOKE ON THE UMBC CAMPUS pdf
... level: The downwind concentration at any location is directly proportional to the mass emission rate of the source The more turbulent the atmosphere, the more rapid the spread of the plume in the ... series of experiments were conducted on Thursday, April 14th to measure the concentration of SHS as a function of distance from the source Based on the results of the controlled experiment of April ... Figure shows the data for RSP and PPAH for each of the experiments as the ring diameter is increased Figure shows the data for each of the experiments as a function of time, numbers of smokers...
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Indoor Air Pollution Associated with Household Fuel Use in India: An exposure assessment and modeling exercise in rural districts of Andhra Pradesh, India doc
... organizations, or those of the Executive Directors of The World Bank or the governments they represent The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work The boundaries, ... put the figure at to percent of the national burden of disease These estimates, derived from household fuel-use statistics in India and epidemiological studies of the risk of indoor air pollution ... develop ways of determining pollution exposure, a measure combining the number of people, the level of pollution, and the amount of time spent breathing it, as an indicator of where the health...
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AIR POLLUTION, HEALTH, AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS: THE EFFECT OF OUTDOOR AIR QUALITY ON CHILDHOOD ASTHMA pptx
... account for the endogeneity of household responses to pollution Fifth, to assess if the effect of pollution varies across different segments of the population, I allow the effect of pollution to ... everyone is unaware of the amount of pollution in the air Therefore, ambient levels of pollution would serve as an unbiased proxy for an individual’s exposure to pollution and pollution levels would ... time-series of pollution at the zip code level, I first calculated the coordinates for the centroid of each zip code in California Using the reported coordinates of the EPA monitors, I then measured the...
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INDOOR AIR POLLUTION - Children''''s Health and the Environment potx
... on the adult airway is much less dramatic than it is on the newborn’s airway One millimetre of oedema reduces the diameter of the adult airway by about 19% whereas it reduces the diameter of the ... J Vizcarra Environmental Air Pollution Indoor Air Pollution INDOOR AIR POLLUTION ALSO AFFECTS OUTDOOR AIR QUALITY Nigel Bruce/ITDG Indoor smoke polluting the ambient air in a small village in ... in the air was 43 CFU/m3 in homes of patients and CFU/m3 in homes of controls Viable S atra was detected in filter cassette samples of the air in the homes of of patients and of 27 controls The...
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Indoor Air Pollution: National Burden of Disease Estimates ppt
... who spend the most time near the domestic hearth The World Health Organization has assessed, for the first time, the burden of disease from indoor air pollution at the national level The approach ... among adults Only these three diseases were included in the assessment of the burden of disease from indoor air pollution Globally, reliance on solid fuels has emerged as one of the ten most important ... investigating the contribution of a range of risk factors, such as malnutrition, smoking and lack of access to water and sanitation, to the burden of disease Assessing the burden of disease from indoor air...
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The Local Benefits of Global Air Pollution Control in Mexico City - Final Report of the Second Phase of the Integrated Environmental Strategies Program in Mexico ppt
... for 2003-2010 The LPG leaks reduction measure, on the other hand, has low costs because of the low unit costs for each stove repair Benefits are much larger than the costs because of the significant ... stand, or another form of coordinated operation Consequently, we shall not consider this element of the program in the analysis The fourth goal of the program is to improve the income of the taxi ... in models of so-called “rational scrappage”, where the optimal decision of the owner to keep or scrap the vehicle is based on the minimization of the present value of the costs from the two alternatives,...
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báo cáo hóa học: " Car indoor air pollution - analysis of potential sources Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology 2011, 6:33 doi:10.1186/1745-6673-6-33" docx
... concerning air pollution Air pollution is the emission of toxic elements into the atmosphere by natural or anthropogenic sources These sources can be further differentiated into either mobile ... matter exposure It can be stated that although there is a large amount of data present for outdoor air pollution, research in the area of indoor air quality in vehicles is still limited Especially, ... Also, the levels of the same chemicals were measured in the private houses of the car vendors for comparative purposes The authors used passive samplers over a consecutive time period of days...
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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING - INDOOR AIR POLLUTION docx
... undiluted on the roof and in the lee of the building, where they can enter the building air intakes either on the roof or at ground level When this happens, all the care taken in the design of a good ... installed in the penthouse and in the basement Because of the possibility of recirculating fumes released from or near the roof, outdoor air is often taken at the second floor level on the prevailing ... is on the roof Then all exhaust ductwork will be on the suction side of the fan and indoors But this is not always possible If the fan location must be indoors, say just above the hood, then careful...
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Tài liệu THE EFECT OF MAKEUP AIR ON KITCHEN HOODS ppt
... a double layer of perforated plates may be used to improve the uniformity of airflow In addition, greater distance between the lower capture edge of the hood and the bottom of the face discharge ... viable Air Curtain Supply Most hood manufacturers recommend limiting the percentage of MUA supplied through an air curtain to less than 20% of the hood’s exhaust flow At such Impact of air low air ... increase in the plenum discharge area lowers the velocity for a given flow of MUA and reduces the chance of it affecting C&C If the perforated perimeter supply is extended along the sides of the hood...
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Tài liệu INTERIOR LANDSCAPE PLANTS FOR INDOOR AIR POLLUTION ABATEMENT ppt
... formaldehyde The screening the first year of studies, the second of chemicals, of which indication of one or more of these chemicals, During methods Results the final of benzene in the plants Trichloroethylene ... interact of these chemicals The problems over the symptoms and reactive of indoor past Manchester, and high-tech with each other ten byproducts air pollution years.(1-27) England, off-gas hundreds of ... food into the room for microorganisms Gas chromatograph-mass air; move and source; from the To date, air organic were conducted the air inside the sealed indoor air pollutants them in the filter...
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Tài liệu Influence of future air pollution mitigation strategies on total aerosol radiative forcing pdf
... composition The influence of changes in the aerosol composition are reflected in the changes of the microphysical aging time of BC and POM The microphysical aging time is defined as the ratio of the burden ... 2006a) The prognostic treatment of the aerosol size distribution, mixing state, and composition allows the explicit simulation of the aerosol optical properties within the framework of the Mie theory ... , with a cooling of the atmosphere due to less absorbing aerosols present in the same magnitude (−0.14 W/m2 ) To further improve the understanding of the implications of air pollution policies...
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