smell taste and touch
Chapter 030. Disorders of Smell, Taste, and Hearing (Part 1) doc
... warmth, and irritation are mediated through the trigeminal, glossopharyngeal, and vagal afferents in the nose, oral cavity, tongue, pharynx, and larynx Flavor is the complex interaction of taste, smell, ... interaction of taste, smell, and somatic sensation Terms relating to disorders of smell include anosmia, an absence of the ability to smell; hyposmia, a decreased ability to smell; hyperosmia, an increased ... receptors that also includes rhodopsins; α- and β-adrenergic receptors; muscarinic acetylcholine receptors; and neurotransmitter receptors for dopamine, serotonin, and substance P In humans, there are...
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Chapter 030. Disorders of Smell, Taste, and Hearing (Part 2) ppt
... subjective distortion of taste and smell, which may become more severe as the disease progresses The loss of taste and smell may play an important role in the development and progression of HIV-associated ... consciousness, moderately severe head injury (grades II–V), and skull fracture Frontal injuries and fractures disrupt the cribriform plate and olfactory axons that perforate it Sometimes there is ... craniopharyngiomas, suprasellar meningiomas, and aneurysms of the anterior part of the circle of Willis extend forward and damage olfactory structures These tumors and hamartomas may also induce seizures...
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Chapter 030. Disorders of Smell, Taste, and Hearing (Part 3) pdf
... and sinusitis, polyps, neoplasms, and structural abnormalities of the nasal cavities can be undertaken with a high likelihood for improvement Allergy management; antibiotic therapy; topical and ... glucocorticoid therapy; and surgery for nasal polyps, deviation of the nasal septum, and chronic hyperplastic sinusitis are frequently effective in restoring the sense of smell There is no proven ... recovery often occurs Zinc and vitamin therapy (especially with vitamin A) are advocated by some Profound zinc deficiency can produce loss and distortion of the sense of smell but is not a clinically...
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Chapter 030. Disorders of Smell, Taste, and Hearing (Part 4) pdf
... loss of taste as well as smell by asking if they are able to taste sweetness in sodas, saltiness in potato chips, etc Physiology of Taste The taste receptor cells are located in the taste buds, ... taste bud contains 50–150 taste cells that extend from the base of the taste bud to the taste pore, where the apical microvilli of taste cells have contact with tastants dissolved in saliva and ... individual taste receptor cells The papillae lie along the lateral margin and dorsum of the tongue; at the junction of the dorsum and the base of the tongue; and in the palate, epiglottis, larynx, and...
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Chapter 030. Disorders of Smell, Taste, and Hearing (Part 5) pptx
... respiratory infections and head trauma can lead to both smell and taste dysfunction; taste is more likely to improve than smell The mechanism of taste disturbance in these situations is not well understood ... of taste dysfunction in clinical practice Xerostomia, regardless of the etiology, can be associated with taste dysfunction It is associated with poor oral clearance and poor dental hygiene and ... to the oral cavity and pharynx; viral infections; endocrine disorders; neoplasms; and aging Neural gustatory losses occur with neoplasms, trauma, and surgical procedures in which...
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Chapter 030. Disorders of Smell, Taste, and Hearing (Part 6) pot
... the nerve Taste dysfunction following trauma may resolve spontaneously without intervention and is more likely to so than posttraumatic smell dysfunction Idiopathic alterations of taste sensitivity ... Disorders of the Sense of Taste: Treatment Treatment of gustatory disorders is limited No effective therapies exist for the sensorineural disorders of taste Altered taste due to surgical stretch ... central lesion The history of the disease and localization studies provide important clues to the causes of the taste disturbance For example, absence of taste on the anterior two-thirds of the...
