optical identification of minerals
Book Earth materials
... is the proud father of Kaeli, Patrick, Sierra, Keegan and Quintin of Stevens Point, WI Kevin is a professor of geology at the University of Wisconsin–Stevens Point Department of Geography and Geology ... isotopes 46 75 Crystallography Mineral properties and rock-forming minerals 111 Optical identification of minerals 145 Classification of igneous rocks 182 Magma and intrusive structures 212 Volcanic ... coal Most of the solid Earth is composed of various types of rock A rock is an aggregate of mineral crystals and/or mineraloids A monominerallic rock consists of multiple crystals of a single...
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phase equilibria, phase diagrams and phase transformations - their thermodynamic basis
... conditions of stability Sufficient conditions of stability Summary of stability conditions Limit of stability Limit of stability against fluctuations in composition Chemical capacitance Limit of stability ... minimum of F which corresponds to point B on the curve to the left That curve is the locus of all points of minimum of F, each one obtained under its own constant value of T Any state of equilibrium ... law of thermodynamics The development of thermodynamics starts by the definition of Q, the amount of heat flown into a closed system, and W, the amount of work done on the system The concept of...
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The Materials Information Company.Publication Information and alloy phase diagrams volume 3 pot
... Volume of the 8th Edition of Metals Handbook Shortly after publication of the earlier volume in 1973, recognition of the universal importance of alloy phase diagrams led to the formation of several ... [85ASM 13] (Areal fraction of a phase is the sum of areas of the phase intercepted by a microscopic traverse of the observed region of the specimen divided by the total area of the observed region.) ... consisting of short, angular particles of silicon (dark) in a matrix of aluminum 200× (c) Al-33Cu alloy showing a lamellar structure consisting of dark platelets of CuAl2 and light platelets of aluminum...
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2 4 crystal growth and phase diagrams
... Rates of growth Slowest growing faces are often most prominent Fast growth causes faces to disappear This is why minerals have common forms Halite {001} faces parallel to layers of bonded ... equilibrium with the melt (2) Minerals have homogeneous compositions throughout Fig 5-14a Lever Rule %B = qr/qs %A = rs/qs Fraction of two components relate to the relative lengths of tie lines Fig 5.5 ... Temperature (T) Mineral Stability More stable position is one of lower energy Minerals may not be stable – e.g metastable minerals Mineral contains more energy than expected from their...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo " The effect of cobalt substitution on structure and magnetic properties of nickel ferrite " pptx
... part of several tens percent of HC and the last one whereas can only reach several hundreds of gauss Thus, the increasing of Co-concentration led to the increasing of anisotropy property of ferrites ... hence it was the increasing of HC The increasing of HC proved that the soft magnetic property of ferrite NiFe2O4 changed to the hard magnetic property of ferrite CoFe2O4 Ni-Co ferrite samples ... increasing magnetic moment per formula of Ni1-xCoxFe2O4 and equivalently, an enhancement of magnetization [7].The dependence of saturation magnetization Ms as a function of Co2+ concentration is shown...
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Báo cáo khoa học: "Bayesian Synchronous Tree-Substitution Grammar Induction and its Application to Sentence Compression" pdf
... precomputed subset of rules, and with EM used just to assign weights within this grammar In summary, previous methods suffer from problems of narrowness of search, having to restrict the space of possible ... for their judgments of GS, EM, and SVM output sentences and the gold standard in terms of grammaticality (how fluent the compression is) and importance (how much of the meaning of and important information ... illustrate the merits of nonparametric inference over the space of grammars as opposed to sparse parametric inference with a fixed grammar In the following, we define the task of extractive sentence...
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Liquid-Gas Relative Permeabilities in Fractures: Effectsof Flow Structures, Phase Transformation and Surface Roughness pot
... Compendium of previous measurements of relative permeabilities in fractures .20 2.3 From Verma [1986] Comparison of experimental results from steamwater flow in porous media with those of ... distribution (b) histogram of the aperture distribution; mean=0.24mm, STD=0.05mm (c) variogram of the aperture distribution; range x ~ 20mm, range y ~25mm (d) line profile of section AA’ .33 ... flow in the smooth-walled fracture 52 3.21 Sequence of snap-shots of air-water flow behavior in HR fractures .54 3.22 Sequence of snap-shots of air-water flow behavior in RR fractures 55 3.23...
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hydrothermal properties of materials experimental data on aqueous phase equilibria and solution properties at elevated temperatures and pressures
... coordinates of molecular parameters of each model) the regions of different types of fluid phase diagrams generated from the equations of state Due to the absence of a general liquid-gas-solid equation of ... numerator indicates the number of units of solute and the denominator shows the number of units (usually one unit) of solution (or of solvent, if it is indicated) A designation of the units - g (gram), ... knowledge of the regularities of phase behavior and intersections of thermodynamic surfaces for various phases (included the solid phase) permitted derivation of not only several types of fluid...
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phase equilibria and fluid properties in the chemical industry estimation and correlation
... a forum for state -of- the-art reviews of an area of chemical engineering often referred to as "thermodynamics and physical properties." T h e reviews should represent the work of both the academic ... thank the members of the Organizing Committee: Stanley Adler, Pullman-Kellogg Co.; Howard Hanley of the National Bureau of Standards; Robert Reid of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology; and ... hydrocarbon molecules and hence of those substances in the ideal gas state This arose out of work with K m in 1936 on the entropy of ethane (1) which led to the ep determination of the potential barrier...
