organization for economic cooperation and development oecd countries

broadband as a platform for economic, social and cultural development - lessons from asia - bb as a platform, oecd, 19 nov

Danh mục: Ngân hàng - Tín dụng

NATIONAL INTEGRATED INFRASTRUCTURE MASTER PLAN: AN IMPERATIVE FOR A SUSTAINABLE ECONOMIC GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT ppt

Danh mục: Cao đẳng - Đại học

...

Tài liệu 50 Software Tools for Speech Research and Development doc

Danh mục: Cơ khí - Chế tạo máy

... compression formats in a variety of standard and specialized formats.Sphereworkswellforsampleddatafiles,butislimitedformoregeneralspeechdatafiles. Ageneralpurpose, public-domain format (Esignal) ... contents and for loading previously saved workspaces.Anextensionmechanismistypicallyprovidedbyacommandinterpreterforasimplelanguagethatincludes the available operations and a means for encapsulating ... data types, and layout of alldata in the file. (For example, this permits programs to retrieve data by name.)There are many popular file formats, and various programs are available for converting...

Measuring Innovation in OECD and NON-OECD Countries doc

Danh mục: Tiêu chuẩn - Qui chuẩn

... ScerriStatistics฀has฀helped฀determine฀the฀form฀of฀laws฀about฀society and the฀character฀of฀social฀facts.฀It฀has฀engendered฀concepts and classifications฀within฀the฀human฀sci-ences.฀Moreover฀the฀collection฀of฀statistics฀has฀created,฀at฀the฀least,฀a฀great฀bureau-cratic฀machinery.฀It฀may฀think฀of฀itself฀as฀providing฀only฀information,฀but฀it฀is฀itself฀part฀of฀the฀technology฀of฀power฀in฀the฀modern฀state.฀(Hacking฀1991:181)This฀book฀emerged฀from฀the฀seminar฀on฀the฀Measurement฀of฀Innovation฀Activities฀in฀Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and non -OECD countries that฀was฀held฀in฀South฀Africa฀in฀2001.฀The฀motivation for that฀forum฀was฀the฀recognised฀need฀to฀address฀a฀new and exciting฀phenomenon฀in฀the฀area฀of economic policy฀formulation.฀The฀landmarks฀of฀this฀phenomenon฀were฀the฀publication฀of฀the฀1992฀Oslo฀Manual and the฀new฀Eurostat฀Community฀Innovation฀Survey฀(CIS).฀These฀events฀marked฀a฀notable฀rupture฀in฀the฀placement฀of฀innovation฀within฀macroeconomic฀policy฀formulation.฀This฀rupture฀resulted฀in฀a฀shift฀of฀innovation฀theory฀(offering,฀as฀it฀does,฀what฀may฀well฀be฀one฀of฀the฀more฀formidable฀challenges฀to฀the฀neoclassical฀account฀of economic growth)฀from฀the฀realms฀of฀a฀theoretical฀debate฀to฀praxis.฀In฀a฀way,฀the฀paradigm฀shift฀that฀had฀occurred฀in฀theory,฀with฀the฀emergence฀of฀evolutionary฀economics and innovation฀theory,฀now฀became฀manifest฀in฀a฀corresponding฀shift฀in฀the฀nature฀of฀the฀statistical฀tool฀of฀(political) economic governance.Innovation฀theory฀had฀‘arrived’, and its฀legitimacy฀was฀further฀ratified฀in฀a฀later OECD document฀ (OECD 1997)฀that฀explicitly฀articulated฀the฀theoretical฀foundation฀of฀this฀new฀type฀of฀survey,฀which฀had฀gone฀far฀beyond฀the฀previous฀data฀gathering฀on฀research฀ and development in OECD member countries. ฀The฀rupture฀marked฀a฀departure฀from฀an economic planning฀framework฀wherein฀the฀science and technology฀(S&T)฀sector฀was฀incorporated฀in฀the฀orthodox฀neoclassical฀model฀to฀an฀innovation฀theory-based฀approach฀to฀growth฀that฀fundamentally฀challenges฀this฀model.฀It฀redirected฀the฀analysis฀of฀the฀role฀of฀technology, and of฀innovation฀in฀general,฀in฀the฀growth฀of฀nations,฀away฀from฀residual฀analysis฀to฀the฀mainstream.฀This฀rupture฀thus฀arose฀from฀two฀linked฀developments.฀The฀first฀was฀the฀increasingly฀apparent฀importance฀of฀innovation฀in฀the฀growth and development of฀economies,฀especially฀in฀the฀latter฀part฀of฀the฀twentieth฀century.฀The฀second฀was฀the฀realisation฀that฀the฀essentially฀static฀analytical฀framework฀of฀mainstream฀neoclassical฀theory฀was฀ill฀suited for the฀analysis฀of฀the economic role฀of฀innovation.฀These฀two฀developments฀provided฀what฀one฀may฀call฀the฀political฀basis,฀the฀motive฀force, for the฀emergence฀of฀the฀new฀survey.The development of฀a฀new฀survey,฀seeking฀new฀data and new฀ways฀of฀organising฀information,฀is฀no฀light฀matter, and the฀significance฀of฀a฀new฀survey฀is฀obviously฀most฀pronounced฀when฀it฀reflects฀a฀shift฀in฀the฀theoretical฀base,฀in฀this฀case฀from฀neoclassical฀to฀evolutionary฀theory.฀The฀scope฀of฀surveys฀that฀are฀adopted฀by฀governments฀is฀anchored฀in฀governance, and the development of฀such฀surveys฀is฀thus฀fundamentally฀different฀from฀the฀normal฀process฀of฀academic฀enquiry.