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Chapter 030. Disorders of Smell, Taste, and Hearing (Part 7) pps
... two-thirds of HHIs are nonsyndromic, and the remaining one-third are syndromic Between 70 and 80% of nonsyndromic HHI is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner and designated DFNB; another 15– ... channels (KCNQ4, SLC26A4), and gap junction proteins (GJB2, GJB3, GJB6) Several of these genes, including connexin 26 (GJB2), TECTA, and TMC1, cause both autosomal dominant and recessive forms of ... inner and outer hair cells of the organ of Corti have different innervation patterns, but both are mechanoreceptors The afferent innervation relates principally to the inner hair cells, and the...
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Chapter 030. Disorders of Smell, Taste, and Hearing (Part 8) ppsx
... mitochondrial disorders [mitochondrial encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes (MELAS); myoclonic epilepsy and ragged red fibers (MERRF); progressive external ophthalmoplegia (PEO)] ... Cytoskeletal protein EYA1 Developmental gene SIX1 Developmental gene KVLQT1 Delayed BOR syndrome Jervell and LangeNielsen syndrome rectifier K+ rectifier K+ channel KCNE1 Delayed channel Norrie disease ... SLUG Transcription factor EDNRB Endothelin-B receptor EDN3 Endothelin-B WS type IV receptor ligand SOX10 Transcription factor Note: BOR, syndrome.[newpage] branchio-oto-renal syndrome; WS, Waardenburg...
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Chapter 030. Disorders of Smell, Taste, and Hearing (Part 9) pdf
... bone and normal ear tissue Theories of pathogenesis include traumatic implantation and invasion, immigration and invasion through a perforation, and metaplasia following chronic infection and ... ototoxic drugs (e.g., salicylates, quinine and its synthetic analogues, aminoglycoside antibiotics, loop diuretics such as furosemide and ethacrynic acid, and cancer chemotherapeutic agents such ... canal and intact tympanic membrane suggests ossicular pathology Fixation of the stapes from otosclerosis is a common cause of low-frequency conductive hearing loss It occurs equally in men and...
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Chapter 030. Disorders of Smell, Taste, and Hearing (Part 10) docx
... hearing loss, tinnitus, and aural fullness Tinnitus and/ or deafness may be absent during the initial attacks of vertigo, but invariably appear as the disease progresses and increase in severity ... pathways HIV leads to both peripheral and central auditory system pathology and is associated with sensorineural hearing impairment A finding of conductive and sensory hearing loss in combination ... of both the middle and inner ear, as can occur in otosclerosis involving the ossicles and the cochlea, head trauma, chronic otitis media, cholesteatoma, middle ear tumors, and some inner ear...
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Chapter 030. Disorders of Smell, Taste, and Hearing (Part 11) ppsx
... The external ear canal of the elderly is often dry and fragile; it is preferable to clean cerumen with wall-mounted suction and cerumen loops and to avoid irrigation In examining the eardrum, ... vertigo, tinnitus, and aural fullness Hearing loss with otorrhea is most likely due to chronic otitis media or cholesteatoma Examination should include the auricle, external ear canal, and tympanic ... of the ear canal is necessary to assess tympanic membrane mobility and compliance Careful inspection of the nose, nasopharynx, and upper respiratory tract is indicated Unilateral serous effusion...
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Chapter 030. Disorders of Smell, Taste, and Hearing (Part 12) ppsx
... Pure tone audiometry establishes the presence and severity of hearing impairment, unilateral vs bilateral involvement, and the type of hearing loss Conductive hearing losses with ... OAEs indicates that the outer hair cells of the organ of Corti are intact and can be used to assess auditory thresholds and to distinguish sensory from neural hearing losses ... threshold (SRT) is defined as the intensity at which speech is recognized as a meaningful symbol and is obtained by presenting two-syllable words with an equal accent on each syllable The intensity...
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Chapter 030. Disorders of Smell, Taste, and Hearing (Part 13) docx
... or absent in patients with early and late Ménière's disease, vestibular neuritis, benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, and vestibular schwannoma On the other hand, the threshold for VEMPs may ... auditory nerve and brain Axial and coronal CT of the temporal bone with fine 1- mm cuts is ideal for determining the caliber of the external auditory canal, integrity of the ossicular chain, and presence ... cerebellopontine angle, demyelinating lesions of the brainstem, and brain tumors Both CT and MRI are equally capable of identifying inner-ear malformations and assessing cochlear patency for preoperative evaluation...
