rehabilitation computers in cognitive
Tài liệu IELTS Essay, topic: Computers in our life ppt
... becoming increasingly dependent on computers They are used in businesses, hospitals, crime detection and even to fly planes What things will they be used for in the future? Is this dependence on computers ... temperatures in the morning are about 22 to 25 degrees The condition for running is excellent in these temperatures In these reasons, I get up early in the morning I think it is natural for human beings ... open casinos They think that casinos can bring money to prefectures Pachinkoes and horse races are legal To bet officially in soccer games is already admitted, too They think admitting casinos is...
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Tài liệu Application of Computers in Process Control pptx
... control and instrumentation engineers in the aspect of tuning of the gains required for stability and good transient performance There are several prescriptive rules used in PID tuning An example ... Page of Tuning of a PID controller using Ziegler-Nichols Method LAB Objective: 1) To demonstrate the use of PID controller using LabVIEW 2) Finding the values of KP and TI and TD using Ziegler ... feed information on the rate of change of the measured variable into the controller action The most important term in the controller is the integrator term that introduces a pole at s = in the...
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Advances in Cognitive Radio Systems pptx
... Restricted tuning capabilities can be incorporated in this circuit introducing a varactor diode in the feedback line in order to control its electrical length changing the capacitive loading (Yuen ... (indicated as a resistor), having the same impedance of the ATL is introduced with the purpose of absorbing the forward propagating waves in the gate line and the backward propagating waves in ... output line and the input line of the distributed amplifier (Fig 2) This topology is known as forward gain distributed oscillator, since it involves forward propagating waves that, circulating in...
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Standard and Innovative Strategies in Cognitive Behavior Therapy Edited by Irismar Reis de Oliveira pdf
... be attractive and were interested in dating him 3.6 Cognitive continuum The cognitive continuum is a strategy for critically examining, and ultimately modifying, allor-nothing core beliefs, such ... his functioning in these five domains is accurate and helpful, and to identify action plans for improving functioning in these five domains 24 Standard and Innovative Strategies in Cognitive Behavior ... catastrophizing) Discounting or disqualifying the positive Emotional reasoning Labeling Definitions I view a situation, a person or an event only in all-or-nothing terms, fitting them into only...
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major issues in cognitive aging jan 2010
... Approaches to Investigating Cognitive Aging 66 Mediators and Moderators of Cognitive Aging Normal and Pathological Cognitive Aging in Late 98 Adulthood Chapter Practical Consequences and Potential Interventions ... only some people declining with many others remaining stable, because that would result in an increase in variability that is typically not found.16 Another interesting point to consider is that ... different individuals 38 Major Issues in Cognitive Aging same individuals are represented by points on connected lines, and those from different individuals are represented by points on different lines...
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Báo cáo toán học: " Probabilistic framework for opportunistic spectrum management in cognitive ad hoc networks" potx
... SU-TX Receiving Acknowledgement tx (Pint rx (Pint if receive(ACK) and Rmin < R(i) then max−1 Single_SU = increase(Rmin) else current_spectrum = Single_SU = Rmin = R1 end if (i) E[Pint ⎧ 2 (i) ... sensing given the inherent inaccuracy of spectrum sensing Page of 15 Coordinated Sender-Receiver Sensing In ad hoc environments in which nodes are exposed to different parts of the network, the interference ... sharing in opportunistic spectrum access network in Proceedings of IEEE ICC Workshops Beijing (2008) C Raman, RD Yates, NB Mandayam, Scheduling variable rate links via a spectrum server in Proceedings...
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Báo cáo toán học: " Optimization of cooperative spectrum sensing with sensing user selection in cognitive radio networks" potx
... optimal sensing time increases with increasing the reporting delay and decreases with increasing the instantaneous detection SNR Figure shows the maximum average throughput versus the reporting delay ... sensing in cognitive radio networks in Proceedings of the IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC ‘07), 27–32 (2007) G Ganesan, Y(G) Li, Cooperative spectrum sensing in cognitive ... under different instantaneous detection SNR g It is clear that the maximum average throughput decreases with increasing the reporting delay and increases with increasing the instantaneous detection...
