mechanisms involved in bone biology
Báo cáo y học: "Biology of recently discovered cytokines: Interleukin-17 – a unique inflammatory cytokine with roles in bone biology and arthrits" pdf
... molecular mechanisms that regulate or have an impact on this process (for review [40,41]) Two major types of cells are involved in bone remodeling Osteoblasts, cells that are crucially involved in bone ... thus helping to maintain homeostasis in bone remodeling Conversely, the bone resorbing activity of osteoclasts causes the release of various growth factors and bone cell mitogens that induce proliferation ... to be a bone destructive cytokine Interleukin-17 in other diseases IL-17 has been implicated in numerous other disease settings Intriguingly, IL-17 is highly homologous to an open reading frame...
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Báo cáo y học: "Expression of a protein involved in bone resorption, Dkk1, is activated by HTLV-1 bZIP factor through its activation domain" potx
... transcription in an uninfected and an HTLV-1-infected T-cell line We were interested in determining whether the expression of HBZ alone induces DKK1 gene expression in T-cells, and whether the increased ... expression of genes involved in osteoblast differentiation and activation [24] Dkk1 inhibits this process by binding to LRP5/6, which competitively inhibits binding by Wnt proteins [24] Additionally, ... against Tax, Myc (C-terminal epitope tag on HBZ) and b actin, as indicated Figure HBZ activates Dkk1 expression in an uninfected and an HTLV-1-infected T-cell line (A) Dkk1 expression in uninfected...
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Characterization of the molecular mechanisms involved in ethionamide activation in mycobacteria
... wall proteins, lipoproteins and secretion systems; 3, macrophage-interacting proteins; 4, protein kinases; 5, proteases; 6, metal-transporter proteins; 7, gene expression regulators including two ... roles in INH resistance remains unascertained in a large proportion of these genes (119) Approximately 10-25% of INHR strains not contain mutations in any of the known gene targets for INH resistance, ... actinobacteria, mycolic acids consisting of βhydroxyl fatty acids with long α-alkyl side chains line the inner layer of the mycomembrane, covalently linked to arabinogalactan in the standard inner...
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A functional genomics approach for elucidation of novel mechanisms involved in GnRH regulation of the gonadotropins
... C domain is the DNA-binding domain, which consists of two zinc-finger-like motifs The D domain is a variable hinge The multifunctional C-terminal (domain E) is the ligand-dependent domain (LBD), ... Hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal Io Ionomycin IP3 Inositol 1,4,5 triphosphate JNK C-Jun NH2-terminal kinase LB Luria Bertani LH Luteinizing hormone LHR Luteinizing hormone receptor LHβ Luteinizing hormone β-subunit ... transcriptional machinery and transactivate gene transcription ER binds to the EREs on the target gene promoter via its DNA binding domain (DBD; domain C), which contains two zinc finger motifs Domain D is...
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Molecular mechanisms involved in the specification of embryonic ectoderm in the zebrafish embryo
... amino-terminal extracellular Wnt binding domain and the 18 19 carboxy-terminal PDZ-binding domain of the Fz protein are known to be essential for Fz function Deletion of the PDZ-binding domain ... GSK3β is a serine/threonine kinase involved in insulin, growth factor and Wnt signalling In the absence of Wnt signalling, GSK3β is recruited to the APC complex via interaction with Axin, where it ... Lin, 2004) Recently, it was demonstrated that Axin also plays an important role in a JNK signalling pathway by utilizing discriminatory domains for its distinct roles in the both the β-catenin...
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cell cycle control mechanisms and protocols methods in molecular biology - tim humphrey, gavin brooks
... (a G2 cyclin) (reviewed in ref 20) Cyclins bind to Cdc28/Cdc2, forming an active complex, which is associated with histone H1 kinase activity In order to bind, cyclins recognize a binding motif ... ubiquitin-activating enzymes (E1), ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes (E2 or UBC), and ubiquitin–protein ligases (E3) Multiubiquitin chains are formed on lysine side chains on the target protein, which ... spindle checkpoints have been identified, and the Aurora kinase, Ark1, is involved in monitoring unattached kinetochores in fission yeast, (164), whereas the related kinase, Ipl1, in budding yeast...
