sql and relational theory c j date
sql and relational theory 2nd edition
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...
Scalar types in SQL 39
Type checking and coercion in SQL 40
Collations in SQL 42
Row and table types in SQL 43
Concluding remarks 45
Exercises 46
Chapter 3 Tuples and Relations, Rows and ... PM
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SQL and Relational Theory: How to Write Accurate SQL Code (2
nd
edition)
by C. J. Date
Copyright â 2012 C. J. Date. All rights reserved.
Printed in the United States of America.
... standard calls Core SQL or don’t have much to do with relational processing as such. Examples
here include the so called analytic or window (OLAP) functions; dynamic SQL; temporary tables; and...
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sql and relational theory
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... expanded cartesian product), cross product, cross join, and cartesian join; in fact, it’s really just a special
case of join, as we’ll see in Chapter 6.
Intersect
Returns a relation containing ... standard calls Core SQL or don’t have much to do with relational processing as such. Examples
here include the so called analytic or window (OLAP) functions; dynamic SQL; temporary tables; and ... using SQL relationally already—but they aren’t.
On the contrary, I observe much bad practice in current SQL usage. I even observe such practice being
recommended, in textbooks and similar publications,...
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view updating and relational theory
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...
Union and difference examples 220
More on predicates 223
Concluding remarks 224
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30 Chapter 2 / The Technical Context
subject to The Assignment Principle and because ... abbreviated titles alone (viz., SQL and Relational Theory and Database
Design and Relational Theory, respectively).
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The Technical Context / Chapter 2 17
A Note on Syntax ... e f a c e
This book is the third in a series. Its predecessors were as follows:
SQL and Relational Theory: How to Write Accurate SQL Code (2nd edition)
Database Design and Relational...
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An Introduction to Database Systems 8Ed - C J Date - Solutions Manual Episode 1 Part 1 pot
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... Recovery
16. Concurrency
Copyright (c) 2003 C. J. Date page fm.5
ã Read Chapters 3 and 4 very carefully.
ã Read Chapters 5, 6, 7, 9, and 10 carefully, but skip Chapter
8──except, probably, ... " ;SQL
legacy," and The Third Manifesto does include some specific
Copyright (c) 2003 C. J. Date page 1.4
them (they really aren't very difficult). Of course, the
exercises can ...
the commercial world and have to deal with SQL products; it's also
Copyright (c) 2003 C. J. Date page
fm.11
true that tradeoffs and compromises sometimes have to be made in a
commercial...
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An Introduction to Database Systems 8Ed - C J Date - Solutions Manual Episode 1 Part 2 potx
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...
retrieve all required stored record occurrences; next, construct
the required conceptual record occurrences; finally, construct the
Copyright (c) 2003 C. J. Date page 3.5
( EMP WHERE EMP# ... added to the
CELLAR table.
Copyright (c) 2003 C. J. Date page 2.3
both source and object form, in the dictionary). A
comprehensive dictionary will also include cross-reference
information, ... materialization, but
Copyright (c) 2003 C. J. Date page 1.13
*** End of Chapter 1 ***
Copyright (c) 2003 C. J. Date page 2.4
across several machines in the network (and, typically,
carried out...
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An Introduction to Database Systems 8Ed - C J Date - Solutions Manual Episode 1 Part 3 pdf
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... FETCH CS INTO :CS_S#, :CS_SN, :CS_ST, :CS_SC ;
print CS_S#, CS_SN, CS_ST, CS_SC ;
EXEC SQL OPEN CJ ;
DO for all J rows accessible via CJ ;
EXEC SQL FETCH CJ INTO :CJ _J# , :CJ_JN, :CJ_JC ; ... two cursors, CS and CJ, as follows:
EXEC SQL DECLARE CS CURSOR FOR
SELECT S.S#, S.SNAME, S.STATUS, S.CITY
FROM S
ORDER BY S# ;
EXEC SQL DECLARE CJ CURSOR FOR
SELECT J. J#, J. JNAME, J. CITY ... FETCH CJ INTO :CJ _J# , :CJ_JN, :CJ_JC ;
print CJ _J# , CJ_JN, CJ_JC ;
END DO ;
EXEC SQL CLOSE CJ ;
END DO ;
EXEC SQL CLOSE CS ;
4.6 The basic problem here is this: We need to "explode"...
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An Introduction to Database Systems 8Ed - C J Date - Solutions Manual Episode 1 Part 4 pptx
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... fact a scalar update operator
specifically, and might object, correctly, that scalar update
operators aren't part of the relational model. The discussion of
such operators in this chapter ... DOUBLE_R ( C CIRCLE ) UPDATES C ;
THE_R ( C ) := 2 * THE_R ( C ) ;
Copyright (c) 2003 C. J. Date page 5.6
that, by definition, THE_ operator invocations appear in source
positions──typically ... follows:
CIRCLE ( r, ctr )
/* returns the circle with radius r and center ctr */
The THE_ operators are:
THE_R ( c )
/* returns the length of the radius of circle c */
THE_CTR ( c )
/*...
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An Introduction to Database Systems 8Ed - C J Date - Solutions Manual Episode 1 Part 5 pptx
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... intellectual achievements of the
human race.
Copyright (c) 2003 C. J. Date page 7.2
axioms or laws, such as the laws of closure, commutativity,
associativity, and so on (closure is particularly ... named PNAME, has color COLOR
and weight WEIGHT, and is stored in a warehouse in city CITY.
ã J: Project J# is under way, is named JNAME, and is located
in city CITY.
