stringtree correspondence grammar a declarative grammar formalism
Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "STRING-TREE CORRESPONDENCE GRAMMAR: A DECLARATIVE GRAMMAR FORMALISM FOR DEFINING THE CORRESPONDENCE BETWEEN STRINGS OF TERMS AND TREE STRUCTURES" pdf
Ngày tải lên :
22/02/2014, 10:20
... 83] [Vauquois
& Chappuy 85]. The Static Grammar (shortly later
renamed the Structural Correspondence Specification
Grammar) , was designed to be a declarative grammar
formalism for defining ... transla-
tion of natural languages, COLGATE Universit~
New York, August 1985.
[Zaharin 86]
Zaharin Y.
"Strategies and heuristics in the analysis of
a natural language in machine translation". ...
quite a simple process to transfer applications in
the Static Grammar into STCG applications. Like the
Static Grammar, the STCG is basically a formalism
for specification, but given its formal...
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Báo cáo khoa học: "FUNCTIONAL UNIFICATION GRAMMAR: A FORMALISM FOR MACHINE TRANSLATION" doc
Ngày tải lên :
17/03/2014, 19:21
... FUNCTIONAL UNIFICATION GRAMMAR:
A FORMALISM FOR MACHINE TRANSLATION
Martin Kay
Xerox Palo Alto Research Center
3333 Coyote Hill Road
Palo Alto
California 94304
and
CSLI, Stanford
Abstract ... elementary events take
place is of little importance. Lexical Functional Grammar and
Generalized Phrase-Structure grammar share these relational and
monotonic properties. They are also characteristics ... steps in a carefully
prescribed order.
• These advantages are available in large measure through
a class of formal devices that are slowly gaining acceptance in
linguistics and which are based...
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Báo cáo khoa học: "INCORPORATING INHERITANCE AND FEATURE STRUCTURES INTO A LOGIC GRAMMAR FORMALISM" pptx
Ngày tải lên :
31/03/2014, 17:20
...
focussed around the application of unification to
an informational structure that maps attribute
names (also called feature names, slot names, or
labels) to values (Kay, 198 4a; Kay, 1984b; ... (number@singular,
person@third) ,
subject @ (agreement@X))
INHERITANCE GRAMMARS
An IG consists of several IS -A statements
and several
grammar
rul¢~. A grammar rule is
a definite clause which ... instead of "-,
the rule is treated as a context-free grammar
rule and the interpreter automatically appends
two additional arguments
(start
and end) to
facilitate parsing. The final...
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Cambridge.University.Press.A.Student.Grammar.of.Spanish.Feb.2006.pdf
Ngày tải lên :
21/09/2012, 10:39
... bed la lima file
la crema (M)cream la trama plot
la estratagema stratagem la yema yolk, fingertip
la forma form
-dad
la agilidad agility la severidad severity
la ansiedad anxiety la sociedad society
la ... are masculine:
el carisma, cisma (schism),clima, cometa (comet), delta, d´ a (day), emblema, mapa, planeta,
problema, tranv´ a (streetcar / tram).
In all these cases, save d´ a, mapa, and tranv´ a, ... same, one is always lost in rapid speech: la ayuda =
l’ayuda, para agradecerle = par’agradecerle. Note the very common, colloquial Mexican
expression for many: hasta pa’aventar pa’arriba (hasta...
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Downing - English Grammar - A University Course 2e
Ngày tải lên :
18/10/2013, 17:15
... in Chapter 2.
In a typical active declarative clause such as this, Agent, Subject and Theme coincide
and are realised in one wording, in this case Janice. But in natural language use, a
situation ... declarative clauses. Compare:
Declarative negative: Nobody has called this afternoon.
Interrogative negative: Has nobody called this afternoon?
Hasn’t anybody called this afternoon?
When both are ... and
• five chapters dealing similarly with nominal, verbal, adjectival, adverbial and
prepositional groups and phrases.
In each case the aim is that of describing each pattern or structural element...
- 640
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A Student Grammar of Spanish - Number
Ngày tải lên :
01/11/2013, 06:20
... alicate pliers
*la braga panties, knickers
*la escalera stairs
la estad´ıstica statistics
*la gente people
*la malla tights
*el pantal´on pants, trousers
el pijama / la piyama (M) pajamas
*la pinza ... edificio
El ´arbol est´aenelparque La hoz est´aenlamonta˜na
El gato est a cerca de (near) la puerta La naci´on est a contenta
El l´apiz est´aenlamesa La ni ˜na est a feliz
La flor est´aenelflorero La tribu ... siguiente
Caminar (M)/andar hasta Correos
No manejar un carro (M)/conducir un coche
(Yo) entrar en la cocina y abrir la ventana
Regresar a casa
Escribir una carta en la mesa
Los amigos vivir en Estados...
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Tài liệu A Student Grammar of French pptx
Ngày tải lên :
18/02/2014, 23:20
... straightforward and vibrant like vocabulary, especially when the latter tends
towards the informal and slang. The mortar of language (grammar) is never so interesting
as the bricks (vocabulary). ... a means of making sure that we have assimilated the grammatical points being
illustrated.
This Student Grammar of French is aimed at meeting all those needs. It is conceived in such a
way that ... others. This grammar book takes as its
basis the variety of French that oscillates between standard French – the French used for
news broadcasts and in good-quality newspapers and magazines – and the...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "Translating a Unification Grammar with Disjunctions into Logical Constraints" pdf
Ngày tải lên :
20/02/2014, 18:20
... unification-based approach is
that it enables us to describe grammar declaratively,
making the development and amendment of grammar
easy.
