... Aggrecan Core protein fragments Noncollagen and nonaggrecan proteins Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein Type I collagen Pyridinoline, deoxypyridinolin PYD, DPD Type I collagen C-terminal and N-terminal ... be related better to disease activity and joint damage than CRP Clinical markers Biological markers have to reflect diagnosis and/ or prognosis; that is, clinical outcomes [10,71] The extent of ... Activity Index and the Clinical Disease Activity Index (reviewed in [9]) – have been shown useful for following disease activity and for serving as endpoints in clinical trials and observational...
... mRNA andprotein levels in RA, PsA, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, and spondyloarthritis synovial membrane and in some sera [50,51,62-64] and is localised in tissue in macrophages, FLSs, and perhaps ... release and cytotoxic function Th1 and Th17 cells proliferate and produce cytokine to IL-15 and exhibit prolonged survival, and in B cells, isotype switching and survival are enhanced by IL-15 ... antagonists, IL-1Ra and IL-1F5, inhibit the biologic activities of the ligands IL-1 and IL-1F6, IL-1F8, and IL-1F9, respectively In addition, soluble IL-1RAcP inhibits the effect of IL-1 and IL-33 when...
... et al 2003c) found N-RAS and K-RAS mutations, respectively, in 17% and 6% of tumors, whereas Kuehl and Shaughnessy found N-RAS and K-RAS mutations, respectively, in 14% and 17% of tumors (personal ... the following specific aims: a) Describe the landscape andclinical relevance of genomic complexity using aCGH Rationale and Hypothesis Current understanding of MM genetics is hampered by inadequacies ... 1q gain (44% and 48% respectively) and 8p loss (27% and 28% respectively) had almost identical prevalence in both HRD and NHRD MM Figure 2.2 Penetrance plot of chromosome gains and losses by...
... science and biology communities We would like to call this discovering biological knowledge in silico by data mining 1.2 Work and Contribution To make use of original biologicalandclinical ... basic concept: the standard deviation of in and variance and the standard deviation àắ of in and More should be signicantly varies greatly within is not a reliable one and variance àắ should ... and more biological information generated, the most pressing task of bioinformatics has become to analyse and interpret various types of data, including nucleotide and amino acid sequences, protein...
... multiple and often overlapping and complementary biologicalfunctions [30] The presence of charged and hydrophobic amino acid residues in Tat makes protein purification difficult as this protein ... column is nearly free of bacterial proteins (Figure 3A, lane 7) Trace levels of additional protein bands above and below the main Tat band are multimers and degraded protein products of Tat, respectively, ... B- and C-Tat proteins at biologicaland structural levels type-C Tat for monocytes [9] Given that the vast majority of the global viral infections are ascribed to subtype-C [2] and that Tat protein...
... the characterization of biologicalfunctions of newly discovered proteins Sequence similarity based approaches infer proteinfunctions based upon the homology between proteins In this thesis, ... the A and B having similar functions after it is known that both A and B have similar sequences CHAPTER II MATERIALS AND METHODS This chapter addresses the strategies and operations used and implemented ... structures of the three ontologies - biological, cellular and molecular category and re-evaluate the hypothetical assumption - similar biological sequences implies similar functions We used a novel measure...
... protein [14] Given the presence of at least seven proteinprotein interaction domains including the KIND, FERM and five PDZ domains, PTP-Bas/BL functions most probably as a major scaffolding protein ... 452 16 References Hunter, T (1995) Protein kinases and phosphatases: the yin and yang of protein phosphorylation and signaling Cell 80, 225–236 Andersen, J.N., Mortensen, O.H., Peters, G.H., Drake, ... (2001) Multiple roles of EPH receptors and ephrins in neural development Nat Rev Neurosci 2, 155–164 Kullander, K & Klein, R (2002) Mechanisms andfunctions of Eph and ephrin signalling Nat Rev Mol...
... activator protein transcription factor The dimeric activator protein (AP-1) transcription factor is composed of Jun and Fos proteins Jun proteins form homodimers or heterodimers with Fos proteins ... collagen 1a2 and matrix Gla protein that are produced by osteoblasts and chondrocytes [13] We Available online http://arthritis-research.com/content/10/1/201 Table Functions of Jun and Fos proteins ... encoding the Ca2+-binding proteins S100a8 and S100a9 in keratinocytes upon deletion of JunB and Jun, both in vivo and in vitro The S100a8 and S100a9 genes map to the PSORS4 region and have been found...
