... conceive of buildings in terms of parti, or the geometrical underpinnings that
inform one’s composition as a whole and the interrelationships of its parts. This
2
᪉
TheArtof Building inthe Classical ... in a certain
kind of seeing that is relevant to the question of ideai inthe realm ofart and
building.
Pollitt’s characterization ofthe viewer’s unfolding experience ofthe sleeping
hermaphrodite ... conception ofthe canons of its
methods of production.
Nonetheless, inthe face of each of these pitfalls and several others, the biggest
challenge of interpretation may be the challenge to interpret....
... covers the workhorse
of debugging, the breakpoint, discussing all the ins and outs—setting, delet-
ing, and disabling breakpoints; moving from one breakpoint to the next;
viewing detailed information ... effectively
display the information of interest each time the program pauses. And we
xii Preface
www.it-ebooks.info
GDBGDB
THE ART OF
DEBUGGING
WITH GDB, DDD,
AND ECLIPSE
THE ART OF
DEBUGGING
WITH GDB, ... command:
(gdb) clear 30
Now run the program again, in GDB:
32 Chapter 1
www.it-ebooks.info
1.3.3 Other Debugging Principles
Start small
At the beginning ofthedebugging process, you should run...
... sections ofthe pro-
gram, helping to focus more attention on these sections during the
computer-based testing processes (one ofthetesting principles of
Chapter 2).
26 TheArtofSoftware Testing
01.qxd ... definition oftesting that is, the assumption that
testing is the process of showing that the program functions correctly.
Once again, the definition oftesting is the process of executing a
program ... consist
of two components:
1. A description ofthe input data to the program.
2. A precise description ofthe correct output ofthe program
for that set of input data.
14 TheArtofSoftware Testing
01.qxd...
... point ofsoftware isn’t
necessarily to engross your users inthe experience of using the software, it
is to keep them focused on the ultimate goals they’re trying to accomplish
in using the software, ... amount of attention to the fourth wall.
They attempt to keep the audience in a constant state of high engagement
through theartof good lmmaking. Theartof lmmaking helps them build
and maintain ... determined by the accumulation of all the various
aspects ofthe UX while using the software. Design issues tend to weigh dispro-
portionately on the user’s impression ofthe trustworthiness of the...
... sections ofthe pro-
gram, helping to focus more attention on these sections during the
computer-based testing processes (one ofthetesting principles of
Chapter 2).
26 TheArtofSoftware Testing
01.qxd ... consist
of two components:
1. A description ofthe input data to the program.
2. A precise description ofthe correct output ofthe program
for that set of input data.
14 TheArtofSoftware Testing
01.qxd ... amount of creativity.
Summary
As you proceed through this book, keep in mind these three impor-
tant principles of testing:
ã Testing is the process of executing a program with the intent of
finding...
... Testing 123
Function Testing 129
System Testing 130
Facility Testing 133
Volume Testing 133
Stress Testing 134
Usability Testing 135
Security Testing 137
Performance Testing 137
Storage Testing ... software testing. They, too, took a more
transient approach to the topic.
Myers’s TheArtofSoftware Testing, on the other hand, gave the
industry a long-lasting, foundational guide to one ofthe ... Compatibility/Configuration/Conversion Testing 138
Installability Testing 139
Reliability Testing 139
Recovery Testing 141
Serviceability Testing 142
Documentation Testing 142
Procedure Testing 142
Performing the System...
... state-
ment inthe following PL/1 program:
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supplementing these test cases by examining the logic ofthe pro-
gram, using white-box ... administrator of the
process. The administrator, in turn, selects approximately 6 to 20 par-
ticipants (6 is the minimum to preserve anonymity). The participants
40 TheArtofSoftware Testing
01.qxd ... two other properties:
1. It reduces, by more than a count of one, the number of other
test cases that must be developed to achieve some predefined
goal of “reasonable” testing.
