... important to appreciate that, just as it took a full
half-century (1900— 53) to recognize the reality of brain acti-
vation in sleep, it has taken another half-century (19 53 20 03) for
us to come to ... impossibly difficult task and helping us to
discover the usually clear emotional salience of our dreams.
34
Dreaming
An Introductionto the Science of Sleep
J. ALLAN HOBSON, MD
OXFORD
UNIVERSITY ... yell at Richard to bid his friend stop.
For some reason, he has to go upstairs to turn off the machine
(although it appears to be fully portable and self-contained) and this
takes an inordinate...
... choice of scale. It
is therefore an important quantity in cosmology: it is an observable measure of
the rate at which the Universe is expanding.
AnIntroductionto the Science of Cosmology
xii
Preface
Universe’ ... the random arrangement can
produce fluctuations, accidental groupings; by random, and not clustered, we
mean clumped no more than would be expected on average by chance.) On a scale
larger than ... the
parameters in equation (3. 12) are: α ≈ 1.0,
∗
≈ 10
−2
h
3
Mpc
3
, (3) = 2and
L
∗
≈ 10
10
h
−2
L
. Quoted values for l fall in the range given in equation (3. 8).
3. 4 The mass -to- luminosity ratios...
... Visit toan Exotic Nightclub 26
2 .3 A Joint Ping-Pong Game 27
2.4 The One-Mile Run 29
2.5 Shielding 33
2.6 Collisions 34
2.7 Swallowing and Ejecting Photons 37
2.8 The Agents 39
2.9 Safekeeping 43
2.10 ... momentum
to knock a proton out of its place in the atom. Even an electron (with its
small mass) was too light to do so. Any radiation capable of knocking a
proton out of an atom had to consist ... wet and dry. Aristotle believed that cold and dry
were combined to form earth; cold and wet to form water; wet and hot
to form air; hot and dry to form fire. In this theory it is possible to go
from...
... Sections 9.2, 9 .3, and 9.4.
7. AUTOMATA
ã Patterns and Pattern Matching
ã Finite State Machines and Automata
ã Deterministic and Nondeterministic Automata
Reading: Sections 10.2 and 10 .3.
8. REGULAR ... opportunities to get an English-working skill and a better
knowledge in computer science.
0.2 TEXTBOOK AND HANDOUTS
There is one required text for this course:
Foundations of ComputerScience (C ... Thuật to n.
Programming Languages: Ngôn ngữ lập trình.
Automata and Formal Languages: Ngôn ngữ hình thức.
Compilers: Trình biên dịch, Chương trình dịch.
Operating Systems: Hệ điều hành.
Computer...
... abstraction
3. Write a program to solve it ==> mechanization
How to write a good computer program?
1. Design data structures
2. Design good algorithms
3. Choose an appropriate programming language to ... (2) Any defined action.
to operate: thao tác, hoạt động.
operator: người điều hành, to n tử.
operand: to n hạng.
Execution: Thực thi, chạy. The running of a program on a computer.
to execute: to ... another
object.
Statement: Câu lệnh. An sentence to make a computerto perform an action, usually in
a high-level language.
Instruction: Chæ thò. An coded operation to be performed in a computer, usually in
binary...
... 2 Region 3 Region 4
S T
16 INTRODUCTIONTOCOMPUTER SCIENCE: HANDOUT #2. SET THEORY
Code: Baûn mã chương trình. Any written program (in any programming languages,
including machine languages).
Listing: ... we can efficiently
implement those operations.
For simplicity, sets are implemented by a sorted linked list; each element is a cell.
4
6
ã
ã
31
9
42
L
M
INTRODUCTIONTOCOMPUTER SCIENCE
HANDOUT ... THEORY
K5 & K6, ComputerScience Department, Văn Lang University
Second semester Feb, 2002
Instructor: Trần Đức Quang
Major themes:
1. The Set Data Model
2. Set Algebra
3. Implementation of...
... Grade
CS101
CS101
CS101
1 234 5
67890
33 333
A
B
A−
18 INTRODUCTIONTOCOMPUTER SCIENCE: HANDOUT #3. THE RELATIONAL DATA MODEL
The last must be false since it is not in the relation.
We can use an infix notation ... the logical operators such as AND, OR, and NOT. The result of this operation is
as follows:
Course StudentId Grade
CS101
CS101
EE200
EE200
CS101
PH100
1 234 5
67890
1 234 5
22222
33 333
67890
A
B
C
B+
A−
C+
Course ... Nối tự nhiên.
20 INTRODUCTIONTOCOMPUTER SCIENCE: HANDOUT #3. THE RELATIONAL DATA MODEL
The Projection Operation
Another important operation is the projection. Suppose we want the identifiers...
... xếp.
top: Đỉnh (choàng xeáp).
