reactions of carboxylic acids
ESTERS OF CARBOXYLIC ACIDS – CONVENTIONAL METHODS
Ngày tải lên :
25/10/2013, 16:20
... Moreover, introduction of ester functions of dicarboxylic acids or mixed derivatives containing aliphatic ester moieties and ester functions of dicarboxylic acids, 4.1 Acylation with Carboxylic Acid ... (g/mol) 164 177 295 125 220 46 Esters of Carboxylic Acids – Conventional Methods 4.1.2 Heterogeneous Conversion in the Presence of a Base Esterification reactions with carboxylic acid anhydrides under ... the introduction of esters in the case of cellulose in the order acetic > propionic > butyric acid [93, 94] 44 Esters of Carboxylic Acids – Conventional Methods Fig 4.3 Acylation of polysaccharides...
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Properties of carboxylic acids
Ngày tải lên :
15/03/2014, 23:13
... solubility in water Solubility decreases with increasing number of carbons 20.8 Reactions of Esters: A Review and a Preview Reactions of Esters with Grignard reagents (Section 14.10) reduction with ... group of ester and of carboxylic acid are comparably stabilized Example O CHCOCH2CH3 + H2O Cl HCl, heat O CHCOH Cl (80-82%) + CH3CH2OH Mechanism of Acid-Catalyzed Ester Hydrolysis Is the reverse of ... Key Features of Mechanism Activation of carbonyl group by protonation of carbonyl oxygen Nucleophilic addition of water to carbonyl group forms tetrahedral intermediate Elimination of alcohol from...
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Microbial Production of Amino Acids in Japan
Ngày tải lên :
26/10/2013, 02:20
... various amounts of sodium pyruvate, g of ammonium acetate, 0.6 g of pyrocatechol, 0.2 g of sodium sulfite, 0.1 g of EDTA, and cells harvested from 100 ml of broth, in a total volume of 100 ml.The ... soybea1ns contain lower amounts of lysine, which is one of Microbial Production of Amino Acids in Japan 77 the essential amino acids for those livestocks The estimated amount of l-lysine produced in ... long time, but recently another theory of excretion of glutamate has been published in which the presence of exporter protein of glutamate on the cell surface of the bacterium is suggested [3, 4]...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khóa học: Quantitative analysis, using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry, of the N-terminal hydrolysis and cyclization reactions of the activation 2 process of onconase pdf
Ngày tải lên :
19/02/2014, 12:20
... using the purified recombinant protein, the conversion of reagents and products of the exopeptidasecatalyzed hydrolysis of Met1 and cyclization of Gln1 to pyroglutamyl were monitored at different ... of saturated sinapinic acid in the same solvent of the matrix, and 0.5 lL of the mixture was immediately applied to a sample probe spot Protein expression Cyclization reaction as a function of ... and expressing it as the fraction of hydrolyzed (Met1)-ONC (M23L) Figure shows the results of the characterization of the hydrolysis reaction as a function of guanidinium chloride concentration...
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Báo cáo khóa học: O-acetylation and de-O-acetylation of sialic acids in human colorectal carcinoma docx
Ngày tải lên :
07/03/2014, 14:20
... responsible for the turnover of O-acetyl ester groups on sialic acids The introduction of acetyl groups into the glycerol side chain (i.e at C-7, -8 and -9) of sialic acids is catalysed by acetyl-CoA:sialate-7(9)-O-acetyltransferase ... at various stages of colorectal carcinoma Sialic acids were isolated and analysed by fluorometric-HPLC The proportion of individual sialic acids is expressed as a percentage of the total sialic ... levels of rescues any 9-O-acetylated sialic acids that evade the action 14 OAT:OAE-L activity of the lysosomal esterase Sialic acids rescued in this manner The tumor-associated over-expression of...
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Báo cáo khoa học: Reactions of gold(III) complexes with serum albumin docx
Ngày tải lên :
07/03/2014, 21:20
... addition of a solution of 1,2-ethylendiamine monohydrate in ether to a solution of HAuCl4 in ether; the yellow precipitate was dissolved in water giving an orange solution A white precipitate of [Au(en)2]Cl3 ... stoichiometric excess of cyanide The UV-Vis spectra were recorded before and immediately after the addition of a concentrated solution of sodium cyanide Reaction with imidazole The interaction of [Au(bipyc-H)(OH)][PF6] ... [Au(bipyc-H)(OH)][PF6] Further information on the reactions of gold(III) complexes with BSA was gained by the application of classical biochemical separation techniques The main goal of these experiments was to provide...