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phase explosion and its time lag in nanosecond laser ablation
... lag of phase explosion during excimer laser ablation of a nickel target was found to be around 5.5 ns Acknowledgements Support of this work by the National Science Foundation and the Of ce of ... measured position of the vapor front vs time (which is measured using the optical deflection technique [3] and is used to obtain the velocity of the vapor front) shown in Fig The onset of ablation obtained ... result of phase explosion occurring at laser fluence around J/cm2 Scattering of laser energy is due to large size (on the order of sub-micron or larger) droplets in the vapor plume instead of (atomic)...
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analytical atomic spectrometry with flames and plasmas
... stability 93 optical aberration 198 optical beam 165 optical conductance 59 optical emission spectrometry 112 optical spectra 8, 112 optical spectrometer 84 optical spectrometry 112 optical transmittance ... hand, the availability of optical spectra was decisive in the development of the theory of atomic structure and even for the discovery of a series of elements With the study of the relationship ... 3, 187, 270 lifetime 15, 298 lifetime of the excited state 11 limit of detection 46 limit of determination 50, 226 limit of guarantee of purity 50 limits of detection 284 LINA spark 231 LINA-sparkTM...
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Two Phase Flow Phase Change and Numerical Modeling Part 1 pot
... Investigations of Thermosyphon Loop 365 Henryk Bieliński Part Nanofluids 311 387 Chapter 17 Nanofluids for Heat Transfer Rodolphe Heyd 389 Chapter 18 Forced Convective Heat Transfer of Nanofluids in ... the Sustainer of the world, the Most Beneficent, Most Benevolent, Most Merciful, and Master of the Day of Judgment He is Omnipresent and Omnipotent He is the King of all kings of the world In ... phase flow, nanofluids, and on phase change are significant issues in a design of wide range of industrial processes and devices This book introduces advanced processes and modeling of heat transfer,...
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Two Phase Flow Phase Change and Numerical Modeling Part 3 doc
... numbers, irrespective of the amount of frost formed 4.3.3 Combined effect of tube diameter and circuiting In order to outline the advantages offered by the combined use of circuiting and CO2, ... the temperature drop in the saturation temperature is of the order of 2.6 oC in each circuit (22.5 metres) while it’s only of the order of 1.8 oC for CO2 in all the coil length (90 metres) Fig ... base configuration of Case A results in a pressure loss of 58 kPa over a single circuit in excess of 90 m, the Case B configuration uses three circuits with the respective lengths of 45.12 m, 60.16...
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Two Phase Flow Phase Change and Numerical Modeling Part 4 pot
... the effect of temperature gradient between two cylinders was investigated by Yoshio and his co-workers The aim of the present paper is investigation of understanding of the effect of different ... reduces the slope of the temperature profile for the FMHP This gives some indication of the ability of such FMHP to reduce the thermal gradients or localized hot spots The size of the source-sink ... as a function of the heat power input The enhancement of the effective thermal conductivity of the FMHP amounts to an increase of nearly 240 percent for an input heat flux rate of about 40 W,...
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Two Phase Flow Phase Change and Numerical Modeling Part 5 pptx
... the introduced mass of water is equal to the optimal fill charge The variations of the curvature radius rc are represented in Fig 15 In the evaporator, because of the recession of the meniscus in ... the development of advanced equipment for the improvement of the internal structure of the continuously cast steels A relatively important role has played the better understanding of the solidification ... the development of continuous casting machines adapted to the needs of the various steel grades a great deal of research work has been published in this metallurgical domain In one of the early...
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Two Phase Flow Phase Change and Numerical Modeling Part 6 pot
... scheme for static soft reduction (SR) is proposed with the idea of closing the gaps of the rolls according to a specific profile In this way, the reduction of the thickness of the final product ... per caster length in which static soft reduction is to be applied will be of the order of 0.7 mm/m, which is similar to generally applied practices of the order of 1.0 mm/m At the same time, for ... (2003) Strain in solidifying shell of continuous casting slabs Journal of University of Science and Technology Beijing, Vol 10, No 6, pp 26-29 Modelling of Profile Evolution by Transport Transitions...
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Two Phase Flow Phase Change and Numerical Modeling Part 7 potx
... previously measured experimentally by means of a LDA system and, due to the shape of the exit tube of the nozzle (see Fig 1), the radial component of both V and v has been considered small enough ... number Si as a function of the Reynolds number S2 configuration is the appearance of a swirless region near the axis and a shift of all the azimuthal motion to a region off the axis when the Reynolds ... total of 21 numerical simulations The analysis of the results gives the following conclusions: Firstly, taken into account that the main objective of this work was to see if the performance of the...
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Two Phase Flow Phase Change and Numerical Modeling Part 8 ppt
... function of the pulse duration that depends on the pulse duration For the sake of completeness, the values of x for a large range of pulses ratios is plotted on sub-figure of Fig The evolution of x ... Equations, J of the Aerospace Sciences, Vol 26, No 11, 767 – 768 Taylor, G I and Green, A E (1937) Mechanism of the Production of Small Eddies from Large Ones, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, ... Indeed, for large enough values of k whatever the value of n, the shape of Q abs with respect to a remains almost the same that imposes the value of x Now, the optical constants can be determined...
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Two Phase Flow Phase Change and Numerical Modeling Part 9 pot
... the optical penetration depth and electron ballistic range, respectively F is the laser fluence y is the coordinate of central spot of light front at the plane of incidence and y s is the profile ... Statistical study of single and multiple pulse laserinduced damage in glasses, Opt Express 10: 1465–1474 Gallais, L., Voarino, P & Amra, C (2004) Optical measurement of size and complex index of laser-damage ... chart of the crystal Note that the damage resistance of KDP is different as a function of the wavelength: the longer the wavelength, the better the crystal can resist to photon flux In the case of...
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