INTRODUCTIONTOCOMPUTER SCIENCE
HANDOUT #4. THE LIST DATA MODEL
K5 & K6, ComputerScience Department, Vaên Lang University
Second semester Feb, 2002
Instructor: ... STACKS 25
A smart way to implement a stack by an array is to create a structure consisting of:
1. An array to hold the elements, and
2. A variable top to keep track of the top of stack.
In the ... Info2 Info3 Info4
ã
28 INTRODUCTIONTOCOMPUTER SCIENCE: HANDOUT #4. THE LIST DATA MODEL
push: Đẩy (vào chồng xếp).
pop: Nhặt, lấy (ra khỏi chồng xếp).
Postfix expression: Biểu thức hậu vị. An expression...
... tree.
r
n
1
n
2
n
3
n
4
n
5
30 INTRODUCTIONTOCOMPUTER SCIENCE: HANDOUT #5. THE TREE DATA MODEL
In the figure, r is the root and has three children: n
1
, n
2
, and n
3
. We can define
important concepts ... INTRODUCTIONTOCOMPUTER SCIENCE
HANDOUT #5. THE TREE DATA MODEL
K5 & K6, ComputerScience Department, Vaên Lang University
Second semester Feb, 2002
Instructor: Trần Đức Quang
Major ... course.
r
n
1
n
2
n
3
n
4
n
5
n
6
32 INTRODUCTIONTOCOMPUTER SCIENCE: HANDOUT #5. THE TREE DATA MODEL
in the left subtree of x have keys less than the key of x, and all nodes in the right sub-
tree have keys greater than the...
... Đường đi.
v
y
x
u
34 INTRODUCTIONTOCOMPUTER SCIENCE: HANDOUT #6. THE GRAPH DATA MODEL
1. An arrow from node a to b is written (a, b) or a → b. We call a the head of the
arc and b the tail. We ... on N. Graphs can be drawn as suggested in the figure.
2
3
1
5
7
6
4
0
38 INTRODUCTIONTOCOMPUTER SCIENCE: HANDOUT #6. THE GRAPH DATA MODEL
Neighbor: Lân cận.
Adjacency List: Danh sách kề.
Adjacency ... BOOLEAN as a synonym for int.
typedef int BOOLEAN;
BOOLEAN arcs[MAX][MAX];
The adjacency matrix for our graph is shown below. We use 1 for TRUE and 0 for
FALSE.
For an undirected graph, an edge can...
... 7 .3 DETERMINISTIC AND NONDETERMINISTIC AUTOMATA 41
7 .3 DETERMINISTIC AND NONDETERMINISTIC AUTOMATA
The automaton discussed in the previous section has an important property. For any
state s and ... not to have multi-
ple transitions on one symbol.
44 INTRODUCTIONTOCOMPUTER SCIENCE: HANDOUT #7. AUTOMATA
Assignment operator: Toaùn tử gán.
Statement-terminator: Dấu kết thúc câu lệnh.
Instance: ... 1 0
1
0
1 0
INTRODUCTIONTOCOMPUTER SCIENCE
HANDOUT #7. AUTOMATA
K5 & K6, ComputerScience Department, Văn Lang University
Second semester Feb, 2002
Instructor: Trần Đức Quang
Major themes:
1....
... labs offer practical skills and tips that you can immediately put to use.
Our expert instructors draw upon their experiences to help you understand key concepts and how to apply
them to your specific ... 2008. You can use the ICT to assign an administrator pass-
Glenn Weadock, Global Knowledge Instructor & Developer, MCSE, MCT, A+
An Introductionto Windows Server
2008 Server Manager
Copyright ... Command Prompt Interface
As is Microsoft's habit these days, a command-line tool exists to provide some of Server Manager's functional-
ity. The tool is
servermanagercmd.exe, and here...
... Credit 30 6
89. Profit Sharing 30 7
90. Socialism 31 0
91. Bibliography 31 1
An Introductionto the Industrial and Social History of England
INDUSTRIAL AND SOCIAL HISTORY OF ENGLAND
CHAPTER X 13
CHAPTER ... protection to all other
weavers, dyers, and fullers who should care to come to England to live. In 133 7 a similar charter was given to
a body of weavers coming from Zealand to England. It is ... villain was required to plough so many acres in the fall
and spring; to mow, toss, and carry in the hay from so many acres; to haul and scatter so many loads of
manure; carry grain to the barn or the...
... far too
ambitious to submit to the will of their father, we find no less than six different partitions between the years
817 and 840. We cannot stop to trace these complicated and transient arrangements, ... what is France to- day, as well as the Spanish March and Flanders.
36 . The great interest of the treaty of Verdun lies in the tolerably definite appearance of a western and an
eastern Frankish kingdom, ... Facing
page 30 0
V BRONZE DOORS OF THE CATHEDRAL AT PISA } } 34 2 -34 3 VI GHIBERTI'S DOORS AT
FLORENCE }
VII GIOTTO'S MADONNA } } 34 6 -34 7 VIII HOLY FAMILY BY ANDREA DEL SARTO }
INTRODUCTION TO...