nano particles of alumina and zirconia
microstructure control of wo3 film by adding nano-particles of sno2 for no2 detection in ppb level
... addition of a small amount of SnO2 nano- particles, it is found that the sintering of WO3 lamellae was controlled and the porosity was kept as that result It can be considered that SnO2 nano- particles ... inhibited by adding nano- particles of SnO2 However the amount of addition of SnO2 nano- particles seems to have the most suitable value The sensor response, when the amount of addition increased, ... investigated the microstructure control of WO3 film by adding nanoparticles of SnO2 Experimental Sol of WO3*2H2O with lamellar-structure was prepared by the acidification of NaWO4 with a strong acid solution...
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Báo cáo hóa học: " The Fabrication of Nano-Particles in Aqueous Solution From Oxyfluoride Glass Ceramics by Thermal Induction and Corrosion Treatment" pdf
... b-(Pb,Cd)F2:Er3?,Yb3? nano- particles in aqueous solution were prepared by means of thermal induction to produce nano- particles in glass matrix and corroding the glass host by hydrofluoric acid The nanoparticles ... of nano- particles in aqueous solution and Fig 2c reveals the size distribution The average particle size is obtained as 41.7 nm, which is very close to the former calculation result of nano- particles ... glass matrix 42.6 nm And the comparison of Figs and indicates that the nano- particles formed in glass matrix are released to aqueous solution and their structure, shape and size distribution...
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Báo cáo hóa học: " Transformation of b-Ni(OH)2 to NiO nano-sheets via surface nanocrystalline zirconia coating: Shape and size retention" potx
... amount of ZrO2 is only 1/30th of that of NiO (in mol), the thickness of ZrO2 layer would be much smaller than the size of NiO nanoparticles It is suggested that the ZrO2 particles shown in Fig 4a and ... image of ZrO2-coated NiO: (a) whole image, (b) and (c) are enlarging part of hexagonal nano- sheet and surface ZrO2 particle, respectively (d) and (e) are EDXs spectra for ZrO2coated NiO without and ... ZrO2 nanoparticles that limited the sintering among the NiO nano- sheets Even after 1000 °C treatment, the shape and size of the nano- sheets were still preserved expect the slightly increase of...
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Báo cáo hóa học: "Modification of alumina matrices through chemical etching and electroless deposition of nano-Au array for amperometric sensing" pot
... route of the nanoporous alumina surfaces presented in this work makes available full removal of the alumina barrier layer from the bottom of the pores Conclusions Complete deletion of the alumina ... the bottom of the pores can be attained through step-wise decrease of anodizing voltage, several steps of chemical etching and electroless deposition of nano- Au species at the bottom of alumina ... each step of alumina formation and modification Figure depicts typical Bode plots of the electrode admittance of the aluminum electrode at different stages of the oxide matrix formation and re-construction...
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Synthesis and functionalization of micro nano particles for malicious cells detection and elimination
... pristine magnetic nanoparticles, (b) and (c) PPEGMA-immobilized nanoparticles after polymerization time of and h respectively 134 Figure 6.4 FTIR spectra of (a) pristine magnetic nanoparticles, ... time of h 140 Figure 6.7 TGA curves of (a) pristine magnetic nanoparticles, (b) CTSimmobilized nanoparticles, (c), (d), (e) PPEGMA-immobilized nanoparticles after polymerization time of h, h and ... wide scan and C 1s, Cl 2p and Si 2p core level spectra of CTS-immobilized nanoparticles 138 Figure 6.6 (a) XPS wide scan and (b) C 1s core level spectra of PPEGMAimmobilized nanoparticles...
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Separation of organic and biomolecules using nano sized magnetic particles
... SEPARATION OF ORGANIC AND BIOMOLECULES USING NANO- SIZED MAGNETIC PARTICLES PENG ZANGUO NATIONAL UNIVERISTY OF SINGAPORE 2004 SEPARATION OF ORGANIC AND BIOMOLECULES USING NANO- SIZED MAGNETIC PARTICLES ... Mixture of BSA and LSZ 95 6.1 Introduction 95 6.2 Results and Discussion 97 6.2.1 Selective Adsorption of BSA and LSZ 97 6.2.2 Sequential Adsorption of BSA and LSZ 102 6.2.3 Desorption of BSA and ... Applications of Magnetic Separation 2.2 Magnetic Particles 10 19 2.2.1 Type of Magnetic Particles 20 2.2.2 Preparation of Magnetic Particles 21 2.2.3 Interaction between Magnetic Particles and Magnetic...
