... one ofthe main components of citrus fruits, such as tangerine Diosmin may increase the ab‐ sorption or bioavailability of co-administered drugs able to serve as P-gp substrates As a result, some ... that broccoli is able to induce the activity of phenolsulfo‐ transferases [123] These results suggest that other vegetables with a high content of isothio‐ cyanates, such as those ofthe family Cruciferae ... origins of cancer and predicted the existence of tumor suppressor genes that can suppress cancer cell growth It was later discovered that both classes of genes proto-oncogenes and tumor-suppressor...
... with the same relative strength no matter their size— the small ones seem to be strongest on certain scales known as peaks The size and strength of these peaks allow cosmologists to get at the ... chromosomes Because each chromosome hosts thousands of genes, aneuploidy creates massive genetic chaos inside the cell The cell becomes essentially a whole new species unto itself,” Duesberg says ... into bodies such as galaxies Boomerang s and Maxima s results were a case of good news and bad news The instruments saw the largest ofthe expected peaks, demonstrating that the universe is geometrically...
... structural classes of compounds in terms of mean absolute errors The performance ofthe force elds for particular classes of compounds is discussed in the following sections Fig also includes the overall ... visualization ofthe theoretical results Indeed, it was discouraging to discuss theoretical results with a suspicious chemist on the basis of pages and pages of computer output This obstacle was dramatically ... describe the basic properties ofthe GB/SA model and to discuss some aspects ofthe model and its use that are of particular interest in computational medicinal chemistry 6.2 The GB/SA Model In the...
... Vernalis present the first of a number of personal case studies of FBDD – in this case, the application ofthe fragment-approach to the development of Hsp90 inhibitors, with emphasis on the role of ... as Emerald Biostructures The scientists assembled a library of “fragments of life,” consisting of just over 1,300 compounds derived from metabolites, derivatives and isosteres of metabolites, ... researchers to use IC50 values instead of true dissociation constants Although this shortcut makes it difficult to compare LE values across programs, it is useful for following the progress of...
... activity of these dosas is necessary for health Pathogenesis of disease According to Ayurveda, there are three main causes of disease, namely asatmyendriyartha samyoga (indiscriminate use of senses ... annulations (transverse rings), fissures (splits), nodules (rounded outgrowth), scars (spot left after fall of leaves, stems or roots) Taste is specific type of sensation felt by epithelial layer of ... products are in restricted taxonomic groups and species of organisms They are from secondary metabolic processes and express individualities of organisms These are the areas of interest in phytochemistry...
... ancient Vedic science (Patwardhan & Mashelkar 2009) Discussion on all these aspects is beyond the scope of this book chapter Ayurveda, as a system of medicine, is one ofthe official systems of medicine ... Negative selection indicates a fitness cost to non-synonymous substitutions Furthermore, the lower the ω value, the stronger the stabilizing pressure as fewer and fewer non-synonymous substitutions ... impact of our publications Notice Statements and opinions expressed in the chapters are these ofthe individual contributors and not necessarily those ofthe editors or publisher No responsibility...
... strongyloidiasis, foodborne trematodiases, neurocysticercosis, scabies and infectious parasitic diseases including diseases such as Malaria, Dengue fever, Kalaazar, Toxoplosmosis Table describes some ofthe ... infections annually Trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness, Chagas disease) T brucei (sleeping sickness) T cruzi (Chagas disease) HAT: 300,000 cases annually Chagas: 16 million existing infections Schistosomiasis ... tropical diseases ofthe world, organism responsible for the disease, scope ofthe disease and therapy needs Chapter Introduction Status on drug discovery related against neglected diseases More...
... the most important missions is to establish the chronology ofthe important biological events Thanks to the continuing efforts of chemists and biologists, the chronologies ofthe evolution of amino ... on the conclusion ofthe present study Age assignment for bio-ligands deposited research Descriptor calculation SPSS 13.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) was employed to the factor analysis The ... agents Of course, the new strategy should be treated with wariness, because ofthe potential side effects ofthe promiscuous ligands Implications for understanding the new paradigms in drug discovery...
... host of proteomic tools to samples from human patients with the aim of establishing tissue- and serum-based markers for both diagnostics and functional classification of disease He described the ... Cancer Institute, Boston, USA) described gene-expression profiling of various human cancers combined with gene-set enrichment analyses to detect signatures of disease In addition, he suggested that ... Antibodies, antisense and RNAi were the focus of a session entitled ‘Biologics’, which does not justice to the enormous potential of these novel modalities Napoleone Ferrara (Genentech, San Francisco,...