฀There฀is฀always฀an฀inevitable฀reciprocal฀relationship฀between฀the฀object฀of฀enquiry and the฀mode฀of฀enquiry,฀but฀in฀the฀case฀of฀official฀surveys,฀Free ... Common฀body฀of฀issues for comparison฀ 161Free download from www.hsrcpress.ac.za PreparedfortheDepartmentofScienceandTechnologyandtheOrganisationforEconomicCo-operationandDevelopment (OECD) bytheCentreforScience,TechnologyandInnovationIndicators(CeSTII)intheKnowledgeSystemsProgrammeoftheHumanSciencesResearchCouncilPublishedonbehalfoftheDepartmentofScienceandTechnology.PublishedbyarrangementwiththeOECD.TheopinionsexpressedandargumentsemployedhereindonotnecessarilyreflecttheofficialviewsoftheOrganisationorofthegovernmentsofitsmembercountries.PublishedbyHSRCPressPrivateBagX9182,CapeTown,8000,SouthAfricawww.hsrcpress.ac.zaâ2006HumanSciencesResearchCouncilFirstpublished2006Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthisbookmaybereprintedorreproducedorutilisedinanyformorbyanyelectronic,mechanical,orothermeans,includingphotocopyingandrecording,orinanyinformationstorageorretrievalsystem,withoutpermissioninwritingfromthepublishers.ISBN0-7969-2062-1CopyeditedbyRobynArnoldTypesetbyRobinTaylorCoverbyFarmDesignPrintmanagementbycomPressDistributedinAfricabyBlueWeaverSpecialistPublishersRepresentativesPOBox30370,Tokai,CapeTown,7966,SouthAfricaTel:+27(0)21701-4477Fax:+27(0)21701-7302email:orders@blueweaver.co.zawww.oneworldbooks.comDistributedinEuropeandtheUnitedKingdombyEurospanDistributionServices(EDS)3HenriettaStreet,CoventGarden,London,WC2E8LU,UnitedKingdomTel:+44(0)2072400856Fax:+44(0)2073790609email:orders@edspubs.co.ukwww.eurospanonline.comDistributedinNorthAmericabyIndependentPublishersGroup(IPG)OrderDepartment,814NorthFranklinStreet,Chicago,IL60610,USACalltoll-free:(800)8884741Allotherenquiries:+1(312)3370747Fax:+1(312)3375985email:frontdesk@ipgbook.comwww.ipgbook.comFree ... xiiiForewordThrough฀the฀Department฀of฀Science and Technology฀(DST),฀South฀Africa฀has฀had฀the฀benefit฀of฀observer฀membership฀on฀the OECD s฀Committee for Scientific and Technological฀Policy฀(CSTP)฀since฀1998.฀This฀allows฀South฀Africa฀to฀participate฀in฀the฀Global฀Science฀Forum฀(GSF),฀Working฀Group฀on฀Technology and Innovation฀Policy฀(TIP),฀National฀Experts฀on฀Science and Technology฀Indicators฀(NESTI) and the฀Working฀Party฀on฀Biotechnology฀(WPB).฀The฀work฀of฀NESTI,฀particularly฀in฀the฀areas฀of฀Research and Experimental Development (R&D) and Innovation฀Surveys,฀has฀been฀of฀special฀interest฀to฀the฀Department and led฀to฀the OECD and South฀Africa฀hosting฀a฀joint฀seminar฀on฀the฀measurement฀of฀innovation฀activities฀in OECD and non -OECD countries in฀Pretoria฀in฀March฀2001.฀The฀seminar฀was฀well฀attended,฀with132฀delegates฀from OECD countries and other฀regions฀of฀the฀world฀(Africa,฀Latin฀America and Asia)฀participating฀in฀a฀very฀fruitful฀exchange฀of฀experiences.฀The฀importance฀of฀regular฀measurement฀of฀both฀R&D and innovation฀through฀proper฀national฀surveys฀was฀brought฀into฀focus for South฀Africa฀at฀the฀seminar.฀I฀would฀like฀to฀take฀this฀opportunity฀to฀sincerely฀thank฀the฀Steering฀Committee and the฀team฀from฀the OECD Secretariat for their฀hard฀work฀in฀ensuring฀that฀the฀seminar฀was฀a฀success.I฀am฀pleased฀to฀report฀that฀since฀the฀seminar,฀South฀Africa฀has฀made฀rapid฀progress฀in฀establishing฀a฀reliable,฀nationally and internationally฀accepted฀set฀of฀official฀science฀ and technology฀statistics.฀These฀statistics฀in฀turn฀provide฀the฀main฀indicators฀required฀to฀underpin฀the฀implementation฀of฀South฀Africa’s฀national฀R&D฀Strategy฀as฀outlined฀by฀government.฀In฀2002,฀the฀Centre for Science,฀Technology and Innovation฀Indicators฀(CeSTII)฀of฀the฀Human฀Sciences฀Research฀Council฀was฀commissioned฀by฀DST฀to฀undertake฀a฀regular฀series฀of฀R&D and Innovation฀Surveys฀in฀order฀to฀establish฀a฀baseline฀of฀official฀S&T฀indicators.฀In฀June฀2004,฀the฀DST and Statistics฀South฀Africa฀signed฀a฀Memorandum฀of฀Agreement฀concerning฀the฀recognition฀of฀official฀national฀science and technology฀statistics.฀This฀book฀thus฀records฀an฀important฀historical฀turning฀point฀in฀South฀Africa’s฀progress฀towards฀an฀effective฀national฀system฀of฀innovation.฀The฀seminar฀brought฀to฀the฀fore฀some฀of฀the฀key฀critical฀differences฀between฀developed and developing countries in฀their฀approaches฀to฀measuring฀innovation.฀These฀differences฀are฀clearly฀reflected฀in฀the฀various฀chapters฀of฀this฀book,฀which฀cover฀some฀of฀the฀most฀important฀debates฀that฀emerged฀during฀the฀seminar.Rob฀AdamDirector-GeneralDepartment฀of฀Science and TechnologySouth฀AfricaFree...

