... paper to show the reduction in the carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions achieved by way of cogeneration System configuration A simple gas – steam combined cycle with vapor refrigeration system has ... is the steam inlet pressure (Pa) and η p is the pump efficiency 3.10 Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions saving To calculate the carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions saving, the first step is to calculate ... calculate the amount of CO2 emission ( QCO2 ) associated with the mass of coal burnt This is given by: QCO2 = C × m f ,c × η c , f (21) where C is the carbon fraction of the fuel (coal) and it can be...
... int? Mathematicians deal with concepts They can make up variables any time they want, and a single variable may have different meanings throughout the Chapter 3: Livingwith Variability — Declaring ... important Thus, 1U and 1u are equivalent Chapter 3: Livingwith Variability — Declaring Value-Type Variables Table 3-4 Common Constants Declared along with Their Type Constant Type int 1U unsigned ... variable n with all sorts of things, and the mathematician thinks nothing of it I don’t think about it much either except for that last line As the bumper stickers down here say, “Don’t mess with Texas.”...
... Structure Determines Properties • Organic compounds all contain carbon CO, CO2 , carbonates and carbides are inorganic other common elements are H, O, N, (P, S) • Carbon has versatile bonding patterns ... • Carbon uses sp3, sp2, and sp • • hybridization in forming the four bonds per carbon atom common to almost all carbon compounds With sp hybridization, there are two (2) π bonds and σ bonds With ... and σ bonds Chemistry, Julia Burdge, 2nd e., McGraw Hill Why Carbon sp3, sp2, and sp hybridization Chemistry, Julia Burdge, 2nd e., McGraw Hill FUNCTIONAL GROUPS Alkane Organicchemistry is...
... to bond with atomic orbitals of other atoms, they help to determine the shape of the molecule formed Example In much of organic (carbon) chemistry, the 2s orbital of carbon is mixed with: (a) ... bonding with three atoms; oxygen having six valence electrons will bond with two atoms; and fluorine, with seven valence electrons, will bond with one atom In forming covalent bonds with other ... Hydrocarbons 110 Functional Groups: Classes of Organic Compounds 139 Molecular Structure Isomers, Stereochemistry, and Conformational Analysis 221 Synthetic Polymers 291 Organometallic Chemistry...
... ADVICES FOR STUDYING ORGANICCHEMISTRY Keep up with your studying day to day –– never let yourself get behind, or better yet, be a little ahead of your instructor Organicchemistry is a course ... (Almost)” as a bridge from general chemistry to your beginning study of organicchemistry Once you have a firm understanding of structure, the puzzle of organicchemistry can become one of very ... AND C HEMICAL B ONDS INTRODUCTION Organicchemistry is the study of the compounds of carbon The compounds of carbon are the central substances of which all living things on this planet are made...
... Phan, Hoa T V Tran Organicchemistry , VNU-HCMC Publisher, 2010 [2] Nam T S Phan, ‘Study guide to organicchemistry , VNU-HCMC Publisher, 2009 [3] Paula Y Bruice, Organicchemistry , fifth edition, ... Optically active 22 Asymmetric carbon An asymmetric carbon is a carbon atom that is bonded to different groups Optically active (chiral) 23 Isomers with one asymmetric carbon Nonsuperimposable mirror-image ... Prentice Hall, 2007 [4] Francis A Carey, Organicchemistry , fifth edition, McGraw-Hill, 2003 [5] Paula Y Bruice, ‘Study guide and solutions manual Organicchemistry , fifth edition, Pearson Prentice...
... organicchemistry in his or her future—and that’s nearly everyone these days How to Study OrganicChemistry Work with a Pencil We were taught very early that Organicchemistry must be read with ... help you to deal with questions such as these, and many more we can’t even think up yet What Is Organic Chemistry? Organicchemistry is traditionally described as the chemistry of carbon- containing ... in organicchemistry And the future will be filled with more organicchemistry and more questions What’s a buckyball or a nanotube, and how might it be important to my life? How might an organic...
... these practices, particularly for organicchemistry laboratory Due to the nature of the organicchemistry laboratory which is more complicated than the general chemistry laboratory, many kinds ... before and combine with the first separating layers Wash the combined organic fractions with a tiny amount of water (0.3 mL) to remove any inorganic materials dissolved in the organic layers by ... Place the cotton wool both with and without activated carbon in the appropriate waste container Pour the solvents that are miscible with water down the drain and flush with copious amount of water...
... people livingwith HIV 89 Annex 4: Sources of further information 91 Nutrition Care and Support for People Livingwith HIV: Director’s Guide ii Nutrition Care and Support for People Livingwith ... people livingwith HIV Nutrition Care and Support for People Livingwith HIV: Director’s Guide 10 Facilitators should: Be convinced that nutritional care and support for people livingwith HIV ... workers Nutrition Care and Support for People Livingwith HIV: Director’s Guide 12 Course participants should; Be comfortable working with people livingwith HIV Have moderate literacy skills and...
... workers to the sexual and reproductive health needs of people living interact personally with people with HIV People livingwithwith HIV Governments and donors should acknowledge and HIV and ... abortion.29 Health care workers should be should provide pregnant women livingwith HIV with trained to provide women livingwith HIV with comprehensive insecticide-treated bed nets, tuberculosis treatment, ... reproductive health and human rights of people livinglivingwith HIV to care for themselves and their children, with HIV, it is essential that people livingwith HIV play a avoid risky behaviours and...