... out the implications of using a single hybridization protocol for the thousands of distinct probes that comprise a microarray, resulting in widespread cross-hybridization Szallasi cites several ... asked Marc Salit (NIST) sees NIST s role in this area as developing the tools needed to understand the performance of geneexpression microarrays Such tools are likely to include standards, reference ... ‘housekeeping’ genes The traditional approaches of metrology - the science of measurement - will be applied to these problems to establish microarray measurements of known quality Salit considers...
... emeritus professor ofthe history of science at the University of Derby, UK Pete Ellis is professor of psychological medicine at the School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Otago, ... was expensive and some parasites became increasingly resistant to it The supply ofthe drug – it was imported from Java – was also inconsistent during periods of global unrest By the 193 0s, the ... news of an effective oral alternative to insulin for some forms of diabetes spread www.rsc.org/eic ofthe 39 patients, 14 showed satisfactory control ofthe disease with metformin another six showed...
... cell based assay results xii LIST OF TABLES Table 2.1 Datasets used in the analysis and the corresponding assay systems 23 Table 2.2 Fourteen descriptors selected for use in the analysis ... items and their corresponding descriptors One form of unsupervised learning is clustering It is the assignment of a set of input items into subsets (clusters) so that items in the same cluster ... MATERIALS AND METHODS 2.2.1 DATASETS Table 2.1 Datasets used in the analysis and the corresponding assay systems Name of Dataset Number of Compounds ATP Synthase vesicular assay ATPSyn.Prestwick...
... the suspension ofthe pure form (3.83% vs 0.86%) In conclusion, the results presented in this thesis provide some scientific evidence for the traditional uses of A elliptica Further work is warranted ... warfarin to decrease the risk of recurrences of heart attack and stroke Despite the efficacy of current drugs used in the treatment of such diseases, drugs like aspirin and warfarin are associated with ... conducted on the use of GPIIb/IIIa antagonists (Table 1.1) These clinical trials show varying results While many ofthe trials showed a positive effect, there were also some trials which showed disappointing...
... LBVS is shown on the right Structure-based virtual screening (SBVS) starts with a 3-D structure of a target protein and a database ofthe 3-D structures of ligands as the screening pool It is usually ... types structures because it is also one goal of VS [75] 1.5 Objective and outline of this thesis The ultimate goal of this thesis is to develop comprehensive databases to facilitate disease detection ... progress in more extensive applications of SBVS and LBVS tools [69, 111] These problems include 20 the vastness and sparse nature of chemical space needs to be searched, limited availability of...
... not specifically designed for optimally supporting such tasks There is a need to introduce new access modes based on such widely-used disease classification systems as the International Classification ... resistance profiles For multigenic diseases, such as cancer, or diseases that act on different tissues or cell types, multi-target therapeutics can be more efficacious and less prone to resistance, ... trials (13) Overall, the phase I, phase II and phase III clinical trials are the most costly and time-consuming steps in the drug development processes And the success of clinical trials relies...
... Anopheles mosquitos transmit the parasites to humans The mosquitos inject sporozoites into the bloodstream ofthe human host These sporozoites reach to the liver and rapidly invade the liver cells ... Drug Resistant xix Chapter Introduction 1.1 Infectious diseases Infectious diseases are caused by pathogenic microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses, parasites or fungi; the diseases can spread ... in these areas, ISIVIVC for the standard anti-mycobacterial compounds was investigated in this thesis; further, the PK-PD relationships for the compound classes of nitroimidazoles and spiroindolones,...
... form of tissues in which they occur Appropriate mechanical strength is also essential for tissue-engineered constructs, especially when it is intended to resist significant mechanical stresses upon ... compromise the shape and the mechanical strength ofthe constructed tissues Furthermore, the amount of procollagen in the culture medium has been quantified to assess the effect of antifibrotic drugs ... Details Experimental Details The equipments and materials used in the research are presented in the first two sections ofthe chapter In the last section, the experimental procedures are discussed...
... materials, silicone, etc Most of these materials share similar physical properties -strength, resistance to abrasion and corrosions In our daily activities, we place high levels of mechanical stress ... using hESCs as a model In this study, taking hESCs differentiation towards osteogenic lineage as an example, we proposed a set of functional assays as a standard of hESCs as a model for drug discovery ... injuries and illnesses which our bodies are unable to recover by themselves The emergence of tissue engineering and cell therapy in the past decades has shown some progress in both research and...