... measure of how intense the light is
– the larger the amplitude, the brighter the light
ã
the wavelength, () is a measure ofthe distance
covered by the wave
the distance from one crest to the ... proportional to the amplitude
and frequency ofthe waves
the larger the wave amplitude, the more force it has
the more frequently the waves strike, the more total
force there is
Tro, Chemistry: ... Waves
ã
the frequency, () is the number of waves that
pass a point in a given period of time
the number of waves = number of cycles
units are hertz, (Hz) or cycles/s = s
-1
1 Hz = 1 s
-1
ã
the...
... counted the interactions, we excluded all residues
involved in the binding ofthe metal cofactor.
ApeSODs in different forms were superimposed with the
least square fit of Ca atoms ofthe residues ... the ter-
tiary structureof ApeSOD has not been elucidated.
In the present study, for the first time, we describe the
crystal structureof ApeSOD. In particular, we focus
on the coordination of ... ligand,
NE2 of His31, bound to the metal, in the company of
a water oxygen, from the apical positions. The manga-
nese was only 0.06 A
˚
out ofthe equatorial plane
(Table 3). The angles around the metal...
... especially
thosewhoholdgeneralbachelor’sdegrees,theirqualificationsserveonlyasasignal
of theirpotentialtoemployers.Inmanycases,theytakelongertorealiseemployment
andwhentheydotheirentryleveljobsdonotnecessarilyrequire the years of schooling
theypossess.Theystartat the bottom ofthe jobladderandhavetoprovethemselves
in the labourmarkettoreachhigherincomelevels.Acombination of theirpotential
andtrainingwilldeterminetheirprogressionup the ladder.Aswillbeseenin the next
section, the field of study,whichsignals the type of skillsacquiredthrougheducation,
playsasignificantroleinemployability of universitygraduatesinthiscase.
PercyMoleke
Free ... 4
PercyMoleke
5
InequalitiesinHigherEducationand theStructureofthe LabourMarket
Despite the observedsignificantincreasesin the number of seniorcertificateholders
in the pastdecade, the proportion of learnerswhoactuallysitfor the examremains
low. The quality ofthe seniorcertificateexamalsocontinuestobe of concern. The
largemajority of learnersstillopttowrite the seniorcertificateexamon the standard
graderatherthanon the highergrade.Consequently, the proportion of thosepassing
with ... 14
PercyMoleke
15
InequalitiesinHigherEducationand theStructureofthe LabourMarket
ineducationorin the labourmarket,havedonelittletoaddress the inequalities of
the past. The lack of labour marketinformation...
... to the
intensification ofthe sovereign debt crisis in the euro area. The pricing of risk in the repo market has
become more dependent on the geographic origin of both the counterparty and the ... maintaining the
integrity ofthe single market.
Finally, Chapter 5 draws together the analysis ofthe previous chapters. It reiterates the importance
of banks in the EU economy, summarises the key ... mandate, the Group also expects the on-going fundamental reviewof
the trading book by the Basel Committee to improve the control of market risk within the banking
system.
The Group sees the Commission's...
... of SAIL
Fig. 3. Secondary structureof At3g16450.1. (A) Ribbon representa-
tion ofthe NMR structureof At3g16450.1. These figures were pre-
pared using
MOLMOL [25]. Due to the lack of NOEs, the ... constraints.
Solution structureof SAIL At3g16450.1
Assignment ofthe NOE peaks of At3g16450.1 and the
structure determination were accomplished by use of
the cyana program [17,18]. The structural statistics ... Three-dimensional NMR structureof At3g16450.1. (A)
Superposition ofthe 20 energy-minimized conformers that repre-
sent the 3D solution structureofthe N-terminal domain. (B) Super-
position of conformers...
... reveals
that the most similar regions of these proteinases medi-
ate interaction ofthe two b-barrels, formation of the
catalytic machinery and structures required for binding
of the main chain ofthe ... Asp189 at the bottom ofthe pocket determines
the specificity ofthe S1 pocket for basic residues Arg
and Lys at position P1 ofthe substrate. Consequently,
in the DESC1 complex structurethe bound ... below). The southern boundary of
the active site cleft of DESC1 is formed by the 145
autolysis loop. The backbone of this loop differs mark-
edly from the other serine proteinases, making the act-
ive...
... determines the shape of the
active site entry. (e) Thestructureofthe active site is
essentially identical with the active sites ofthe MshB
and LpxC proteins. The conservation of catalytically
important ... moiety. The protein
coordinates zinc with the N
d
atom of His12, one of the
O
d
atoms of Asp15 and the N
e
atom of His113.
