... each dataset into 10 subsets where each subset was a test set and the corresponding remaining sets were merged to a training set We kept the labels ofthe training set to determine model parameters ... unsupervised algorithms The purpose of this paper is an analysis ofthe underlying probabilistic models and the types of errors committed by each one Furthermore, it is investigated how the decision threshold ... caused by the limited memory ofthemodel which uses order zero for the occurrence of a boundary and order one for letter transitions It seems that themodel gets quickly saturated in terms of incorporating...
... is the log ofthe “figure of merit” used to guide search in the noisy channel model when it is producing the 25-best list for the reranker The log figure of merit is the sum ofthe log language model ... paper we first identify the 25 most likely analyses of each sentence using the TAG channel model together with a bigram language model Further details ofthe noisy channel model can be found in ... here so the reranker has direct access to all ofthe features used by the noisy channel model NCTransOdd: We include as a feature parts ofthe noisy channel model itself, i.e the channel model...
... 1.6808 0.6612 Y= the first right brother ofthe current node 0.4730 1.1525 0.7502 Y= the first left brother ofthe current node 0.5832 2.1511 1.2186 Y= the second right brother ofthe current node ... 0.5044 0.2525 Y= the second left brother ofthe current node 0.0949 0.6171 0.2697 Y= the first right brother ofthe parent 0.1068 0.3717 0.2133 Y= the first left brother ofthe parent 0.2505 ... (Y= the parent) (Y= the first left brother) (Y= the first left brother ofthe parent) 0.4730 (Y= the first right brother) SD=2 0.6483 0.0949 0.1068 (Y= the grandpa) (Y= the second left brother)...
... individual-based models, population models, biomass models and combinations thereof The question of whether there is an unifying theoretical concept which connects the different classes of models was ... m) The change ofthe locations ofthe individuals in the phase space is governed by the dynamics ofthe flow field and the individual motion, as well as the growth of 10 CHAPTER INTRODUCTION the ... through themodel food web One ofthe fundamental laws which the biogeochemical models have to obey is the conservation of mass The total mass, M, may be expressed by the mass of one ofthe chemical...
... This is a result ofthe delocalization ofthe negative charge ofthe anion onto the adjacent quinoid ring (see Fig 2) Analogously, delocalization ofthe unpaired electron ofthe corresponding ... modest modelofthe phenolic subunits of lignin Nevertheless, the new biogenic hypotheses that ascribe the reported ligninolytic activity of some fungi to the laccasecatalyzed formation of phenoxy ... the pK2 ofthe sulfonephthalein mediator It can be argued that at the reaction pH of 5.0, the lower the pK2 ofthe mediator, the easier it is for laccase to oxidize it, as the fraction of sulfonephthalein...
... the excess heat capacity ofthe peptides as a function of temperature Replacement of Pro by 3(S)Hyp decreases the transition enthalpy The first replacement of Pro by 3(S)Hyp in the middle ofthe ... lowered the Tm ofthe peptide by 3.3 °C When 3(S)fluoroproline was incorporated, a further decrease in the Tm was found [30] As the pKa ofthe carboxyl group of 3(S)Hyp is lower than that of Pro, these ... conditions As the number of 3(S)Hyp in the peptide increases, the slope ofthe transition becomes more shallow (Fig 6), indicative of a decrease in the transition enthalpy Thesetof peptides was also...
... 1.1 The process is initiated at the top left ofthe Vee with the definition ofthe operational need ofthe stakeholders The focus ofthe decomposition and definition process (or design) is the ... with the identification ofthe need for the system and progressing through the retirement ofthe system Some ofthe phases ofthe life INTRODUCTION TO SYSTEMS ENGINEERING Identification of Need ... or qualification of both the elements ofthe system and the system itself to ensure that the system meets the ultimate needs ofthe stakeholders 1.2 OVERVIEW OFTHE ENGINEERING OF SYSTEMS This...
... depends on the expected return of all the asset returns in the portfolio) and the variance ofthe portfolio’s return (which depends on the variance ofthe return of all ofthe assets in the portfolio ... financial asset to financial asset, depending on the type of issuer, the length of time the asset is held, the nature ofthe owner, and so on Tobin, “Properties of Assets.” Overview of Financial ... in the secondary market the issuer ofthe asset does not receive funds from the buyer Rather, the existing issue changes hands in the secondary market, and funds flow from the buyer ofthe asset...