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Carboxylic acids & esters
Ngày tải lên :
15/03/2014, 22:01
... Chapter 16 Carboxylic Acids and Esters 16.2 Properties of Carboxylic Acids Copyright © 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc Publishing as Benjamin Cummings 18 Polarity of Carboxylic Acids Carboxylic acids ... + δ - + δ CH3CO H 19 Boiling Points of Carboxylic Acids The boiling points of carboxylic acids Are higher than alcohols, ketones, and aldehydes of similar mass Are high because they form ... (m-bromobenzoic acid) Br 14 Preparation of Carboxylic Acids Carboxylic acids can be prepared by oxidizing primary alcohols or aldehydes The oxidation of ethanol produces ethanoic acid (acetic...
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Carboxylic acids, esters, amines, and amides
Ngày tải lên :
15/03/2014, 22:01
... with a carboxylic acid Very slow reaction, unless! an acid catalyst used (usually sulphuric acid) A condensation reaction The condensation reaction between the hydroxyl group and the carboxylic ... acid known as esterification Reverse reaction = ester hydrolysis Names of esters end in –oate Naming Named after alcohol & carboxylic acid from which they are derived O C CH3 CH2 CH3 let’s name ... sweet smells • Their bouquet is often floral or fruity • This means they are used in food flavourings & perfumes • Also, very good at dissolving organic compounds so often used as solvents Esters...
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Cadmium mobilisation and plant availability the impact of organic acids
Ngày tải lên :
15/03/2014, 23:22
... amino acids as compared to carboxylic 111 Figure % of formation of organically bound form of Cd with citric, malic and aspartic acids acids Carboxylic acids, particularly citric and malic acids, ... more than 70% of supplied Cd was incorporated in roots of Zea mays and other plants Increasing concentrations of organic acids increased plant uptake of Cd, with a similar trend of distribution ... Values±SD of increasing concentrations of various organic acids The distribution of Cd in various parts of maize plant shows the following order: root > shoot > fruit Cd added with organic acids...
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Báo cáo khóa học: Vertical-scanning mutagenesis of amino acids in a model N-myristoylation motif reveals the major amino-terminal sequence requirements for protein N-myristoylation ppt
Ngày tải lên :
16/03/2014, 16:20
... the combination of amino acids at positions and might be a critical determinant for protein N-myristoylation In this study, to examine the effect of the combination of amino acids at positions ... N-myristoylation efficiency of each MG6X-TNF was expressed as the percentage of the N-myristoylation efficiency of MG6L-TNF Results for the 20 amino acids were arranged according to their radius of gyration (B) ... 1.7% of all proteins [17] S cerevisiae Nmt1p is the best studied of the known NMTs The X-ray structure of a binary complex of Nmt1p with bound myristoyl-CoA has been determined [34] A structure of...
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Báo cáo khoa học: Brain succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase Reactions of sulfhydryl residues connected with catalytic activity pdf
Ngày tải lên :
16/03/2014, 18:20
... deletions in the genomic level would be causative of SSADH deficiency [11,12] Despite the importance of SSADH in the metabolism of GABA, the structural studies of the enzyme have not yet been well investigated ... for the inactivation of DABIA was 168 M)1Æmin)1, as determined from the slope of this plot In an effort to demonstrate that DABIA is bound to sulfhydryl groups of SSADH, lM of SSADH was incubated ... extinction coefficient of 29 000 M)1Æcm)1 at 436 nm DABIA gave overall incorporation values of about 7.5 mol per enzyme tetramer, indicating that mols of sulfhydryl groups of SSADH were masked...
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Báo cáo khoa học: Light-induced reactions of Escherichia coli DNA photolyase monitored by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy pot
Ngày tải lên :
16/03/2014, 18:20
... aimed at an elucidation of a detailed molecular picture of the light-driven DNA repair process Results Construction of a DNA photolyase E109A mutant MTHF, the second cofactor of E coli DNA photolyase, ... photolyase to a level of about 15% of total cell protein Purification by published procedures afforded the blue radical form of the mutant enzyme The yield of isolated protein was about twofold higher ... selective reaction of KMnO4 Nucleic Acids Research 26, 3940–3943 49 Zamenhof PJ & Villarej M (1972) Construction and properties of Escherichia coli strains exhibiting alphacomplementation of beta-galactosidase...
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Báo cáo khoa học: Adventitious reactions of alkene monooxygenase reveal common reaction pathways and component interactions among bacterial hydrocarbon oxygenases ppt
Ngày tải lên :
16/03/2014, 19:20
... reaction with the alkyne, at a range of concentrations, in the presence of NADH (100 lm) The decay of enzyme activity as a function of 2667 Adventitious reactions of alkene monooxygenase time was ... activity was measured as a function of the time between the start of the reaction (addition of NADH) and removal of the alkyne by flushing with nitrogen First-order decay of enzyme activity was observed, ... underestimated The positive deviation of the latest data points from the extrapolated linear 2663 Adventitious reactions of alkene monooxygenase Fig Kinetics of inactivation of AMO by (A) propyne and (B)...