... dealing with women and men livingwith HIV Access to family planning services and the range of contraceptive options must be ensured for women and men livingwith HIV Particularly in countries with ... safe and effective for HIV positive women, both with asymptomatic HIV and AIDS.19 Although women livingwith HIV make up 59% of all adults livingwith HIV in sub-Saharan Africa,7 there is still ... providers must not exert any pressure on women livingwith HIV with respect to decisionmaking about pregnancy termination Induced abortion for women livingwith HIV has been overlooked in research...
... metabolites which includes: alcohols, sulphur compounds, ketones, hydrocarbons, fluorescent pigments, organic acids, esters, carbonyls, and diamines Microbial product quality or shelf-life indicators ... and identifying microorganisms associated with spoilt mango fruits in Sokoto metropolis; extract and identifying volatile organic compounds associated with spoilt sweet pepper using GC-MS Materials ... 2001) The importance of these esters has been describe to contribute to food aroma with the fact that esters with low carbon atoms are highly volatile at precursors (Izco and Torre, 2000; Nogueira...
... handling problems in organicchemistry A chapter of the book is devoted to detailed directions for carrying out the simpler operations used in laboratory work in organicchemistry In order that ... Pure Organic Compounds." A number of experiments on fats, carbohydrates, and proteins have been adapted, with the permission of the author, from a laboratory manual in descriptive organicchemistry ... covered again with the solvent, and washed as before Crystals should never be EXPERIMENTAL ORGANICCHEMISTRY washed by pouring the solvent over them while the filter-bottle is connected with the pump...
... 58 Chem Nat Substances p Introduction to OrganicChemistry An Introduction to OrganicChemistryOrganicchemistry is the study of carbon containing compounds and their properties This ... Substances p20 Introduction to OrganicChemistry Alkenes and Alkynes When hydrogen is removed from an alkane multiple carbon- carbon bonds result Hydrocarbons that contain a carbon- carbon double bond are ... most likely inorganic Organic Compounds Inorganic Compounds Use mostly covalent bonding Mostly ionic bonding Are gases, liquids or solids with low melting points Are generally solids with high melting...
... experimental operations in organicchemistry which occur with greatest frequency are those which are concerned, directly or indirectly, with the isolation and purification of organic compounds It is ... and Complete Recrystallisation Students should be supplied with distilled water and with the more common organic solvents, and also with the compounds mentioned below Taking each compound in ... universally found that departments of organicchemistry are more costly to maintain than other science departments, primarily because of the heavy consumption of organic reagents and solvents, and...
... research included 182 respondents, including women and adolescent girls livingwith HIV, male partners of women livingwith HIV, providers, and policy influentials The research explored the ... worldwide livingwith HIV Due to women’s greater physiological, socio-cultural and economic susceptibility to HIV infection, it is likely that the proportion of female adults and young women livingwith ... Number Livingwith HIV/AIDS BRAZIL3 0.7% 660,000 ETHIOPIA4 4.4% 1,500,000 UKRAINE5 1.4% 590,000 B Women and HIV Anti-Retroviral Therapy Availability Women represent 36 % of those livingwith HIV/AIDS...
... Sodium bicarbonate (aqueous) will be added to the ether solution Only the aspirin reacts with the sodium bicarbonate O O C OH O C O C acetyl salicyclic acid + NaHCO ONa O CH3 O sodium bicarbonate ... Sodium bicarbonate (aqueous) will be added to the ether solution Only the aspirin reacts with the sodium bicarbonate O O C OH O C O C acetyl salicyclic acid + NaHCO ONa O CH3 O sodium bicarbonate ... removed The aspirin is reacted with sodium bicarbonate to form a soluble salt The polymer which is insoluble is then filtered off O O C OH O C O C CH3 O sodium bicarbonate acetyl salicyclic acid...
... 114 Organic Laboratory Equipment and Procedures OrganicChemistry I and II Lab Manual Organic Laboratory Equipment and Procedures Introduction: Organicchemistry lab is different from general chemistry ... Introduction OrganicChemistry I and II Lab Manual Introduction Organicchemistry is a fascinating field Think about it, of roughly 110 elements on the periodic chart, organicchemistry is a ... “other” (or, more appropriately, “inorganic”) Now, even though we know that organic compounds can be made from inorganic compounds synthetically, the chemistry of carbon is so closely related to...
... inorganic chemistry Combustion analysis soon established that the compounds derived from natural sources contained carbon, and eventually a new definition of organicchemistry emerged: organicchemistry ... One branch was concerned with matter obtained from natural or living sources and was called organicchemistry The other branch dealt with substances derived from nonliving matter—minerals and ... mechanistic organicchemistry He is coauthor (with Richard J Sundberg) of Advanced Organic Chemistry, a two-volume treatment designed for graduate students and advanced undergraduates, and (with Robert...
... Medical Association Guide to Livingwith Diabetes ffirs.qxd 7/11/06 2:14 PM Page ii ffirs.qxd 7/11/06 2:14 PM Page iii American Medical Association Guide to Livingwith Diabetes Preventing and ... fatty meats and snack foods) with healthy plant-based fats (such as olive oil) and omega-3 fatty acids (from fish) Work with your doctor or a dietitian to come up with an eating plan that will ... fiber-rich cereal with skim milk and a piece of fruit or a hard-boiled egg and a slice of whole-grain toast (dry or with a plant sterol spread, not butter or stick margarine made with trans fats)...