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Physical effects of nano particles and polymer on vesicles
... distribution of EggPC with gold nanoparticle 64 Figure 21: SEM image of complex EggPC vesicles and gold nanoparticles 65 Figure 22: TEM image of complex of EggPC vesicles and gold nanoparticles ... between the layer of ions on 39 nanoparticle surface and the bulk liquid in which the nanoparticles are suspended It indicates the amount of charge on the surface of the nanoparticles, and is used ... reproducibility of the vesicle size and quantity may thus be problematic 10 2.3 Nanoparticles and Vesicles Nanoparticles currently are under intense scientific research because of their wide variety of potential...
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Handbook of Micro and Nano Tribology P4
... distribution of islands on Earth’s surface follows the power law N(a) ≈ a–D/2, where N is the total number of islands with area larger than a and D is the fractal dimension of the coastline of the islands ... of fractal model and experiments of Yamada et al (1978) FIGURE 4.34 Comparison among predictions of the fractal model, the GW model, and experiments of Bhushan and Dugger (1990) for contact of ... values of lx and ly can be found from Figure 4.25 by taking the intersection of a horizontal line with the Vx and Vy curves Intersections of the vertical lines through lx and ly with the Kx and...
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Handbook of Micro and Nano Tribology P8
... radius of about 30–50 nm at normal load in the range of 10–200 nN and scanning speed of µm/s on a × µm scan area cAlumina ball with 3-mm radius at normal loads of 0.1 N and average sliding speed of ... of lubrication studies of polar and nonpolar lubricants and Langmuir–Blodgett and chemically grafted films, using atomic force/friction force microscopy 8.2 Nanodeformation, Adhesive Forces, and ... dense films of long-chain molecules Bhushan et al (1995b,c) conducted micro- and macroscale friction and wear studies on single-grafted and double-grafted octodecyl (C18) and LB films and their...
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Handbook of Micro and Nano Tribology P14
... submicron (~0.5 µm) particles of typically carbon and larger particles (2 to µm) of silica Virgin single-crystal and polycrystalline silicon samples and thermally oxidized (under both wet and dry conditions) ... Ruan and Bhushan (1994a–c), Koinkar and Bhushan (1996a,b, 1997a,b), and Sundararajan and Bhushan (1998) Koinkar and Bhushan (1996a,b) and Poon and Bhushan (1995a,b) reported that rms roughness and ... roughness of the means of the tip and the sample surfaces, γt and γd are the surface energies of the tip and sample surfaces, and D0 ~ 0.2 nm (Israelachvili, 1992) As a consequence of the strong...
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Handbook of Micro and Nano Tribology P16
... review of macro- and micro/nanotribological studies of single-crystal silicon and polysilicon, oxidized and implanted silicon, doped and undoped polysilicon films and SiC films A summary of limited ... use of X-ray photolithography, electroforming, and molding processes One of the limitations of silicon microfabrication processes originally used for fabrication of MEMS devices is lack of suitable ... diaphragms and X-ray masks For a summary of SiC devices and applications, see Harris (1995) Table 16.1 compares selected bulk properties of SiC and Si(100) Because of the large band gap of SiC,...
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Handbook of Micro and Nano Tribology P5
... The properties of the surface and near-surface region are important for small particles, as will be emphasized in Sections 5.3 and 5.4 The weight of a sphere of density ρ is 4/3ρπR3 and its attraction ... chemical and mechanical properties of the surface and near-surface region of the tip and sample determine the adhesive behavior A compliant tip–sample system of large curvature radius and large ... of JKRS theory, and the pull-off force goes to –1.5πRϖ For the limit of λ equals zero, the system responds like the DMT mechanics, and the pull-off force approaches –2πRϖ Measuring the pull-off...
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Tài liệu Handbook of Micro and Nano Tribology P9 pptx
... Hysteresis Rheology of Molecularly Thin Films: Nanorheology Different Modes of Friction: Limits of Continuum Models • Viscous Forces and Friction of Thick Films: Continuum Regime • Friction of Intermediate ... surface and interfacial energies of planar surfaces as well as the strengths of materials and adhesive junctions Adhesion forces are often strong enough to deform the shapes of two bodies or particles ... diameters (Snook and van Megan, 1979, 1980, 1981; van Megan and Snook, 1979, 1981; Kjellander and Marcelja, 1985a,b; Tarazona and Vincente, 1985; Henderson and Lozada-Cassou, 1986; Evans and Parry,...
