... Medullary carcinoma Invasive papillary carcinoma Invasive cribriform carcinoma Metaplastic carcinomas • Pure epithelial metaplastic carcinomas →Squamous cell carcinomas →Adenocarcinoma with spindle ... classification ofbreast cancer WHO classification ofbreast cancer (2003) Epithelial tumours Invasive ductal carcinomas of no special type • Mixed type carcinoma • Pleomorphic carcinoma • Carcinoma ... 6.2% ofbreast cancer classified as ILC (Pestalozzi et al 2008) In Singapore, the incidence of ILC was on the low end ofthe range From 2003-2007, ILC comprised 3.9% of all breast cancers (Singapore...
... types of human cancers including breast cancer [35] Other candidate genes have been described as frequently imbalanced inthe genomes ofthebreast cancer cells (Figure 3) Gain on 8q24.3 and 20q13.33 ... 20q13.33 was identified in more than 50% ofthe samples Gain on 17q11.2 was seen in 19 ofthe primary tumors (63%) andin 17 ofthe blood samples (57%) The region included the myosin XVIII A ... associated with metastasis and relapse ofbreast cancer, and is overexpressed in lymph node positive breast cancer [38] Gain on 22q13.33 was over represented in 15 primary tumor and 15 blood samples...
... concentration of glycosaminoglycan-associating proteins, increasing the capacity of these ligands to interact with their receptors, thereby lowing the threshold for signal transduction The binding of such ... inthe cell membrane and influences CD44-mediated signal transduction The cytoplasmic partner molecules of CD44 are the cytoskeleton proteins ankyrin and ezrin, radixin and moesin (ERM proteins) ... of such ligands, including osteopontin and 23 vascular endothelial growth factor, are of interest inthe metastatic process.53-55 Apart from maintaining the niche matrix surrounding cancer stem...
... made gains in both the finance/banking industries andinthe defence-related public sector Whereas some 125 000 women worked in finance and banking institutions in 1975, the number increased to ... model answer: The two decades between 1975 and 1995 brought significant changes inthe representation of women in Freedonia's work force, according to the graphs In 1975, for example, ... men and 250 000 women worked inthe communications sector Twenty years later, though the number of men remained unchanged, the number of women rose to 550 000 A similar situation was seen in the...
... insertions of Gy The median dose of brachytherapy to point A was 12 Gy (range 6–15 Gy) andthe mean point A dose was 11.8 Gy According to the beliefs ofthe assistant physician, 11 patients with ... Chemotherapy was not administered to any of them Median age was 46 years (range 22–72) Squamous cell carcinoma was the histological type in 56 patients (84%); adenocarcinoma in (13%); and patients ... distant control In fact, the standard approach for advanced cervical cancer has been changed after randomized trials and a meta-analysis demonstrate significant benefit of concomitant chemoradiotherapy...
... mass index andthe DAS28-3, the HAQ score andthe Larsen score at baseline Bivariate analysis was performed with all factors and covariates, and then backward stepwise selection was applied in ... used in four patients during 2000 and used in three patients in 2004 Effect of time and treatment on disease The median (interquartile range) ofthe DAS28-3 was 4.0 (3.0 to 5.1) in 2000, and this ... analysis and helped to draft the manuscript IG-A participated inthe design ofthe study and also in collection ofthe data at the Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, was involved inthe interpretation...
... prognosis, asthe incidence of lymph node metastasis is lower and distant metastases uncommon [1] Even rarer are the cases of ACC intermingled with other types ofbreast cancer within a single lesion ... ACC ofthebreast is a rare histopathologic type of slow progression and represents only 0.1% ofbreast cancer cases In sharp contrast to the extra-mammary counterpart, ACC ofthebreast has an ... the histological examination ofthe specimen and contributed to the writing ofthe manuscript All authors read and approved the final manuscript Competing interests The authors declare that they...
... also included one male patient Since breast cancer in men accounts for only about 1% of all breast cancers, the incidence of intracystic carcinomaofthebreastin men appears to be higherand and ... because breast cancer in which a lesion existed within the cystic wall was investigated as intracystic carcinomaofthebreast Patients with intracystic carcinomaofthebreast tend to be older than ... 1.9% of all breast cancers [2,3] According to the general rules for clinical and pathological recording ofbreast cancer, a lesion localized in a cyst is defined as noninvasive intracystic carcinoma...
... fibrocystic changes inthe contralateral breast Thus, there was no case of contralateral invasive breast cancer The 12 cases of invasive ductal breastcarcinoma also had no contralateral breast cancer ... ductal/lobular breastcarcinoma who had MRI ofthe breast, and out of 12 patients (16.66%) had suspicious contralateral lesions On review ofthe pathology, one case had carcinoma in- situ and other case ... with the group of 10,061 cases, mostly ofthe invasive ductal type (91% of cases), observed during the same period The focus ofthe study was the comparison of ductal carcinomas to lobular carcinomas...
... Clear-cell carcinomaofthe breast, resembling clear-cell carClear-cell carcinomaofthe breast, resembling clear-cell carcinomaofthe kidney The lobular arrangement andthe fine vascular network ... drafting and revision ofthe manuscript, DM: Helped in preparation and revision ofthe manuscript, TP: revision ofthe manuscript and preparation of histology and immunoassays, EK: Surgery and follow-up ... leaving vacuolated cytoplasm Extraction ofthe cytoplasmic components also occurs in lipid-rich carcinoma, signetring cell carcinomaandin some secretory variants of ductal or lobular carcinomas,...
