... indicator, Quinn cn – country code (1-105), see the country list Legal Institutional Variables legal – legal index, the first component of credit, enforce, shrights, and account, cross- sectional for ... given to the source Capital Account Liberalization, Institutions and Financial Development: CrossCountry Evidence Menzie D Chinn and Hiro Ito NBER Working Paper No 8967 June 2002 JEL No F36, ... IMF’s indicators of exchange restrictions with the incorporation of their intensity Fourth, cross- country differences in the legal and institutional environment for financial transactions are...
... during the financial crisis B Country- by -country estimations Table reports the results of estimating equation (3) as the first stage in the GMM procedure on a country by country basis for the second ... reflecting cross- country variations in the tightness of capital constraints, banks’ net cost of raising equity, and elasticities of loan demand with respect to changes in loan rates The country- by -country ... estimations are conducted on a country- by -country basis The number of banks included in each estimation depends on the degree of concentration of the banking system in each country and the availability...
... various bank interest rates in a euro area cross- country perspective Using a novel data set and some fairly new panel-econometric methods, we test for cross- country heterogeneity in the pass-through ... PA P E R S E R I E S N O / J A N UA RY 0 BANK INTEREST RATE PASS-THROUGH IN THE EURO AREA A CROSSCOUNTRY COMPARISON by Christoffer Kok Sørensen and Thomas Werner In 2006 all ECB publications ... generally documents a sluggish and heterogeneous bank interest rate pass-through across bank products as well as across euro area countries The present study contributes to the literature in basically...
... that the regression coefficients appear to differ across the three country groups We tested the null hypotheses of equal coefficients across the country groups These were implemented by estimating ... differ across country groups and then testing, via F-tests, restrictions of equality of the coefficients on the variables (excluding the year dummy variables) of the pairs of country groups and across ... transition country mean significantly different from developing country mean at the 10%, 5%, 1% level, respectively †, ††, ††† denote transition country mean significantly different from developed country...
... Markets, and Policies: Cross- Country and Dynamic Patterns Giuseppe Bertola* and Anna Lo Prete** Abstract We document significant and robust empirical relationships in cross- country panel data between ... Openness, Financial Markets, and Policies: Cross- Country and Dynamic Patterns Introduction This paper brings two simple theoretical insights to bear on cross- country panel data The first is that individual ... increasingly important for households to access private financial markets Our analysis of cross- country differences and country- specific trajectories in a panel dataset of government policy, financial...
... definition of country- level variables and data sources 72 Description and definition of variables and data sources to calculate market equilibrium per country 84 Regression results: Cross- country determinants ... countries 133 17 Distribution of variables for cross- country determinants of competition 138 18 Skewness, kurtosis and Kolmogorov-Smirnov test for cross- country determinants of competition 139 x LIST ... infrastructure may fundamentally change the global financial services industry To identify the cross- country determinants of competition, panel data on 1,514 banks was gathered from the BankScope...
... priority setting and implementation of initiatives at country level The corpus of grey literature was assembled primarily through the network of country representatives interviewed in the course ... training The following illustrates a spectrum of country initiatives to address pre-service and continuous training, showing the different stages per country Indonesia in particular is undertaking ... filling single expert posts rather than aiming at country coverage Drawbacks can include the lack of sustainability and limited ownership at country level The latter concern is addressed within...
... Vishny (1997) International Country Risk Guide Table I: Descriptive sample statistics, by country, and across all sample firms Panel A: Descriptive Statistics, by countryCountry Argentina Australia ... in the country And, these factors in turn are shaped by the political structures within the country For example, Treisman (2000) argues that the prevalence of corruption is related to the country s ... as their country of incorporation is unrelated to their country of operation These papers also present an excellent discussion of the institutional framework underlying trading in NYSE cross- listed...
... advantages of using panel or pooled cross- section and time-series data, which allows one to observe differences in the behavior of individual units both across cross sections as well as over time ... flow of FDI into country i/GDP of country i GDPGR = Real GDP growth rate GDPCAP = Real GDP per capita POPGR = Population growth rate OPEN = Openness CORR = Corruption ranking of a country EXPGR ... slopes are the same across all individuals (here the countries), but that the intercept differs across the individual units and/or time In our model, the intercept is made to vary across countries...