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Báo cáo y học: "Mechanisms of new bone formation in spondyloarthritis" pptx
... Entheseal new cartilage and bone formation are only seen in peripheral joints and not in the spine Inflammation with infiltration of immune populations into the joint tissues is only of short ... different effects at distinct stages [18] Interestingly, in a recent study, presented as an abstract, the investigators used a similar strategy to inhibit BMP signalling in aggrecan-induced spondylitis ... and hence bone erosion In addition, bone formation appears to be directly enhanced by stimulating WNT signalling both in vitro and in vivo [23] Both observations, blocking BMPs to inhibit ankylosis...
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Molecular biology and pathogenesis of coronavirus virus and host factors involved in viral RNA transcription
... attachment protein, S, the receptor binding protein S protein has two functional domains, the receptor binding domain, which defines the tropism of the virus as well as a membrane fusion domain, which ... synthesis Zinc finger CCHC-type and RNA binding motif (ZCRB1 alias MADP1) has been identified as a possible host protein involved in RNA synthesis of coronaviruses The protein has found to interact ... triggers signaling cascades via adaptor proteins TIR-domain containing adapter-inducing interferon β (TRIF), myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MyD88) or virus-induced signaling adapter...
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Báo cáo y học: "Functional genomics analysis of low concentration of ethanol in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells. Role of genes involved in transcriptional and translational processes"
... NM_014393 ▲ 1.52 regulation of transcription protein binding double-stranded RNA binding DNA binding ▼ 5.02 protein binding NM_001149 NM_004242 ▲- increased ▼- decreased Validation of microarray ... ethanol-induced expression and activation of cytokines and chemokines in monocytes and macrophages (including Kupffer cells) [41, 42], and ethanol-induced mucosal injury in the upper gastrointestinal ... Interestingly, HMGN3 has been found to be associated with resistance against anticancer drugs including vinblastine, topotecan, paclitaxel and doxorubincin in human hepatocellular carcinoma derived...
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Risks Involved in the Use of Herbal Products
... to inhibit phase I and induce phase II carcinogen metabolizing enzymes that initiate carcinogenesis They also inhibit the promotion stage of carcinogenesis by inhibiting oxygen radical-forming ... this kind of information are found in Ody (1993) and Moore (1995) 14.2 Inadequate Testing of Herbal Medicine Products Many medicinal herbs have not yet been subjected to testing in human clinical ... making it less effective Ginger taken with anticoagulants may increase the risk of bleeding Ginkgo taken with anticoagulants or with aspirin or other NSAIDs may increase the risk of bleeding Ginkgo...
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Protein Kinases Involved in Mitotic Spindle Checkpoint Regulation
... mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) (Shapiro et al 1998; Zecevic et al 1998) play a role in the spindle checkpoint (Table 1) Table Proteins involved in mitotic spindle checkpoint regulation Protein Proposed ... binds to Bub1 and BubR1 Protein kinase, essential for establishment and maintenance of the spindle checkpoint Protein kinase, binds to INCENP, other substrates: CENP-A, Rec8, vimentin, desmin, ... vimentin, desmin, the kinesin MCAK, histone H3 Protein kinase, binds to INCENP and Aurora B Protein kinase Identified in Drosophila, binds to Zw10 Identified in Drosophila, binds to Rod Mad2 BubR1...