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Tài liệu Colchero, J. et al. “Friction on an Atomic Scale”Handbook of Micro and Nano Tribology P6 Handbook of Micro/Nanotribology. Ed. Bharat ppt
... knowledge A better understanding of friction and wear could save an enormous amount of energy and money, which would be positive for economy and ecology On the other hand, friction is not only ... results of moving a probe of known Miller surface of a perfect crystal and calculate how energy is generated in the various phonon modes of the crystal as a function of time.” From another point of ... pressures of about 1.5 GPa Generally, the pressures in nanoscale contacts can be much higher than the bulk yield pressure and of the order of magnitude of the theoretical yield pressure of defect-free...
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Tài liệu Handbook of Micro and Nano Tribology P10 pptx
... Measurement • Determination of Hardness and Modulus of Elasticity of Thin Films from the Composity Response of Film and Substrate 10.4 Examples of Measured Mechanical Properties of Engineering Materials ... depth-sensing nanohardness test apparatus will be described in detail followed by data analysis and use of nanohardness apparatuses for determination of various mechanical properties of interest 10.2 Nanoindentation ... nominal angle of 65.3° between the (side) face and the normal to the base at apex, an angle of 76.9° between edge and normal, and with a radius of the tip less than 0.1 µm (Figure 10.14a and b) (Berkovich,...
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Tài liệu Handbook of Micro and Nano Tribology P1 ppt
... Micro- and nanotribological techniques are ideal for studying the friction and wear processes of micro- and nanostructures Although micro/nanotribological studies are critical to study micro- and nanostructures, ... (Foster and Frommer, 1988; Smith et al., 1989, 1990; Andoh et al., 1992), to manipulate individual atoms of xenon (Eigler and Schweizer, 1990) and silicon (Lyo and Avouris, 1991), in formation of nanofeatures ... devices, MEMS, and other microcomponents 1.1 History of Tribology and Its Significance to Industry Tribology is the science and technology of two interacting surfaces in relative motion and of related...
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Tài liệu Handbook of Micro and Nano Tribology P2 ppt
... square pulse of width 12 between 310 and 356, a triangle of period 40 between 356 and 396, a triangle of period 20 between 400 and 420, a triangle of period 12 between 430 and 442, and, finally, ... intensity of the light, τ the measurement time, B = 1/τ the bandwidth, c the speed of light, and λ the wavelength of the light The shot noise is proportional to the square root of the number of particles ... plate area A of 20 µm by 40 µm and a separation of µm, one obtains a capacitance of 31 fF (neglecting stray capacitance and the capacitance of the connection leads) and a dC/dx of 3.1 × 10–8...
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Tài liệu Handbook of Micro and Nano Tribology P3 pptx
... description of issues and techniques in the physics of surfaces of interest in nanotribology This field of research is exceedingly difficult with the effects of a wide variety of materials and phenomena ... the disparity between true area of contact and apparent area of contact and the tracking of friction force with load, since the asperities and thus the true area of contact change with asperity ... Microscopy of Adhesion of Platinum and Gold to Tungsten and Iridium,” NASA TN D-6492, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Washington, D.C Brainard, W A and Buckley, D H (1973) “Adhesion and...
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Tài liệu Handbook of Micro and Nano Tribology P7 pptx
... wear, nanoscale indentation hardness measurements, and nanofabrication/nanomachining, a three-sided pyramidal single-crystal natural diamond tip with an apex angle of 80° and a radius of about ... Example of nanofabrication The letters “OHIO” (which stands for the state of Ohio) were generated by scratching a Si(111) surface using a diamond tip at a normal load of 50 µN and writing speed of ... load–displacement curves and for measurement of nanoindentation hardness and Young’s modulus of elasticity, with depth of indentation as low as nm Hardness of ceramics on nanoscales is found to...
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Tài liệu Handbook of Micro and Nano Tribology P11 docx
... Because of this danger, a thorough understanding of the strengths and weaknesses of MD simulations is crucial to both successfully implementing this method and understanding the results of others ... understanding of contact mechanics, including surface energies Today, the development of microscale © 1999 by CRC Press LLC (and soon nanoscale) machines continues to challenge our understanding of ... caused drainage of the top layer of alkane molecules from underneath the tip, increased wetting of the sides of the tip, “pinning” of hexadecane molecules under the tip, and deformation of the gold...
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