COMMUNITY ACT FOR ECONOMIC GOVERNANCE AND CONVERGENCE IN THE UNION pdf

Danh mục: Cao đẳng - Đại học

Child health nurses in the Solomon Islands: lessons for the Pacific and other developing countries docx

Danh mục: Cao đẳng - Đại học

Risk of cancer from diagnostic X-rays: estimates for the UK and 14 other countries docx

Danh mục: Sức khỏe giới tính

Báo cáo y học: "Is Obesity Associated with an Increased Risk for Airway Hyperresponsiveness and Development of Asthma" pdf

Danh mục: Báo cáo khoa học

báo cáo khoa học: "The immunoregulatory mechanisms of carcinoma for its survival and development" docx

Danh mục: Báo cáo khoa học

Tài liệu Local Economic and Employment Development Policy Approaches in OECD Countries, A Review docx

Danh mục: Cao đẳng - Đại học

... Evidence Base, OECD, Paris. OECD Local Economic and Employment Development (LEED) Programme A Review of Local Economic and Employment Development Policy Approaches in OECD Countries Executive ... policies and programmes that affected economic growth, job creation and workforce development; craft new policies and programmes for business development and job creation; establish metrics for ... LESSONS FOR INNOVATION AND LABOUR MARKET POLICY DEVELOPMENT FROM EXISTING OECD WORK – 19 A REVIEW OF LOCAL ECONOMC AND EMPLOYMENT DEVELOPMENT POLICY APPROACHES IN OECD COUNTRIES â OECD 2008...

FEBRUARY 2008 Policy Brief: ORGANISATION FOR ECONOMIC CO-OPERATION AND DEVELOPMENT pot

Danh mục: Điện - Điện tử

... degradation), not only for human health, but also for the economy. This finding is particularly true for those OECD and non -OECD countries which have significant levels of air and water pollution. ... strong link that exists between PM exposure and premature mortality. Economic studies of water supply and sanitation interventions in both OECD and non -OECD countries demonstrated that benefit-cost ... in non -OECD countries and 90% of those dying are children. Although the health impacts of water-related diseases remain very low in OECD countries (around 0.2% of deaths), some OECD countries...