... triple-negative breast cancer [14,15], and this is important in terms of elucidating the etiology ofthe metaplastic change Ninomiya et al., reported that one of their two cases of MPC ofthebreast was the ... that the incidence of MPC ofthebreast was 0.05% in Japan [4] Our search ofthe main Japanese medical journals found a total of 27 cases of MPC ofthebreast reported in Japan to date, including ... histogenesis of MPC We report our findings for a Japanese woman with MPC ofthebreastand discuss them together with the other 26 cases of MPC ofthebreast that have been reported in Japan to date Case...
... adenocarcinoma ofthebreastand from metastasis of squamous cell carcinomaofan origin somewhere else The etiology and pathogenesis of squamous cell carcinomaofthebreast is still unclear It has ... cell carcinomaofthebreast Clin Breast Cancer 2005, 3:270-272 Zoltan TB, Konick L, Coleman RJ: Pure squamous cell carcinomaofthebreastin a patient with previous adenocarcinoma ofthe breast: ... oftheofthe right breastofthe patient in two directions Mammogram oftheofthe right breastofthe patient in two directions Clearly visible the mass, located behind the nipple Page of (page...
... comparison ofthe metastatic pattern of infiltrating lobular carcinomaand infiltrating duct carcinomaofthebreast Br J Cancer 1984, 50:23-30 Lamovec J, Bracko M: Metastatic pattern of infiltrating ... negative Based on these findings, a diagnosis of metastatic invasive lobular carcinomaofbreast origin was made Discussion Cases of ILC metastasizing to the peritoneal cavity and retroperitoneum ... is the interobserver and sometimes intra-observer variability in diagnosing metastatic lobular breastcarcinoma at the time of frozen section In a series of invasive lobular versus ductal carcinoma...
... dynamic structures -the muscles crossing the elbow joint [6] Recent studies continue to develop our understanding ofthe role and importance ofthe primary and secondary stabilizers ofthe elbow Disruption ... the elbow joint and minor ectopic calcification inthe lateral joint region ofthe elbow (Figure and 4) On further questioning the patient and her parents, they recollected that the patient had ... ofthe LCLC andthe importance of each component andthe surrounding soft tissues andthe mechanism of poster lateral rotatory instability (PLRI) continue to be investigated and debated Additional...
... bosselated mass, not related to the ulcer, was noted occupying the head and neck ofthe pancreas There was no evidence of local invasion A biopsy ofthe pancreatic mass was taken The patient’s ... assisted inthe revision ofthe manuscript JP was a major contributor inthe writing ofthe manuscript and provided guidance through the process All authors read and approved the final manuscript ... diagnosis of multiple myeloma was made immediately following the diagnosis ofthe plasmacytoma ofthe pancreas The typical presentation of extramedullary plasmacytomas ofthe pancreas includes...
... examination were normal (No other pathology was obtained.) In laboratory findings, values for C-reactive protein of 1.99 mg/dl, alanine transaminase of 26 U/litre, aspartate transferase of 14 ... was involved inthe management ofthe patient as well as writing the case reports ST took the photographs AG and MME were involved inthe correction ofthe manuscript as well as general supervision ... segment ofthe upper lobe ofthe right lung and multiple lesions neighboring the former, some of which were cystic andthe others solid (the largest was cm in diameter) In addition, a cm lesion was...
... constructing a statistical model with the controls gathered in primary care andthe cases, and later, by constructing another model with the controls gathered inthe hospitals and with the same cases ... observed in cases of stomach carcinoma, carcinomaofthe gall bladder and/ or biliary tract, and hepatomas Up until now it has not been considered as a valid instrument of SCRC screening because of ... ratio (OR) in a structural manner inthe designs of cases and controls [23] As a final step inthe validity study, a “bootstrap” analysis was applied to the complete sample of cases and controls...
... pre-processed the data to add Part-ofSpeech tags (POS) and dependencies (de Marneffe et al., 2006) between words using the Stanford Parser (Klein and Manning, 2003a; Klein and Manning, 2003b) The POS and ... excludes the emoticons and acronyms counted inthe other features, increased as well, but not as significantly The length of sentences decreased as bloggers got younger andthe number of links/images ... Facebook and MySpace Inthe future we plan on using age and other metadata to improve results in larger tasks such as identifying opinion, persuasion and power by targeting our approach in those tasks...
... was carried out using the TaqMan® microRNA assay early-access panel (AB) as per manufacturer's instructions This panel included assays for each ofthe 330 human miRNAs known at the start ofthe ... that the mechanisms facilitating tumourigenesis without differentiation may represent an avenue for targeting Ovarian cancer is the 8th leading cause of cancer in women inthe US andthe leading ... The expression of miRNAs was assessed both globally, via the expression of miRNA biosynthesis genes Drosha, Dicer and eIF6, and individually, via quantitative miRNA qPCR analysis of a panel of...
... HER2-overexpressing ovarian carcinoma Our data showed that chA21 and trastuzumab can inhibit tumor growth and angiogenesis in SKOV-3 xenograft modelandthe combination of trastuzumab with chA21 results inan ... result in poor clinical outcome Trastuzumab asthe first therapeutic anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody has been used in clinical treatment of HER2-overexpressing metastatic breastand gastric cancers ... monotherapy could inhibit human ovarian carcinoma cell line SKOV-3 growth in vitro andin vivo [16] In this study, we further investigated if more effective inhibition of angiogenesis is one of the...