... max P r(A|Ut , Ht ), t A∈Ω (1) where Ut is the user’s utterance, Ht is the dialogue historical information, and Ω = {A1 , , Aq } is the set of DAs Using the maximum approximation for summation, ... the function f (W, Ut ) is introduced as the ASR score function In addition, assuming that the information provided by Ut is completely conveyed in W, we can approximate the second term in (3) ... motivation for using DRs instead of the lexical words is to incorporate the part-of-speech (POS) tags information POS tags are helpful in the disambiguation of noun-and-verb homonyms in Chinese Moreover,...
... extraction range of detailed information is influenced by the result of general information extraction Thus better recall of general information leads to better recall of detailed information subsequently ... general information extraction and educational detailed information extraction, where there exists strong sequence of information pieces And the SVM model is effective for the personal detailed information ... the educational detailed information and SVM to extract the personal detailed information, respectively The block selection module is used to decide the range of detailed information extraction...
... coreferences serve as a means of information transport into the output description on the RHS of the rule Finally, the choice of feature structures as primary citizens of the information domain makes ... organization ExtraLink: Integrating Information Extraction and Automatic Hyperlinking A methodology for automatically enriching web documents with typed hyperlinks has been developed and applied to several ... Raschip, and Christian Woldsen for their contributions to developing ExtraLink References J Allen, J Davis, D Krafft, D Rus, and D Subramanian Information agents for building hyperlinks J Mayfield and...
... quantity, predictive information gain, predictive information redundancy and predictive information summation z Predictive Information Quantity (PIQ) PIQ( F ; R ) , the predictive information quantity ... the testing set, used to calculate predictive information quantity, predictive information gain, predictive information redundancy and predictive information summation The other 10% of the corpus ... information quantities of the objective features types selected respectively on the physical position information, the heuristic information of headword and modifier, and the exact headword information...
... material to add information about an already existing discourse referent (label: EPITHET) Examples representing a co-reference chain are shown in (6) Information Status The concept of information ... asymmetries are Much related work on incorporating information status (or information structure) into language generation has been on spoken text, since information structure is often encoded by means ... which they are generating with information about givenness This information is determined by detecting contradictions and parallel sentences Pulman (1997) also uses information about parallelism...
... semantics/pragmatics (keyword: given vs new information) that merely deal with the problem of accent location, neglecting its form Another strand of research deals with the coupling of information structure and ... most often is handled by using algorithms and heuristics that intermingle information on syntax, punctuation, word-class information etc in a rather unstructured way 4.2 O u r d e s i g n In our ... context only, some others (like the rule for stress shifts as described above) depend on grammatical information on levels as high up as textual representation For example, the German word for "weather"...
... conjunction of atomic formulas rather than arbitrary formula We demand that an R L D T be nonrecursive Informally R L D T nonrecursivness means that for any set of facts A, if there is a Prolog-like ... discussed in the next 315 The Normalization Process Our basic idea is to preproeess the semantic information of K L D T to create patterns of possible conjunctive contexts for each lexical predicate ... nontrivial NCE(T) (NNCE(T)) iff formula C A A does not imply truth of Foutp,,t in the theory F Informally it means that Fi,p,,t can be rewritten to Fo,,tp,t if its conjunctive context implies...
... requests, which s/he wants to specify after being presented with the current information requestMoreInfo: The user asks for more information, e.g “Can you recommend me one?”, “What is the price range ... “Yes, I’ll take that one.” This reply type indicates that the Information Presentation was sufficient for the user to make a choice addInfo: The user provides more attributes, e.g “I want something ... stochastic environment is explicitly modelled Below, we apply this framework to Information Presentation strategies in SDS using Reinforcement Learning, where the example task is to present a set of search...
... parser-based features are unnecessary for information extraction, but that work assumed the presence of lexical features We show that abstract dependency paths are a highly informative feature when performing ... matching Wikipedia infobox values and corresponding text; these examples are used to generate We also use DBpedia (Auer and Lehmann, 2007) as a collection of conveniently parsed Wikipedia infoboxes 119 ... language is semantically ambiguous, parsing infoboxes is surprisingly complex Fortunately, DBpedia (Auer and Lehmann, 2007) provides a cleaned set of infoboxes from 1,027,744 articles The matcher...
... and whether its value can be determined from the expression alone or requires other sources of information (temporalFunction and anchorTimeID) The elements encode temporal relations The ... a negative syntactic context, and POS otherwise The attribute class contains several levels of information It makes a distinction between terms that denote actions of speaking, which take the ... manually This is possible since the TempEval-1 corpus is not very large A small script was developed to place all relevant TimeML markup at the end of each paragraph in the Portuguese text, and...
