... assisted with all measurements for arthritis GKH was the pathologist who analyzed the tissue sections HP supervised all the work and wrote the majority ofthe manuscript Acknowledgements This ... Expression of pro -inflammatory factors is similar in Wt and Bid-/- mice following serum transfer The cytokine and chemokine milieu ofthe joint is necessary for the initiation and the perpetuation ofinflammatory ... development ofinflammatory arthritis One potential factor that bridges the two apoptotic pathways isthe BH3-only protein Bid To this end, we examined the impact of deleting Bid (Bid-/-) on the development...
... where q isthe output, xi isthe level of input I, α i isthe output elasticity of input I, A is a constant, and where N isthe number of inputs The Cobb-Douglas production function isthe most ... part of this chapter uses the estimates from regressions using the number of employees as the basis of discussion ofthe results When conducting cross-sectional analysis, heteroskedasticity is often ... increase the productivity of their operations through holistic digitization of their value chain processes The balance of this chapter is organized as follows: Section 1.2 discusses the sparse...
... a major part ofthe coiled-coil region of c and the complete a-helical C-terminus as held within the top of (ab)3 The rotary axis z was aligned along the main axis ofthe shaft The ‘bearing’ ... with the torque of 56 pNÆnm The secondary structure of c is shown for the time of ns (the end of initial equilibration), 17 ns (half of turnover), 23 ns (one turnover) and 32 ns (the end of final ... during the last ns ofthe dynamics In both cases the applied torque caused a complete unfolding ofthe single-helical portion of c at the level of cR254–cV257 residues, a partial deformation of the...
... be; scientists… provide a test of whether this criterion is fulfilled.”2 Or consider the case of neuroaesthetics This new branch of empirical aesthetics is often defined as the study ofthe neural ... neuroaesthetics (or aesthetic science in general), then perhaps there iscause for skepticism about the utility of empirical aesthetics to researchers in the humanities But is this all it has to offer? ... monthly honorarium from the Society The editor is responsible for the content ofthe journal The editor is a member ofthe Board of Trustees ofthe Society and serves on the Executive Committee...
... seen, there may be several distinct derivations that generate the same parse tree The probability of a parse tree T is thus the sum ofthe probabilities of its distinct derivations Let tid be the ... corpussubtree t is converted into a context-free rule r where the lefthand side of r corresponds to theroot label of t and the righthand side of r corresponds to the frontier labels of t Indices link the ... subtree in the derivation d that produces tree T, then the probability of T is given by P(T) = ΣdΠi P(tid) Thus the DOP1 model considers counts of subtrees of a wide range of sizes in computing the...
... to make cDNA and then the ratio ofthe Housekeeper gene to the gene of interest was used Because the housekeeper gene is not affected by the treatment, the Ct and the efficiency of amplification ... population, and the expression ofinflammatory mediators is highly variable and not only dependent on the source of sepsis but also on the genetic make up ofthe host, which defines the immune response ... binding effects [10,11] On the other hand, measuring expression oftheinflammatory mediator genes may not reflect the functional activity ofthe end-protein, because this also depends on translation...
... encircle the piston and seal the combustion chamber Crankshaft: Attaches to the connecting rods and the propeller The motion ofthe pistons turns the crankshaft Connecting Rods: Attach the pistons ... with the ignition in the Off position, the mag is hot Can I take off if the oil temperature isn’t in the green? Yes, but check to make sure the engine picks up smoothly as the throttle is advanced ... Compression: The piston moves up, compressing the fuel-air mixture into a small space at the top ofthe cylinder Exhaust: After the rapidly expanding hot gasses finish moving the piston, the exhaust...
... conducted about 1867, added the lengths of all the fine roots from each of various plants He found that the total length of roots, that is, the sum ofthe lengths of all the roots, of one wheat plant ... should the work be repeated now The relative weights ofthe roots and the stems and the leaves not alone show the large quantity of roots; the total lengths ofthe roots are even more striking The ... that the roots of a well-established field of clover weighed as much as the total weight ofthe stems and leaves ofthe year's crop, and that the weight of roots of an oat crop was 43 per cent of...
... length to the depth ofthe container and preventing the development of replacement taproots The confining of lateral roots in the container and their downward growth lead to the generation of an orthogeotropic ... (i.e the inverse of hydraulic resistance) is defined as the ratio that measures water movement through the roots relative to an external driving force controlling the water flow The adequacy ofthe ... morphology and root morphology and topology For the morphological characterisation of shoots and roots and the topological characterisation of roots, 22 seedlings were taken randomly per type of container...
... and p(α) isthe proportion of genes judged significant Furthermore, the criterion C = FP + FN is minimised by choosing an optimal pair of values ofthe tuning parameter S0 in the SAM statistic Tusher ... evidence of change by pure chance The distribution of these p-values is a mixture of two components corresponding to the changed genes and the unchanged ones The basic question ‘What proportion of ... Methods Denote the pdf of p-values by f, the proportion unchanged by p0 and the distribution ofthe p-values corresponding the changed genes by f1 Then the distribution of pvalues may be written...