... signalling, osmotic and oxidative stress signalling and pathogen defence signalling pathways In contrast, NADH, Reisky iron sulphur proteinand quinone protein are related to mitochondrial and chloroplast ... the experimental work and drafted the manuscript AB and IA helped in the RT-PCR and DD-PCR analysis SM and RWB together designed the experiments IA and SM had proof-read and finalized the manuscript ... second column lists the number and percentage of input genes or proteins involved in the pathway (top red in color) and the number and percentage of background genes or proteins involved in the pathway...
... Santiago Sandoval-Navarrete and Rocío Muñoz-Sandoval Chapter Permanent Cardiac Pacing in Adults with High Grade Atriovetricular Block and Preserved Left Ventricular Function: Optimal Mode and Site ... atrium and right ventricle, is already in common clinical use Moreover, left ventricle pacing in cardiac synchronization therapy (CRT) is also introduced and used clinically in different ways and ... or acquired in a variety of clinical 14 Cardiac Pacemakers – Biological Aspects, Clinical Applications and Possible Complications conditions (ischemic heart disease and heart failure leading to...
... least seven proteins including, MLH1 and MSH2 The MLH1 and MSH2 protein are essential in the mismatch repair machinery and mutations in MLH1 and MSH2 have been implicated in HNPCC (Boland et al., ... Ms Sandy Kim and Ms Maggie Cheung, for their invaluable help in microarrays construction and collation of clinical data Friends and colleagues at the Cancer Science Institute of Singapore and ... proteins CD133 and OCT-4 were observed In addition, no correlations between cancer stem cells proteins and BRAF or KRAS mutations To achieve these biological observations with clinical implications,...
... penetration are attenuated (Suzuki and Sugiyama, 2000; Ayrton and Morgan, 2001) Drug efflux transporters, such as multi-drug resistance proteinand (MPR1 and MRP2), and the uptake transporters, such ... anthracyclines, camptothecins and etoposide, such as leukemia and breast, colorectal and germ cell, respectively, and in some cases, the correlations between clinical outcome and expression have been ... 4.5 kb and 1.3 kb In breast cancer, normal breast, and testis, the MRP9 gene is 4.5 kb in size and encodes a 100 kDa MRP-like protein that lacks transmembrane domains 3, 4, 11, and 12 and the...
... applied onto protein chips with different chromatographic affinities in a suitable binding buffer Selectively bound proteins were retained on the surface and non-selectively bound proteins were ... cancer patients and healthy volunteers was collected and analyzed A panel of differentially expressed proteins was advocated for biomarkers of diagnosis for colorectal cancer Materials and methods ... Taizhou Municipal Hospital, and had the informed consent of the patients and volunteers The patients and serum samples were then divided into two groups: the ‘‘training’’ set and the blinded ‘‘test’’...
... genotypes and (B), and genotypes 4, and (C) Int J Med Sci 2006, HCV genotypes and Patients infected with HCV genotypes or have a 70%-80% likelihood of an SVR with a low dose of ribavirin and only ... to treat patients with mild lesions and to re-assess their liver disease after to years The patients with inflammation and/ or fibrosis (Metavir score A ≥ and/ or F ≥ 2) have an indication for ... 2006, Chronic hepatitis C In patients with clinical or biological signs of chronic liver disease, chronic hepatitis C is certain when both antiHCV antibodies and HCV RNA (sought for with a sensitive...
... Europe, India, and Africa Genotype B and C are common in Asia; genotype D, in southern Europe, the Middle East, and India; genotype E, in West Africa and South Africa; genotype F, in South and Central ... activity, and with or without HBeAg seroreversion Clinical Spectrum of HBV Infection Primary Infection –Subclinical Infection and Acute hepatitis B Majority of HBV infection in children are subclinical ... infection Hence, further research and understanding in this sector may bring exciting new information and better understanding of the natural history of HBV and supplement our existing armamentarium...
... title, aims and objectives, scope, methods and design of the study Chapter II introduces an overview of English adjectives with the definitions of adjectives and their semantic and syntactic functions ... and He wore dirty and old shoes I have a young and beautiful sister When there more than two adjectives, they may be separated by commas and apart from the last adjective which separated by and ... He wore dirty, wet, old and worn shoes But, there are some fixed phrases of adjectives which are often linked by and : old and musty with, a long and winding road, hard and fast rules When the...
... IRn and let f1 , , fm be convex functions Let also and w1 , , wm ≥ Then w1 f1 + · · · + wm fm and max1≤i≤m fi (x) are convex functions More generally, let {fi }i∈I be a family of convex functions ... if and only if S is R convex Moreover, f is proper and convex S ⊆ I n nonempty and convex R =⇒ f + δS is proper and convex dom f ∩ S = ∅ We have a correspondence between convex sets and ... Convex sets and convex functions taking the infinity value Passing from sets to functions A common device to construct convex functions on IRn is to construct a convex set F in IRn+1 and then take...