His113 protrudes from helix a4 whereas His12 and
Asp15 both belong to the ... studying the corresponding
proteins of B. anthracis because it lacks infectiousness
of the latter. The objective ofthe present study is to
shed light on the structure, function and thestructure
function...
... information on the heme pocket
structure. As shown in Table 2, the hyperfine splitting
constants of the
15
N nucleus ofthe distal NO and of
the
14
N nucleus ofthe proximal His ofthe GmHO-1
complex ... against
the concentration of azide of each solution. The intersection
point corresponding to the mole fraction of 0.5 of the
respective forms gives the amount of azide necessary to
attain the equilibrium, ... characteristics
of the heme pocket of GmHO-1 might be associated
with the smaller values of K
azide
for GmHO-1 and
SynHO-1, and with the ferric character ofthe heme.
The K
imidazole
values ofthe three...
... the large P6
extension and the last three nucleotides (AU XG) ofthe intron. The
sizes ofthe intron (InDG
b
) and 5Â exon (5E) are indicated. The arrow
indicates cleavage ofthe pre-RNA at the ... Because of these
and other properties of Cr.LSU, the tertiary structureofthe intron from
23S.5DG
b
was examined using Fe
2+
-EDTA cleavage. The ground-state
structure shows evidence of an unusually ... minimum of n Mg
2+
ions leads to formation of the
active complex, whereas binding of a minimum of m
Mn
2+
ions forms the inactive complex. The sizes of
the active and inactive fractions are the result...
... confirming that
the mutation of Tyr186 to Phe186 does not grossly perturb the
overall framework ofthe enzyme or the active site. The active sites
of the enzymes are shown in stick format with the sigmaA ... bond in
close proximity ofthe N5 atom. A putative flipping
motion ofthe progesterone molecule along an axis
parallel to the FMN plane aligns the C1-C2 with the
plane ofthe isoalloxazine ring ... and is similar to thestructureof the
oxidized enzyme-inhibitor complex. The reactive C1-C2 unsaturated bond
of the steroid is inappropriately orientated with the flavin N5 atom for
hydride transfer....
... [18]. Thestructureofthe helical
coil a
2
/a
3
allows us to interpret the consequences of the
six mutations. As P153(152) and G162(161) are buried in
the protein core, replacement of each of these ... cluster in these two regions. Know-
ledge ofthestructureof a larger portion of MeCP2
including the transcriptional repression domain would
resolve these speculations and clarify the role of the
helical ... subsequent
structure calculations. These newly calculated structures
were then used for the next step in the iteration process. This
procedure was continued until the quality ofthe structure
could...
... 269) 427
[26,27]. Then, the biosynthesis ofthe core region of LPS
from A. baumannii strain ATCC 19606 should proceed with
the introduction of a third Kdo residue to O-5 ofthe second
Kdo. This ... [19]. The mechanism of
the transfer ofthe third Kdo residue has not yet been
identiđed.
In addition to the work on the determination of the
chemical and antigenic structures of O-speciđc polysaccha-
rides ... genus which
obviously allows novel insights in structure, genetics and
biosynthesis of LPS. Here, the structures ofthe carbohy-
drate backbones ofthe LPS from A. baumannii strain
ATCC 19606 are...
... has the
D
configuration.
On the basis ofthe data obtained, it was concluded that
the O-polysaccharide P. mirabilis G1 has the structure
shown in Fig. 3. This structure is similar to that of the
O-polysaccharide ... experi-
ments. The following structureofthe polysaccharide was
established:
where
D
-GalA6(
L
-Lys) stands for N
a
-(
D
-galacturonoyl)-
L
-lysine. Thestructureofthe O-polysaccharide of
P. mirabilis ... relatedness of P. mirabilis G1 and S 1959
correlated with the similarity ofthe chemical structures of
their O-polysaccharides (Fig. 3). Therefore, it is reasonable
to classify P. mirabilis G1 into the...
... ofthe standard
cysteine residue in the
DYANA library [53]. A pseudoatom
was included instead ofthe HG atom and a bridge was
formed by superimposition ofthe pseudoatoms on the SG
atoms ofthe ... found.
Several of these were identified in previous studies of EGF,
and the backbone fold ofthe chimera is clearly similar to
those ofthe EGF structures. The presence of a backbone
hydrogen bond from the ... the
calculation ofthe chimera structure, this provides strong
evidence that the overall structure is unchanged by the
modification ofthe sequence.
Given that the solution structureof mEGF/TGFa
44250
was...