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Getting Involved in Learning
... camera, you’re taking the first step to becoming interested You can become interested in what you’re about to study in the same way you became interested in the waiting-room magazine Use your hidden ... has an interest in it! You can become interested in a subject when you involve yourself in it, even when you’re just role-playing (See Chapter 5, “Learning by Doing,” for more on role-playing and ... TO STUDY find yourself getting into the magazine so much that you’re almost disappointed when it’s time for your appointment You become interested in something new—something you haven’t learned...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: Applications and trends in systems biology in biochemistry docx
... protein kinase; MCF, macrophare chemotactic factor; MCIP, modulatory calcineurin-interacting protein; MDCK, Madin Darby canine kidney; MEF, mouse embryonic fibroblast; MEK, MAP kinase/ERK kinase; ... accurately explain insulin-stimulated changes in the concentration of intracellular species and partitioning of glucose disposal in skeletal muscle Insulin propagates a rather complex coordination of ... effects of lowering vesicular monoamine transporter suggest that increases in vesicular monoamine transporter or decreases of dopamine transporter in combination with monoamine oxidase inhibition...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: Homologous expression of the nrdF gene of Corynebacterium ammoniagenes strain ATCC 6872 generates a manganese-metallocofactor (R2F) and a stable tyrosyl radical (Y•) involved in ribonucleotide reduction ppt
... suggesting that the heterologous expression of genes encoding metalloproteins can lead to incorrect metal ion incorporation This is observed in rubredoxin and desulforedoxins where zinc, instead ... & Kalinowski J (1993) Genetic Engineering of Gram-positive bacteria In Genetic Engineering of Microorganisms (Puhler A ed), pp 83–133 ¨ Wiley-VCH, Weinheim 17 Elhariry H, Kawasaki H & Auling G ... ammoniagenes restricts the incorporation of iron into R2F in vivo, even in the absence of manganese, and it is the availability of manganese that is the limiting factor determining the amount of functional...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: Identification and characterization of the transcription factors involved in T-cell development, t-bet, stat6 and foxp3, within the zebrafish, Danio rerio docx
... implicated in other protein–protein interactions, a STAT protein DNA-binding domain and an SH2 domain, which binds phosphorylated tyrosine residues in the context of a longer peptide motif within a ... domains, including an N-terminal STAT protein interaction domain, which strengthens interactions between STAT dimers on adjacent DNA-binding sites, a coiled-coil STAT protein all-alpha domain, ... STAT protein all-alpha domain, STAT protein DNA-binding domain and SH2 domain of stat6, and the zinc-finger domain, leucine-zipper domain and fork-head domain of foxp3 In addition, for stat6 and...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: Characterization of chitinase-like proteins (Cg-Clp1 and Cg-Clp2) involved in immune defence of the mollusc Crassostrea gigas docx
... Crassostrea gigas [5] Interestingly, this protein, named C gigas chitinase-like protein (CgClp1) was found to be involved in the control of growth and remodelling processes in a manner similar ... blocked by incubating sections in 0.3% hydrogen peroxide in methanol for 30 at room temperature Slides were then washed and incubated in a blocking solution according to the manufacturer’s instructions ... finding that certain mammalian CLPs such as CLP-1 and MGP40 are specifically expressed during mammary gland involution [23,24] Considering Cg-Clp2 patterns of expression, this protein could be involved...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khóa học: Characterization of the products of the genes SNO1 and SNZ1 involved in pyridoxine synthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae pptx
... Glutamine was effective in protecting the enzyme from inactivation and its effect was again dose-dependent, suggesting that inhibition by DON occurs at the active site or the glutamine-binding ... to participate in the metabolism of nucleotides In this context, the assertion that pyridoxine may be the precursor of the pyrimidine moiety of thiamin in yeast is intriguing [27] In fungi, pyroA ... respectively Identity of each protein was confirmed by N-terminal sequencing; the sequences were correct at least to the 9th cycle from the N-terminus including the initiating Met: MHKTHSTMS for Sno1p...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: A novel c-N-methylaminobutyrate demethylating oxidase involved in catabolism of the tobacco alkaloid nicotine by Arthrobacter nicotinovorans pAO1 ppt
... a protein with covalently attached flavin, synthesized only in bacteria grown in the presence of nicotine The DNA carrying the sarcosine dehydrogenase-like ORF63, corresponding to a protein of ... isoalloxazine ring (Fig 5B, broken line, number 3) Phe in place of Trp66 resulted in a protein with noncovalently bound FAD, again showing no enzyme activity, and isolation of the flavin cofactor ... Organization of the genes involved in dimethylglycine and sarcosine degradation in Arthrobacter spp implications for glycine betaine catabolism Eur J Biochem 268, 3390–3398 Minnaert, K (1965) Measurement...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: Involvement of two positively charged residues of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase in the assembly process of a bi-enzyme complex involved in CO2 assimilation doc
... potentially involved in proteinprotein interactions [13] This method indicates that among other candidates, residues Lys128 and Arg197 may be involved in protein protein interactions These residues being ... directed against recombinant C reinhardtii CP12 (1 : 2000) or a rabbit antiserum directed against recombinant C reinhardtii GAPDH (1 : 5000) Antibody binding was revealed using alkaline phosphatase ... previously shown that proteinprotein interactions can result in information transfer, imprinting effects and can modify the regulatory properties of the enzymes involved in this complex [1620] GAPDH...
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