... to the area at the base ofthe internode where the rind tissue is light green or white in contrast to the darker green color ofthe rest ofthe internode [23] For accuracy, we have renamed this ... EPS20_Short_LIBRC3 Page of 12 could result in higher resistance by decreasing the size ofthe larval entry area Nevertheless, the role of this mechanism in other genetic backgrounds, such as in the synthetic ... part of internode = LIBR; I2, upper part ofthe internode (2 cm up from the LIBR area) structural characteristics of stems as mechanisms of resistance to MBC [5,18] The rind-puncture resistance...
... interpretation ofthe data and assisted with the drafting ofthe manuscript CV assisted in the interpretation ofthe data and the drafting ofthe manuscript VJ participated in data analysis and interpretation ... mean these drugs started to pop up all over not because they care for the people, [but because] there is money!” In our study, there was a general cynicism expressed regarding how MMT is being offered ... policies) “can inhibit the capacities of some people” at the same time as they expand the options of others (p.10) [68] Many ofthe participants in our study described the ways in which their lives have...
... Sinusitis is a frequent causeof FUO in the ICU (in this study it was the sole cause in 16% and a contributing factor in 13% of patients with FUO) • Bacterial colonisation ofthe sinuses often ... by ultrasound The CT scan remains the radiological gold standard in the diagnosis of sinusitis On the basis ofthe results of our study we recommend that hospital-acquired sinusitis be considered ... with more than one causeof fever had sinusitis and bronchitis/pneumonia; bother causes of fever included meningitis (not related to sinusitis), phlebitis and deep venous thrombosis abscesses and...
... pathogenesis and pathogen time-courses The number of components [7,36] that can be modeled is smaller than in discrete models because ofthe increase in the number of parameters The state ofthe variables ... effectively to study the progression ofthe infections Acknowledgements This opinion is an outcome ofthe discussions at the workshop organized in June 2008 at the Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics ... compatible with the existing experimental knowledge on the pathogenesis The distribution ofthe parameter values for each immune component in the model tells us about its role in the pathogenesis Recent...
... have had full access to all ofthe data in the study and take responsibility for the integrity ofthe data and the accuracy ofthe data analysis Additional data files The following additional data ... model organisms, is present in our enriched data set In light ofthe considerable overrepresentation of estrogenregulated genes identified in this study, we next asked whether there was statistically ... deliberately excluded the much larger list of GenAge genes shown to modulate lifespan in animal models, because of obvious orthologue issues Including the full GenAge list gave a figure of 3.6 genes expected...
... unlike the e-value, which changes depending on the size ofthe database We therefore defined the homology cut-off between two sequences when the bit-score ofthe BLAST hit was above 30% ofthe bit-score ... calculated the expected number of ORFans inside CAGs given the total number of ORFs in the genome, the total number of ORFs in CAGs, and the total number of ORFans Because the data had a normal distribution, ... advantage ofthe availability of a large number of genomes from closely related organisms The general strategy isthe following (Figure 1): for different groups of closely related genomes, a dataset of...
... aerial roots which arise from the main trunk or lower branches ofthe Rhizophora genus It is believed that the number of prop roots and the complexity of their structure are response to the intensity ... and Thesis Structure In this study, five research questions can be formulated to reach the objective stated in the previous section These questions form the basis for the structure of this thesis ... currents and the 20° isotherm of seawater in winter (Alongi, 2008) The common C characteristic which they all possess is their tolerance to salt and brackish waters The highest concentrations of mangrove...
... CLAUDIN-1 ISTHE DIRECT TARGET OF RUNX3 IN GASTRIC EPITHELIAL CELLS CHANG TI LING (M.Sc., National University of Malaysia) A THESIS SUBMITTED FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY DEPARTMENT OF MEDICINE ... carcinogenesis (166) Claudin-23 on the other hand, was found to be down-regulated in the intestinal type of gastric cancer (167) All these reports pointed to the link ofthe diminished level of claudins ... 1999, the Nomenclature Committee ofthe Human Genome Organization (HUGO) adopted the use ofthe term ‘RUNX’ to refer to the genes encoding the runt-related proteins, also an abbreviation for the...
... 1980 có tăng đột ngột khối u KS đàn ông trẻ tuổi kèm theo bắt đầu dịch bệnh AIDS Các nghiên cứu dịch tể cẩn thận chứng minh tăng cao bệnh KS theo bệnh lây truyền đờng tình dục (STD) yếu tố khác ... ngời bệnh Bệnh tăng sinh limphô liên kết nhiễm sắc thể giới tính (XLP-X link lymphoproliferative disease) lần đợc Barr cs (đôi bệnh đợc gọi hội chứng Duncan) phát gia đình sau đợc Purtilo nghiên ... phân tử hoàn toàn kỹ thuật phân tích khác biệt đại diện (RDArepresentational differrence analysis), hoàn toàn khác với phơng pháp chuẩn để phát virut Kỹ thuật RDA cho phép mẫu bệnh phẩm bệnh...
... process visual information [9] A neglected area concerns the contribution ofthe visual system to the genesis ofthe circadian rhythms ofthe organism Especially the direct assessment of retinal ... postulates that there is a disturbance in the homeostatic S procedure of sleep (reflecting the need ofthe organisation for sleep) c The adrenergic-cholinergic imbalance hypothesis of depression of Janowsky ... there is a specific dysfunction at the level ofthe pigmentum epithelium or the retina responsible for these findings The present study aimed to investigate the outer part ofthe visual system of...