ã SPJ: Supplier S# supplies ... P# P#,
PNAME NAME,
COLOR COLOR,
WEIGHT WEIGHT,
CITY CHAR }
PRIMARY KEY { P# } ;
VAR J BASE RELATION
{ J# J# ,
JNAME NAME,
CITY CHAR }
Copyright (c) 2003 C. J. Date page 6.8
──────────...
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An Introduction to Database Systems 8Ed - C J Date - Solutions Manual Episode 1 Part 6 pot
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... JOIN SPJ JOIN
( J RENAME CITY AS JCITY ) ) { SCITY, JCITY }
7.24 ( J JOIN SPJ JOIN S ) { P# }
7.25 ( ( ( J RENAME CITY AS JCITY ) JOIN SPJ JOIN
( S RENAME CITY AS SCITY ) )
WHERE JCITY ... P#, J# }
7.20 ( ( ( S RENAME CITY AS SCITY ) TIMES
( P RENAME CITY AS PCITY ) TIMES
( J RENAME CITY AS JCITY ) )
WHERE SCITY =/ PCITY
AND PCITY =/ JCITY
Copyright (c) 2003 C. J. Date ... Copyright (c) 2003 C. J. Date page 7.14
a special case of JOIN, what we really mean is that every specific
INTERSECT is a special case of some specific JOIN. Let S_JOIN be
such a specific...
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... S#:SX, CITY:CITYX )
AND J ( J# :JY, CITY:CITYY )
AND SPJ ( S#:SX, J# :JY ) )
8.15.24 PX WHERE EXISTS SX EXISTS JX EXISTS CITYX
( S ( S#:SX, CITY:CITYX )
AND J ( J# :JX, CITY:CITYX )
AND SPJ ( ... SPJX .J# = JX .J# )
8.13.24 SPJX.P# WHERE EXISTS SX EXISTS JX
( SX.CITY = JX.CITY AND
SPJX.S# = SX.S# AND
SPJX .J# = JX .J# )
8.13.25 SPJX .J# WHERE EXISTS SX EXISTS JX
( SX.CITY =/ JX.CITY AND ... SELECT J. CITY
FROM J
WHERE J. J# = SPJ .J# ) ;
Copyright (c) 2003 C. J. Date page
8.22
J ( J# :JX, CITY:'London' ) )
8.15.34 JX WHERE EXISTS PX
( SPJ ( P#:PX, J# :JX ) AND...
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... RESTRICT specification)
f. Accepted (project J4 and all shipments for project J4 are
deleted)
g. Accepted
h. Rejected (candidate key uniqueness violation)
Copyright (c) 2003 C. J. Date page ... SPJ, DELETE on S, DELETE on SPJ,
UPDATE on S.S#, UPDATE on S.CITY, UPDATE on SPJ.S#, UPDATE on
SPJ.QTY
p. UPDATE on SPJ.QTY
q. UPDATE on S.CITY
9.5
a. Accepted
b. Rejected (candidate ... UPDATE on S.CITY, UPDATE on J. CITY
i. INSERT on J, DELETE on S, DELETE on SPJ, UPDATE on S.CITY,
UPDATE on J. CITY, UPDATE on SPJ.S#, UPDATE on SPJ .J#
j. INSERT on P, DELETE on P, UPDATE...
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An Introduction to Database Systems 8Ed - C J Date - Solutions Manual Episode 1 Part 9 pot
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...
WHERE S.CITY <> P.CITY ;
10.18.3 CREATE VIEW SP
AS SELECT SPJ.S#, SPJ.P#, SUM ( SPJ.QTY ) AS QTY
FROM SPJ
GROUP BY SPJ.S#, SPJ.P# ;
10.18.4 CREATE VIEW JC
AS SELECT J. J#, J. CITY ...
FROM J
WHERE J. J# IN ( SELECT SPJ .J#
FROM SPJ
WHERE SPJ.S# = S# ( 'S1' ) )
AND J. J# IN ( SELECT SPJ .J#
FROM SPJ
WHERE SPJ.P# = P# ( 'P1' ) ) ;
10.19 The criticism ... a given
Copyright (c) 2003 C. J. Date page 10.9
the complicated business of how they interact with each other and
with "WITHOUT CHECK OPTION"──can be found in reference [4.20]....
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An Introduction to Database Systems 8Ed - C J Date - Solutions Manual Episode 1 Part 10 pot
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... (b ,c) appears in Y, whence tuple t = (a,b ,c) appears in the join
of X and Y. █
The section also leaves as an exercise detailed consideration
of how replacing SECOND by SC and CS overcomes certain ... this chapter and the next) are basically just
formalized common sense──but formalizing common sense is a neat
trick! (and not easy to do).
BCNF and FD preservation can be conflicting objectives ... necessary in today's products, given their
weak logical/physical separation).
Copyright (c) 2003 C. J. Date page 11.10
*** End of Chapter 11 ***
Copyright (c) 2003 C. J. Date...
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... independent projections──though as
we know, this objective and the objective of decomposing to
5NF, or even just to BCNF, can unfortunately be in conflict.)
Copyright (c) 2003 C. J. Date page ... there's no
(P2 ,J2 ) tuple in PJ; hence the final result is SPJ once again.
Copyright (c) 2003 C. J. Date page 13.6
4. Every projection should be needed in the reconstruction
process. (This ... address) can be
represented by an appearance of DISCOUNT in CUST, and
secondary discounts by a corresponding appearance of DISCOUNT
in SECOND. Both relvars are still in BCNF, and processing...
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