... increases the capital stock ofthe country as a result debt repayment will also increase 12 the country could possibly pay Then there is in fact no reason for the country to make the adjustment effort, ... economic growth Finally, we summarize the findings of the two panel data cross- country studies that are specific to SSA A cross section regression analysis by Elbadawi et al (1997) finds evidence ... ,u I is an unobserved country specific time-invariant effect; and it is an error term that varies through time and across countries The subscripts (i) and (t) denote the country and time dimensions,...
... reports can yield comparable and plausible indices of environmental policy performance across countries Cross- country variations in our environmental index are wellexplained by variations in income ... implementation We use all three sets of indices for the cross- country analysis reported in Section The survey instrument is included in the Appendix country scores are available on request All Table ... predictions about the probable strength and direction of empirical relationships across our sample countries We consider cross- country variations in three sets of indices: (1) Overall policy and performance,...
... psychotropic medications during the study year Analysis The cross- sectional analysis describes the total, age-and gender-specific prevalence across three countries The age and gender distributions ... [12], and Caesarean section birth deliveries [13] With respect to the sociology of medicine, each country may imprint its own particular culture; in the US this reflects its individualist and activist ... activist therapeutic mentality [14] Aims of the study The study aims to compare psychotropic drug use crossnationally among Western countries The outcome data presented for the year 2000 were the prevalence...
... and beds Page of (page number not for citation purposes) Study design A prospective, controlled cross- sectional trial was conducted in two paper-based units (PB-Us; total of 14 beds (8 + 6)) versus ... Critical Care Vol 10 No Colpaert et al Key messages • This is the first ICU study with a prospective cross- sectional design evaluating MPEs and ADEs in a CPOE unit versus a paper-based unit • CPOE...
... and level two (p=0.327), and level two and level three (p=0.225) Figure 3: Cross cultural life satisfaction scores across levels of laughter L1=LEVEL ONE; L2=LEVEL TWO; L3=LEVEL THREE http://www.medsci.org ... both samples (χ2=10.05, df=2, p>0.01) Therefore, AUR and MISS were independently analyzed Table 5: Cross cultural distributions of laughter and disease patterns Level of laughter L1 χ2 26 0.184 0.668 ... greater number of asthmatics than in level one and level two (χ2=8.58, df=2, p=0.014) Figure 2: A cross- cultural distribution of participants giving a history of bronchial asthma L1=LEVEL ONE; L2=LEVEL...
... well as a cross- border team, this paper will focus on main parts as follows: Part 1: Overview of teamwork Part 2: Dealing with cross- border teamwork approach Part 3: Building an effective cross- border ... the concepts of teamwork, cross- border teamwork and virtual teamwork It presents a framework to deal with cross- border teamwork approach and to build up an effective cross- border team This research ... cross- border teamwork approach 2.1.Key issues for understanding cultural differences Globalization context requires multicultural knowledge to achieve business results To lead successfully across...
... India and Bangladesh have shown upward trend in the prevalence of hypertension [3] India is a vast country with a heterogeneous and young population Till recent past, control and prevention of communicable ... developed countries will be expected to have a higher prevalence of hypertension than a developing country with a younger population such as India, but there are studies, which have documented a...
... my hands were soft and it was clear that the Cherokee had done run out Four Trails A Quartet of Country Tales The Forgotten Trail Sweet Kahilu The Twisted Trail Rattlers The Broken Trail The Beautiful ... fence line were all in bloom So much beauty wasted on an old man A sudden gust of wind whistled across the driveway and lifted a thousand cherry blossoms gracefully into the air, swirled them around ... tremor in his voice Betty put the take-out on the bench and sat down in a white plastic chair across from her grandfather She looked at the old man's red and swollen eyes It was so hard to grow...
... Vietnamese-English cross- cultural study of the use of hedging before giving bad news” It is hoped that this study can provide the increase of some socio-cultural knowledge and awareness needed for better cross- cultural ... intercultural or cross- cultural communication, trying to show or let the other(s) learn about their cultural values, norms, and beliefs Since intercultural communication and cross- cultural communication ... politeness” (Lecture note on cross- cultural communication, CFL-VNU, 2003: 43) The kernel thrust of the definition Nguyen Quang contributes to the intracultural and crosscultural communication...