... respectively Summary S ∗ is also defined as follows: S ∗ = argmax [Info( S) + λRead(S)] (1) S∈T s.t length(S) ≤ K where Info( S) indicates the informativeness score of S, Read(S) indicates the readability ... λ is a weight parameter balancing informativeness against readability, length(S) is the length of S, and K is the maximum size of the summary We introduce the informativeness score and the readability ... optimize a sequence 2.1 Informativeness Score Since we attempt to summarize reviews, we assume that a good summary must involve as many sentiments as possible Therefore, we define the informativeness...
... investigated the problem of learning aspects of Information Structure from annotated data We presented results from a study trying to verify whether Information Structure can be learned using mostly ... 3:199-244 Ivana Kruijff-Korbayov´ and Mark Steedman 2003 a Discourse and Information Structure Journal of Logic, Language and Information 12:249-259 Kluwer, Amsterdam Petr Sgall 1967 Functional sentence ... Aspects Reidel, Dordrecht Mark Steedman 2000 Information Structure and the syntax-phonology interface Linguistic Inquiry, 34:649-689 Enrich Vallduv´ 1990 The information component ı Ph.D Thesis, University...
... arguments are of the proper type for a relation can be quite informative for assessing extractions The challenge is, however, that this type information is not given to the system since the relations ... even when relations are not specified in advance In future work, we plan to develop a probabilistic model of the information computed by R EALM We also plan to evaluate the use of non-local context ... Broadhead, and O Etzioni 2007 Open information extraction from the web In Procs of IJCAI 2007 D Downey, O Etzioni, and S Soderland 2005 A Probabilistic Model of Redundancy in Information Extraction In...
... a reversible goal-directed perspective on descriptive language (Stone et al., 2003) Information State Our information state (IS) models the ongoing collaboration using a stack of tasks For a ... social, linguistic, cognitive and even perceptual and developmental processes in meaningful communication S Larsson and D Traum 2000 Information state and dialogue management in the TRINDI dialogue ... much detail as needed Clarification becomes correspondingly cumulative and open-ended Our revised information state includes a model of cumulative and open-ended collaborative activity, similar...
... bioinformatics and clinical research informatics approaches, which are comprised of methodologies from across the sub-disciplines of biomedical informatics (e.g., bioinformatics, imaging informatics, ... biomedical informaticians in translational medicine teams Biomedical Informatics Biomedical informatics is an over-arching discipline that includes sub-disciplines such as bioinformatics, imaging informatics, ... Unintended consequences of health information technology: A need for biomedical informatics J Biomed Inform 2009 14 Maojo V, Kulikowski C: Medical informatics and bioinformatics: integration or evolution...
... perspectives on informal payment for health care Social Science and Medicine 2005, 60:1445-1447 Lewis M: Informal payments and the financing of health care in developing and transition countries: Informal ... incentives INFORMAL PAYMENTS Job Dissatisfaction Lack of alternatives De-motivation Job Security Retention Access to health-care Figure A new framework for informal payments A new framework for informal ... Mwendapole) Informal payments Evidence of the existence and use of informal payments in the selected health facilities was confirmed, even if not every participant agreed that they themselves accepted informal...
... methodology is based on the concept of directed information, a variant of mutual information introduced originally in the 1970s It is shown that directed information can be successfully used for selecting ... tissue-specific and nonspecific LREs In particular, the performance of directed information is better than that of mutual information F Fabris et al present an in-depth study to BLOSUM— block substitution ... useful in, for instance, genetic profiling In both cases, the used techniques are based on mutual information The objective in the paper by A Rao et al is to discover long-range regulatory elements...
... Vancouver, Canada, and “Machine Learning Techniques for Visual Information Retrieval” in 2003 International Conference on Visual Information Retrieval, Miami, Fla Paisarn Muneesawang received ... Assistant Professor in College of Information Technology at the University of United Arab Emirates His research interests include multimedia signal processing, information system, computer vision, ... the accuracy (validity) of the identification results Based on the availability of a semantic encyclopedia for identifying the semantic entities in multimedia documents, hierarchical semantic concepts...
... low-contrast image or images with many narrow thin branches as the region information is more reliable than the edge information there The ROI class O, the class numbers K used in fuzzy cluster, ... Scholar His research interests are in medical image processing and imaging, development of medical instrument, and bioinformatics Guo Youmin was born in 1955 He is currently a Professor and Doctor ... onto the geodesic active contour model, which combines the region-based segmentation with edge information The region term is derived as minimizing the negative log-likelihood function of the...
... single items on information in other areas as well as four items on qualitative aspects (e g satisfaction with amount of information, helpfulness of information) Two of the items on information in ... information (100: max amount) by satisfaction with information satisfaction with amount of information very satisfied moderately, less satisfied and very unsatisfied overall group amount of information ... satisfied with the amount of information received, as assessed by EORT QLQINFO26 module The quantity and quality of information offered at cancer centers and the potential of new information strategies...