Analysis systems that are based on unification gram-
mars can ... Translating a Unification Grammar with Disjunctions into Logical Constraints
Mikio Nakano and Akira Shimazu*
NTT Basic Research Laboratories
3-1 Morinosato-Wakamiya, Atsugi 243-0198 Japan ... presented a method for translating a grammar
formalism with disjunctive information that is based on
path equations and lists of pairs of labels and values
into logical-constraint-based grammar representations,...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "Using an Annotated Corpus as a Stochastic Grammar" ppt
Ngày tải lên :
22/02/2014, 10:20
... ~ A may be
40
M. Marcus, 1991. "Very Large Annotated Database of
America~ English".
DARPA Speech and Naawal
Language Workshop, ~ Grove, Morgan
Kaufmarm.
F. Pereira and Y. Schabes, ...
Reestimation from Partially Bracketed Corlmra',
Proceedings ACY., 92,
Newark.
P. Resnik, 1992. "Probabilistic Tree-Adjoining
Grammar as a Framework for Statistical Natural
Language ...
the Air Travel Information System (ATIS)
spoken language corpus. Preliminary
experiments yield 96% test set parsing
accuracy.
1 Motivation
As soon as a formal grammar characterizes a non-...
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Báo cáo khoa học: "Evaluating a Crosslinguistic Grammar Resource: A Case Study of Wambaya" pot
Ngày tải lên :
08/03/2014, 01:20
... the Grammar Matrix as a crosslinguistic resource,
as one goal of the Grammar Matrix is to reduce the
cost of developing precision grammars. The fact
that a grammar capable of assigning valid analy-
ses ... that have not yet been analyzed (cf. Bald-
win et al, 2005).
5 Conclusion
This paper has presented a precision, hand-built
grammar for the Australian language Wambaya, and
through that grammar ... Wambaya, illustrating its semantic represen-
tations and analyses and measuring its performance
against held-out data. I hope to have shown the
grammar to be reasonably substantial, and thus an
interesting...
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Báo cáo khoa học: "Automatic Induction of a CCG Grammar for Turkish" pptx
Ngày tải lên :
17/03/2014, 06:20
... emphasize that the predicate is intransitive and it
may have a locative adjunct. Similarly, a T.OBJECT
link is added from “kitap” to “okudu˘gum”. Similar
labels were added to the treebank manually ... for ap-
proximately 800 sentences.
(9) a. Uyudu˘gum araba yandı.
Sleep+PASTPART car burn+PAST.
The car I slept in burned.
b. Okudu˘gum kitap yandı.
Read+PASTPART book burn+PAST.
The book I read ... categorial and phrase structure grammars. In
Language and Information ed. Bar-Hillel, Addison-
Wesley, pages 99–115.
Yehoshua Bar-Hillel. 1953. A quasi-arithmetic descrip-
tion for syntactic description....
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Báo cáo khoa học: "Generating referring expressions with a unification grammar" doc
Ngày tải lên :
24/03/2014, 03:20
... and layout. To cover a large
range of styles, many patterns must be made avail-
able to the generator, even though only a fraction
are relevant for a particular company and a partic-
ular knowledge ... Hofmann. 1989. Paragraphs and anaphora.
Journal of Pragmatics, 13:239 250.
H. Horacek. 1997. An algorithm for generat-
ing referential descriptions with flexible inter-
faces. In 35th Annual ... of efficiency, ICONOCLAST employs
a top-down generator coupled with a unification
grammar. The grammar adheres strictly to Oc-
cain's razor: features or rules are admitted only
if they...
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Báo cáo khoa học: "A GENERATIVE GRAMMAR APPROACH FOR THE MORPHOLOGIC AND MORPHOSYNTACTIC ANALYSIS OF ITALIAN" ppt
Ngày tải lên :
24/03/2014, 05:21
... dv2. andar© v.intran.simple I
The other
sets
of data are contained in the Prolog workspace and
are structured as tables of a relational data base.
The set of the classes of endings is a table ... lemma I stem ending dam synt=categ label
matte matt
da_bello
adj.qualific. 1
mattino mattin dn_oggctto noun.common 3
di di prep.simple 2
andare vad dv 1 _andare v.intran.simple 1
andare and ... "stem" of a lemma with alterations, affixes, endings and enelities.
This grammar can both
generate
from a given lemma all the
current Italian words deriving from it and
analyze
a given word...
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chinese a comprehensive grammar
Ngày tải lên :
03/04/2014, 13:43
... HR xiangchang
'sausage', ^M xiangjiao 'banana', #A gutou 'bone', tt^f zhuzi 'pillar; column', YlJ- zhuzi
'bamboo'.)
yl gan qiang a rifle
(Also ... ba
'handle'
is
used
as a
classifier
for
things with
a
handle:
—fETJ
raters-?
-fcJE&l
Affilg
yi
ba dao
Hang
ba cud
san
ba
qiao
si
ba
shanzi
wii
ba san
liu
ba
saozhou
qi
... zhadan 'bomb', i^# zidan 'bullet', ^®# shouliudan 'hand-
grenade', '£> xln 'heart', 5FS yachi 'tooth', M xlng 'star', IS tang...
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- it combiens a strong grammar syllabus with the specialist vocabulary and skills that learnes need the succees in their chosen field
- grammar in a nutshell
- a practical english grammar
- advanced english c a e grammar practice 2
- a probabilistic contextfree grammar
- a logic grammar formalism
- evaluating a crosslinguistic grammar resource
- a declarative information extraction system
- a broadcoverage grammar checker
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