... course The rapid expansion ofthe program was made possible, at least in part, by the availability ofthe trainers who were trained through the TOT-based trainer pathway The recent evaluation of ... contributed to the overall management ofthe training program and to writing the article MRW led the analysis ofthe trainer data, as well as contributed to the literature review and writing the article ... DB participated in the analysis ofthe trainer data, as well as contributed to the literature review and writing the article RMcL conducted the analysis ofthe TIMS data for the external evaluation...
... dimensions; 1) the use of pre-specified conceptual and measurement models; 2) the strength of empirical support for the reliability and validity ofthe scale(s); 3) the responsiveness of PRO to clinical ... aspects ofthe construct Application of a Multiple Cause Indicator (MCI) model is based on the premise that each observation uniquely contributes to the precision ofthe overall estimate ofthe latent ... provide the best estimate ofthe measurement construct Single Cause Indicator models Model B1 in Figure illustrates the Single Cause Indicator (SCI) model, a less common variant ofthe MCI model, ...
... the square ofthe correlation coefficient and represents the statistical significance ofthemodel Rcv2 is the cross-validated R2, a measure ofthe quality ofthe QSAR model O is the number of ... ofthe involvement of lesser number of compounds and only one scaffold in the development of these models The range of activity of compounds in four models (S1, S2, S5 and S6) is narrow, so these ... used to predict the activity of test setof compounds The lower average residual obtained in both the training and test setof compounds in all the models indicate that the developed models are valuable...
... We observe that all the above results concern the order of growth only In this paper, we are going to prove the following theorem which concerns theexponentof convergence Theorem 2.1 Let B and ... r to be the length ofthe longest arc ofthe circle |z| r on which |H z | > 1, with θ r 2π if the minimum modulus m0 r, H min{|H z | : |z| r} satisfies m0 r, H > Then at least one ofthe following ... 1−τ π π 3.5 Proof of Theorem 2.1 Let A, B and C be as in the hypotheses We can assume that α Suppose that f is a solution of 2.1 having zeros with finite exponentof convergence Then we can write...
... 3.1.2, the position ofthe body-center is reset at each new BPbegin The triangle indicates the orientation ofthe body around the vertical axis Moreover, the orientation ofthe windows (and all the ... foot, the green dots and yellow trajectories the ones ofthe left foot, and the black dots and trajectories the ones ofthe body-center The vague-colored dots represent the configuration ofthe ... such, these movements are out ofthe scope ofthe Dance -the- Music 3.1.2 Pre-processing of movement parameters As already mentioned in the introduction, the first step in the processing ofthe movement...
... limits the radio capacity ofthe system One ofthe basic tasks in dealing with MIMO systems is the modeling ofthe channel generally represented by the random NR ∗ NT matrix H Guided by the analysis ... we get NR = The number of antennas at reception strongly depends then on the precision of Pe,NR (SNR) (ii) Knowing that the choice ofthe probability of errors depends on the type of service we ... normalization; they are very useful in the study of scattering theory and their power comes from the fact that they are representation independent; one may work either in the real space or in the Fourier...
... represents the two series, i is the months-on-books index and the W a are the maturation curves obtained by modelling the full data set Then, either ofthe GN or DM tests can be used to see whether the ... defined as the ratio ofthe area under themodel s CAP curve over the area under the CAP curve ofthe perfect model and takes values in the [0.5,1] interval where the two bounds correspond to models ... step is to compute goodnessof-fit statistics for the overall model as applied to each ofthe subsets As themodel will still cover the same length of time for all subsets, the accuracy should be...
... at the n-th step (n = 1, 2, ), the state x of system satisfies Condition (I) then μ∗ (x) > 0, otherwise μ∗ (x) = 0, where μ∗ (x) is defined by the equation: r(x, μ∗ (x)) = inf r(x, μ) μ>0 Proof ... μ∗ ) k k From the above relations we obtain the following Lemmas Lemma 4.4 The results of Lemma 4.3 hold for the process {x∗ |n = 1, 2, }, n furthermore {x∗ |n = 1, 2, } satisfies the condition ... = V (x) = Ax2 + Bx + C n→∞ Proof The proof is carried out similarly as in Lemma 4.3 Theorem 4.1 The constant S and the function V (x) defined in Lemma 4.5 satisfy the following Bellman’s equation...
... study to the other subunits ofthe NADPH oxidase complex We hypothesized that single nucleotide polymorphisms in any ofthe other subunits could cause the same reduction in ROS production and thereby ... analysis [86] Unfortunately, the use of many of these resources is limited by the strict MHC dependency of most arthritis models Another interesting prospect is the use of microarray data, to identify ... knowledge ofthe major genes that underlie human disease and improved animal models, it seems straightforward to investigate the in vivo function of these genes in the animal models To this end, the...