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Chapter 030. Disorders of Smell, Taste, and Hearing (Part 14) doc
... loss include wood and metal working with electrical equipment and target practice and hunting with small firearms All internal-combustion and electric engines, including snow and leaf blowers, ... function and deafness due to aminoglycoside antibiotics can largely be prevented by careful monitoring of serum peak and trough levels Some 10 million Americans have noise-induced hearing loss, and ... olfactory subsystems Cell Mol Life Sci 63:1465, 2004 Breslin PA, Huang L: Human taste: Peripheral anatomy, taste transduction, and coding Adv Otorhinolaryngol 63:152, 2006 [PMID: 16733339] Dulac C: Sparse...
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collocation- feel ,hear,líten, smell, taste
... smell look/sound tastes hear smell sound listen – hear feel look see taste sounds Choose the most appropriate word to fill in the sentences: feel looked looks/sounds hear see taste listened smell...
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Taste and other tales
... Mike and his wife and daughter, my wife and I, and a man called Richard Pratt Richard Pratt was famous for his love of food and wine He was president of a small society known as the Epicures, and ... The doctor turned away and went over to the table and began putting his things into his bag The mother lay on the bed, watching the child and smiling and touching him and making little noises ... glass and moved over the surface of the wine He moved the wine gently around in the glass to smell it better He closed his eyes, and now the whole top half of his body, the head and neck and chest,...
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THE MIRROR OF TASTE, AND DRAMATIC CENSOR docx
... aside his cloak and exposing his arm from which the hand had been cut off, “Behold,” he cried—“behold this, and let it speak for my brother and myself!” The multitude relented, and were all at ... Father, and Palmyra in Mahomet, augmented her reputation, and in less than a month the fame of this prodigy, for such she appeared to be, had reached every town and city of Great Britain and Ireland ... of her husband, and with the most poignant regret left her 129native country and her father, to sojourn in a strange land On the 19th of September, 1796, they sailed from the Downs, and on the...
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activities taste and other tales
... Ganderbai – Mr Schofield – Richard Pratt – Mrs Maloney – Klausner Taste and Other Tales - Activity worksheets of Progress test LEVEL Taste and Other Tales Match the first half of the sentences (a)–(e) ... aloud and ask the other members of the class to guess who it can be and why 13 What will happen to these people? What will they now? – Mrs Bixby – Mrs Foster – Ida Hitler – Harry Pope – Dr Ganderbai ... woman’s husband think about the new baby? … 1) that he is strong 2) that he is too small 3) that he will not survive Poison 11 Put these events in chronological order a c Timber phones Dr Ganderbai...
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verbs of senses (feel, smell, taste look)
... flowers smell nice Dark chocolate usually tastes bitter His new car looks expensive Men look busy Your idea sounds interesting The soup tastes salty and spicy I can’t eat it The pancakes smell ... This soup tastes good Do you want to try some? Exercise Complete the sentences with “sound”, smell , “look”, “feel” or taste car looks expensive students look tired cheese smells\ tastes bad ... pancakes smell delicious I’d like to taste one The dinner tasted great They look tired after work 10 Her voice sounds quietly and nicely Opera sounds boring Beer tastes bitter Your massage sounds...
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The revolution in philosophy (III) - aesthetic taste, teleology, and the world order
... Aesthetic taste, teleology, and the world order In that way, aesthetic experience combines elements of both spontaneity and passivity: one must have the unconstrained harmony between intellect and ... beforehand already solidly established an interest in the morally good.” See Pippin, “Avoiding German Idealism,” in Idealism as Modernism; and “The Significance of Taste: Kant, Aesthetic and ... particular instance, but rather perceiving the instance as beautiful and, as it were, (III): Aesthetic taste, teleology, and the world order searching for a concept under which we could subsume...
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