52 TheArtof Software...
... expression inthe program were
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instance, perhaps the MTEST program ofthe previous section fails if
the product ofthe number of questions ... Software Testing
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displays the words containing the six bytes starting at location 77F,
and
DISPLAY 50FF-END
displays the words containing the bytes inthe address ... linked with the
E constraint, as shown in Figure 4.10.
70 TheArtofSoftware Testing
Figure 4.8
Constraint symbols.
01.qxd 4/29/04 4:33 PM Page 70
Figure 4.14
Complete cause-effect graph of...
... initial step in structuring thetestingof a large program: module
testing. Chapter 6 discusses the remaining steps.
Module testing (or unit testing) is a process oftestingthe individ-
ual ... module
testing eases the task ofdebugging (the process of pinpointing and
correcting a discovered error), since, when an error is found, it is
known to exist in a particular module. Finally, module testing ... doing this are threefold. First, module testing is a way
of managing the combined elements of testing, since attention is
focused initially on smaller units ofthe program. Second, module
testing...
... use them are tested.
Bottom-up Testing
The next step is to examine the bottom-up incremental testing
strategy. For the most part, bottom-up testing is the opposite of
top-down testing; the advantages ... advantages of top-down testing become the
disadvantages of bottom-up testing, and the disadvantages of top-
down testing become the advantages of bottom-up testing. Because
of this, the discussion of ... bottom-up testing is shorter.
The bottom-up strategy begins with the terminal modules in the
program (the modules that do not call other modules). After these
116 TheArtofSoftware Testing
02.qxd...
... processing
time—which is frequently the case if thesoftware is accessing
a remote system—then a message should be displayed
informing the user of what is going on.
136 TheArtofSoftware Testing
02.qxd ... challenge in
planning, monitoring, and controlling thetesting process. In fact, the
problem is so enormous that we could devote an entire book to just
the management ofsoftware testing. The intent of ... formal instruction exist on the process of debugging.
Although this is a book about software testing, not debugging, the
two processes are obviously related. Ofthe two aspects of debugging,
locating...
... expected.
Debugging by Testing
The last “thinking type” debugging method is the use of test cases.
This probably sounds a bit peculiar since the beginning of this chap-
ter distinguishes debugging from testing. ... more than
the cost of initially anticipating and coding the requirement. Finally,
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Extreme Testing 181
continuous testing principle ... on the task at hand, adding value to a software prod-
178 TheArtofSoftware Testing
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Debugging Principles
In this section, we want to discuss a set of debugging...
... and performing code reviews.
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bility ofthe Internet, competition inthe business-to-consumer arena
is intense. Thus, the Internet ... test against.
Business Layer Testing
Business layer testing focuses on finding errors inthe business logic of
your Internet application. You will find this layer very similar to test-
ing stand-alone ... very
quickly. The planning for recovery begins in obtaining valid backups.
If you cannot recover the database during recoverability testing, then
you need to modify your backup plan.
212 TheArtof Software...
... process of executing a program, or a discrete program
unit, with the intent of finding errors.
top-down testing. A form of incremental module testingin which
the initial module is tested first, then ... part ofthetesting cycle
to detect errors. Usually a group of people act as a “computer” to
process a small set of test cases.
white-box testing. A type oftestingin which you examine the inter-
nal ... certain workloads or
configurations.
random-input testing. The processes oftesting a program by ran-
domly selecting a subset of all possible input values.
security testing. A form of system testing...
... itself. Therefore, we will start our discussion ofsoftware
testing with these issues before we delve into the more technical nature ofthe topic.
The Psychology ofTesting
One ofthe primary ... Within the body ofthe
DO loop is a set of nested IF statements. Determining the
number of unique logic paths is the same as determining the total number of unique ways of
moving from point ... exercises.”
So, the purpose of this updated edition ofTheArtofSoftwareTesting is the same as it was in
1979: to fill these knowledge gaps for the professional programmer and the student of computer...