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Báo cáo hóa học: " Probabilistic framework for opportunistic spectrum management in cognitive ad hoc networks" pdf
... SU-TX Receiving Acknowledgement tx (Pint rx (Pint if receive(ACK) and Rmin < R(i) then max−1 Single_SU = increase(Rmin) else current_spectrum = Single_SU = Rmin = R1 end if (i) E[Pint ⎧ 2 (i) ... sensing given the inherent inaccuracy of spectrum sensing Page of 15 Coordinated Sender-Receiver Sensing In ad hoc environments in which nodes are exposed to different parts of the network, the interference ... sharing in opportunistic spectrum access network in Proceedings of IEEE ICC Workshops Beijing (2008) C Raman, RD Yates, NB Mandayam, Scheduling variable rate links via a spectrum server in Proceedings...
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Báo cáo hóa học: " Performance analysis of spectrum sharing mechanisms in cognitive radio networks" pptx
... or PU in service left), the waiting signaling is canceled for PUs in the primary system via the spectrum broker In the situation without waiting signaling, the proposed mechanism works in the ... probabilities in the NP mechanism is presented in Appendix B The main purpose of deriving the steady-state probabilities is to evaluate the performance metrics in the joint leasing and sensing-based ... in Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC) 2010, Ottawa, Canada, 1–5 (May 2010) P Zhu, J Li, X Wang, Scheduling model for cognitive radio, in Proceedings of 3rd International...
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Báo cáo hóa học: " Multistage Quadrature Sigma-Delta Modulators for Reconfigurable Multi-Band Analog-Digital Interface in Cognitive Radio Devices" pot
... Based on the spectrum sensing information, find the most harmful blockers (fint,1 and fint,2 ) • In case of mirror-frequency rejecting STF design fint,1 = −fC,1 and fint,2 = −fC,2 Design of a ... k This limitation is maintained also when increasing the blocking signal power levels, which means that with increasing blocker input power, the useful signals are scaling down and become more ... creating imbalance between the rails, known as I/Q imbalance [18,24] This mismatch induces image response of the input signal in addition to the original input, causing mirror-frequency interference...
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Báo cáo hóa học: "Location based spectrum sensing evaluation in cognitive radio networks" pptx
... component of the emerging cognitive radio networks In this article, we Page of study the spectrum sensing problem jointly taking the fading and the location of SUs into account We obtain the overall ... section ‘Interference modeling’ section depicts the details of interference modeling Our simulation results are given in ‘Simulation results’ section Finally, we conclude this article in ‘Concluding ... Consequently, the spectrum sensing with jointly taking the fading and location of SUs into account is more suitable for the small scale network Concluding remarks Spectrum sensing is viewed as a crucial...
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Báo cáo hóa học: " Research Article Modeling the Lion Attack in Cognitive Radio Networks" pptx
... this information to force handoffs which coincide with the retransmission instants, therefore completely starving the TCP source, as shown in Figure 2.3 Mitigating the Lion Attack As explained in ... probabilities Pr(T = ti ) as in (13), the expected average time of TCP source inactivity T after receiving an attack can be obtained as in ∞ T= ti · Pr(T = ti ) 3.7 Obtaining the TCP Inactivity Percentage ... freezing and nonfreezing TCP transmission Figures and clearly show that TCP throughput is higher when freezing TCP parameters than without freezing, since the TCP source remains inactive just during...
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báo cáo hóa học:" Ten years of research in spectrum sensing and sharing in cognitive radio" doc
... types, and sizes In general, the sensing information combination at the SBS can be categorized as soft combination and hard combination techniques Soft Combination: In soft combination, the SUs ... Cumanan, S Lambotharan, Robust SINR balancing technique for a cognitive radio network using probability based interference constraints, in Proc IEEE Int Symp on New Frontier in Dynamic Spectrum Access ... networks using fountain codes Proc IEEE 96(1), 155–165 (2008) [117] D Willkomm, J Gross, A Wolisz, Reliable link maintenance in cognitive radio systems, in Proc IEEE Int Symp on New Frontier in Dynamic...