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Báo cáo khoa học: Identification of amino acids in antiplasmin involved in its noncovalent ‘lysine-binding-site’-dependent interaction with plasmin pptx
Ngày tải lên :
17/03/2014, 03:20
... half-lives of plasmin in these experiments (also before 50% of the plasmin activity was inhibited) Computer model of the C-terminal 40 amino acids in antiplasmin A computer model of the C-terminal ... structure of the C-terminal portion of antiplasmin However, there are a large number of proline residues in this part (10 of the C-terminal 55 residues), increasing the possibility of obtaining ... that the C-terminal lysine is of little importance in the lysine- Fig SDS/PAGE of some of the antiplasmin variants in the presence (lanes 1–4) or absence (lanes 5–8) of plasmin The antiplasmin variants...
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Báo cáo Y học: Production and chemiluminescent free radical reactions of glyoxal in lipid peroxidation of linoleic acid by the ligninolytic enzyme, manganese peroxidase pot
Ngày tải lên :
24/03/2014, 04:21
... width of 1.0 mm The wavelength range of the spectrometer was 370– 820 nm Experimental conditions are described in the legend of each figure R E S U LT S Formation of glyoxal in the reaction of linoleic ... products of pentafluorobenzyl oxime [26] (data not shown) The reactions of MnP in four different buffers clearly demonstrate that the formation of glyoxal was significantly stimulated by the presence of ... linoleic Fig Mass chromatograms of PFBO derivatives of products of lipid peroxidation by C subvermipora MnP and soybean lipoxygenase at m/z 181 (A) Products of the oxidation of linoleic acid by MnP in...
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metal catalysed reactions of hydrocarbons fac
Ngày tải lên :
01/04/2014, 10:35
... OF INDUSTRIAL CATALYSTS Lawrie Lloyd METAL-CATALYSED REACTIONS OF HYDROCARBONS Geoffrey C Bond METAL–OXYGEN CLUSTERS: The Surface and Catalytic Properties of Heteropoly Oxometalates John B Moffat ... 598 599 599 601 CONTENTS 14.2.3 Reactions of Linear Alkanes with Hydrogen 14.2.4 Reactions of Branched Alkanes with Hydrogen 14.2.5 Reactions of Cyclic Alkanes with Hydrogen ... heating of a wire of the catalytic metal, or of a fragment of the metal attached to an inert wire, in an evacuated vessel, atoms of the metal evaporated and then condensed on the walls of the...
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capillary electrophoresis of nucleic acids, volume i
Ngày tải lên :
10/04/2014, 11:11
... within a mixture of DNAs (37,66–71) The direct estimation of the concentration of analytes during CE can be used for the quantification of PCR fragments and applied to the estimation of allele frequency ... and expression of particular genes or alleles, by the synthesis of cDNA from mRNA followed by quantitative amplification of the cDNA by PCR (66–74) The direct estimation of RNA-PCR reactions, which ... further increases in the speed and sensitivity of CE-based analysis The recent announcement of the completion of the first draft sequence of the 90% of the entire human genome within mo by Celera...
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capillary electrophoresis of nucleic acids, volume ii
Ngày tải lên :
10/04/2014, 11:11
... the same, regardless of the type of the separation channel used (capillary or chip) The main advantage of the chip technology is the ease of fabrication of a large number of channels In comparison ... behavior of dsDNA, partially melted DNA and ssDNA, most of the system optimization procedures apply to all three types of separations One application, which takes advantage of differential melting of ... Schematic of a microchip used for sizing of PCR products with a DNA marker (B) (a) Electropherogram of the sizing ladder; (b) Electropherogram of PCR products; (c) Electropherogram of the PCR...
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Báo cáo hóa học: " Carbon composite micro- and nano-tubes-based electrodes for detection of nucleic acids" pot
Ngày tải lên :
21/06/2014, 03:20
... suitable tool for detection of nucleic acids We show the successful application of modern nano-technologies not only for detecting of nucleic acids but also for distinguishing of all bases signals Methods ... versatility of the electrode was tested Cyclic voltammetry was used for the detection of two nucleic acids samples mentioned above and the basic electrochemical behaviour of nucleic acids at the ... Detection of nucleic acids Further, three carbon composite electrodes with different content of carbon particles with various shapes and sizes were prepared and tested on measuring of nucleic acids...
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