Globalization, economic crisis and national strategies for higher education development potx

Danh mục: Cao đẳng - Đại học

Economic Costs and Beneﬁts of Allocating Forest Land for Industrial Tree Plantation Development in Indonesia pdf

Danh mục: Lâm nghiệp

Báo cáo nghiên cứu khoa học " Developing an Agricultural Research and Development Priority Framework for Vietnam Economic & Policy Sub-Sector Workshop " docx

Danh mục: Báo cáo khoa học

Software Design and Development (A guide) is help you how to managed IT Project. Especially for Design and Develop software project.

Danh mục: Quản lý dự án

... prototype to investigate and resolvekey requirements and design issuesReusedDesignsDB Day 1 - Definitions & Overview What is software development ?Software development is a process ... &Physical DB Software Design & Development Software Design & Development Day 1 - Definitions and OverviewDay 2 - Software Design Software Development Day 2 - Software DesignReviewing ... schedule and budget. Day 1 - Definitions & Overview Day 1 - Definitions & OverviewSoftware development life-cycleInstallation, Operation& maintenanceNeeds Definition& development Shutdown...

For dummies PHP and MySQL web development all in one desk reference for dummies

Danh mục: Kỹ thuật lập trình

... provide information via HTML forms and see different information depending on their form input. This interac-tion leads to transactions of many types — commerce, research, forums, and so on.Building ... occa-sionally, with information you need to know. So, right now, before you forget,hop over to the PHP and MySQL Web sites and sign up for a list or two atwww.php.net/mailing-lists.php and http://lists.mysql.com.In ... language and a backenddatabase. The most popular software for this purpose is PHP for scripting and MySQL to provide the backend database. Both are specifically designed for Web sites and provide...

Tài liệu European strategy for child and adolescent health and development pptx

Danh mục: Sức khỏe trẻ em

... Nations Development Programme and the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS, the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development and the World Bank, and encourage intersectoral cooperation ... potential for health and development and to reduce the burden of avoidable disease and mortality. The intention is to encourage healthy growth and development and to reduce illness and mortality, ... Priority areas for action 24. Strategic directions for improving the health and development of children and adolescents sets forth seven priorities for WHO’s global work in child and adolescent...

Tài liệu Báo cáo " Spatial organization for rational land use and environmental protection in Uong Bi Town by functional sub-areas" docx

Danh mục: Báo cáo khoa học

... (mining, forms of land use, degree of urbanization and industrial development, rural areas and agricultural, forestry and fishery development) ; ã Assemblage of urgent environmental problems and ... 7.8, ArcGIS 9.0) were used for compiling thematic maps and territorial organization maps of land use and environmental protection. 3. Spatial organization of land use and environmental protection ... and Development Sciences, VNU Received 05 February 2007 Abstract. Spatial or territorial organization is one of effective tools for sustainable land use. Spatial organization of land use and...

Tài liệu Báo cáo " Land resources usage and agricultural production organization for resettled people in Son La hydro-electric power station project (Case study in Yen Chau District, Son La Province)" doc

Danh mục: Báo cáo khoa học

...

Tài liệu EFFECTIVE POLICIES FOR SMALL BUSINESS: A GUIDE FOR THE POLICY REVIEW PROCESS AND STRATEGIC PLANS FOR MICRO, SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT pptx

Danh mục: Tài chính doanh nghiệp

Xem thêm

Tìm thêm: hệ việt nam nhật bản và sức hấp dẫn của tiếng nhật tại việt nam xác định các nguyên tắc biên soạn khảo sát các chuẩn giảng dạy tiếng nhật từ góc độ lí thuyết và thực tiễn khảo sát chương trình đào tạo gắn với các giáo trình cụ thể điều tra với đối tượng sinh viên học tiếng nhật không chuyên ngữ1 khảo sát các chương trình đào tạo theo những bộ giáo trình tiêu biểu nội dung cụ thể cho từng kĩ năng ở từng cấp độ xác định mức độ đáp ứng về văn hoá và chuyên môn trong ct phát huy những thành tựu công nghệ mới nhất được áp dụng vào công tác dạy và học ngoại ngữ mở máy động cơ lồng sóc mở máy động cơ rôto dây quấn các đặc tính của động cơ điện không đồng bộ hệ số công suất cosp fi p2 đặc tuyến hiệu suất h fi p2 đặc tuyến mômen quay m fi p2 đặc tuyến tốc độ rôto n fi p2 đặc tuyến dòng điện stato i1 fi p2 động cơ điện không đồng bộ một pha sự cần thiết phải đầu tư xây dựng nhà máy từ bảng 3 1 ta thấy ngoài hai thành phần chủ yếu và chiếm tỷ lệ cao nhất là tinh bột và cacbonhydrat trong hạt gạo tẻ còn chứa đường cellulose hemicellulose