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báo cáo hóa học:" Statistical analysis of linear spatial holes estimators in cognitive radio" ppt
... estimating the power of the primary user in a CR network setup In [4], Kazemi et al introduce cognitive RSS-WLS which improves [3] by taking input noise and error of path loss exponent estimation into ... unknown variable in this article In presence of the RSS measurement error, variable vector, ϕ, in (16) can be obtained using WLS method, which the details are discussed in [4] In brief, in WLS method ... (38) Comparing (14) and (38) shows that covariance of location estimation using cognitive RSS-WLS method is equal to CRLB since we have obtained this result by assuming the input noise to...
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báo cáo hóa học:" Joint cooperative relay scheme for spectrum-efficient usage and capacity improvement in cognitive radio networks" docx
... are proposed in [14] to enhance the spectrum usage and e2e system performance in a two-dimensional geometric network in Rayleigh fading channel By introducing the pricing variables in OFDMA cellular ... relay-assisted cognitive wireless relay network is evaluated and quantified within the peak power constraints for spectrum sharing in [7] Besides, the stable throughput techniques are designed in [8] by using ... Communications Ministry of Education, Information and Telecommunication Engineering of Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications (BUPT), Haidian Dist Xitucheng Rd Beijing 100876, P.R China ∗ Corresponding...
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báo cáo hóa học:" Security in cognitive wireless sensor networks. Challenges and open problems" potx
... strategy Adding those cognition capabilities to the existing WSN infrastructure will bring about many benefits In fact, WSN is one of the areas with the highest demand for cognitive networking In WSN, ... resources are constrained mainly in terms of battery and computation power but also in terms of spectrum availability Hence with cognitive capabilities, WSN could find a free channel in the unlicensed ... very efficient in order to disrupt the SU communication Nodes, detecting collisions, will relay the information, making communication very difficult • Routing ill-directing attack In this attack,...
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Báo cáo hóa học: "Research Article A Unified Approach to Optimal Opportunistic Spectrum Access under Collision Probability Constraint in Cognitive Radio Systems" pptx
... analyzed in Section Corresponding simulation and numerical results are presented in Section Our main conclusions are summarized in the final section EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing ... other settings of this simulation are the same as in the previous section In Figure 6, we analyze the impact of sensing errors in the case that the probability of sensing errors is 0.02 In plot ... Sousa, “Collaborative spectrum sensing for opportunistic access in fading environments,” in Proceedings of the 1st IEEE International Symposium on New Frontiers in Dynamic Spectrum Access Networks...
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Báo cáo hóa học: "Research Article Securing Collaborative Spectrum Sensing against Untrustworthy Secondary Users in Cognitive Radio Networks" potx
... to hard-decision reporting case Finally, current security issues in cognitive radio networks, including attacks and corresponding defense schemes, are concluded in [25] In this paper, we develop ... terms of achieving performance gain when the cooperative users (10–20) face independent fading For simplicity, in this paper, we will use the hard decision combining algorithm in [7, 8] to demonstrate ... Sousa, “Collaborative spectrum sensing for opportunistic access in fading environments,” in Proceedings of the 1st IEEE International Symposium on New Frontiers in Dynamic Spectrum Access Networks...
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báo cáo hóa học:" Research Article Intercluster Connection in Cognitive Wireless Mesh Networks Based on Intelligent Network Coding" docx
... node in a dynamic CogMesh environment can be viewed as a reinforcement learning problem [14] In this section, we briefly explain the reinforcement learning agent in the Network Coding based Intercluster ... concept of reinforcement learning Inspired by psychological theory, reinforcement learning is a subarea of machine learning concerned with how an agent takes actions in an environment in order to ... response learning policies are inspired from the Dynamic Programming (DP) and ε-greedy learning for the single agent interacting with environment Unlike the aforementioned two learning policies,...
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Báo cáo hóa học: "Security in cognitive wireless sensor networks. Challenges and open problems" docx
... strategy Adding those cognition capabilities to the existing WSN infrastructure will bring about many benefits In fact, WSN is one of the areas with the highest demand for cognitive networking In WSN, ... resources are constrained mainly in terms of battery and computation power but also in terms of spectrum availability Hence with cognitive capabilities, WSN could find a free channel in the unlicensed ... very efficient in order to disrupt the SU communication Nodes, detecting collisions, will relay the information, making communication very difficult • Routing ill-directing attack In this attack,...
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