iron deficiency and iron loading anemias
Chapter 098. Iron Deficiency and Other Hypoproliferative Anemias (Part 1) pps
Ngày tải lên :
07/07/2014, 04:20
... Hypoproliferative anemias are the most common anemias, and anemia associated with acute and chronic inflammation is the most common of these The anemia of inflammation, like iron deficiency, is ... anemia and reduced O delivery to tissue Table 98-1 Body Iron Distribution Iron Content, mg Adult Male, 80 kg Adult Female, 60 kg Hemoglobin 2500 1700 Myoglobin/enzymes 500 300 Transferrin iron 3 Iron ... the iron transport protein Transferrin is a bilobed glycoprotein with two iron binding sites Transferrin that carries iron exists in two forms—monoferric (one iron atom) or diferric (two iron...
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Chapter 098. Iron Deficiency and Other Hypoproliferative Anemias (Part 2) pot
Ngày tải lên :
07/07/2014, 04:20
... 20–60% and erythropoiesis is not increased, iron stores are not required However, in the event of blood loss, dietary iron deficiency, or inadequate iron absorption, up to 40 mg/d of iron can ... erythroblast Once the iron- bearing transferrin interacts with its receptor, the complex is internalized via clathrin-coated pits and transported to an acidic endosome, where the iron is released at ... system, and the cell undergoes phagocytosis Once within the RE cell, the hemoglobin from the ingested red cell is broken down, the globin and other proteins are returned to the amino acid pool, and...
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Chapter 098. Iron Deficiency and Other Hypoproliferative Anemias (Part 3) ppsx
Ngày tải lên :
07/07/2014, 04:20
... cardiac muscle cells Iron- Deficiency Anemia Iron deficiency is one of the most prevalent forms of malnutrition Globally, 50% of anemia is attributable to iron deficiency and accounts for around ... patients with anemias associated with high levels of ineffective erythropoiesis absorb excess amounts of dietary iron Over time, this may lead to iron overload and tissue damage In iron deficiency, ... of ferrous salt, iron in vegetables is only about one-twentieth as available, egg iron one-eighth, liver iron one-half, and heme iron one-half to two-thirds Infants, children, and adolescents...
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Chapter 098. Iron Deficiency and Other Hypoproliferative Anemias (Part 4) docx
Ngày tải lên :
07/07/2014, 04:20
... increase iron loss, or decrease iron intake or absorption can produce iron deficiency (Table 98-2) Table 98-2 Causes of Iron Deficiency Increased demand for iron and/ or hematopoiesis rapid growth ... prolonged iron- deficiency anemia, erythroid hyperplasia of the marrow develops, rather than hypoproliferation Causes of Iron Deficiency Conditions that increase demand for iron, increase iron loss, ... appearance of stainable iron on bone marrow aspirations— decrease As long as iron stores are present and can be mobilized, the serum iron, total iron- binding capacity (TIBC), and red cell protoporphyrin...
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Chapter 098. Iron Deficiency and Other Hypoproliferative Anemias (Part 5) ppsx
Ngày tải lên :
07/07/2014, 04:20
... Serum Iron and Total Iron- Binding Capacity The serum iron level represents the amount of circulating iron bound to transferrin The TIBC is an indirect ... depletion and iron deficiency are accompanied by a fall in serum ferritin level below 20 µg/L (From Hillman et al, with permission.) Evaluation of Bone Marrow Iron Stores Although RE cell iron stores ... better indicator of iron overload than the marrow iron stain However, in addition to storage iron, the marrow iron stain provides information about the effective delivery of iron to developing...
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Chapter 098. Iron Deficiency and Other Hypoproliferative Anemias (Part 6) doc
Ngày tải lên :
07/07/2014, 04:20
... ferritin, has been proposed to distinguish between iron deficiency and the anemia of chronic inflammation (see below) Differential Diagnosis Other than iron deficiency, only three conditions need to be ... synthesis: the thalassemias These are differentiated from iron deficiency most readily by serum iron values; normal or increased serum iron levels and transferrin saturation are characteristic of the ... TRP levels are elevated is absolute iron deficiency Normal values are 4–9 µg/L determined by immunoassay This laboratory test is becoming increasingly available and, along with the serum ferritin,...
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Chapter 098. Iron Deficiency and Other Hypoproliferative Anemias (Part 7) pdf
Ngày tải lên :
07/07/2014, 04:20
... The iron values again reveal normal stores and more than an adequate supply to the marrow, despite the microcytosis and hypochromia Iron- Deficiency Anemia: Treatment The severity and cause of iron- deficiency ... conservatively with iron replacement The foremost issue for the latter patient is the precise identification of the cause of the iron deficiency For the majority of cases of iron deficiency (pregnant ... patient with established iron- deficiency anemia, treatment with oral iron is usually adequate Multiple preparations are available, ranging from simple iron salts to complex iron compounds designed...
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Chapter 098. Iron Deficiency and Other Hypoproliferative Anemias (Part 8) pdf
Ngày tải lên :
07/07/2014, 04:20
... an empty stomach, and the serum iron is measured serially over the subsequent hours Normal absorption will result in an increase in the serum iron of at least 100 µg/dL If iron deficiency persists ... to parenteral iron therapy Parenteral Iron Therapy Intravenous iron can be given to patients who are unable to tolerate oral iron; whose needs are relatively acute; or who need iron on an ongoing ... of iron from RE sources The safety of parenteral iron particularly iron dextran—has been a concern The serious adverse reaction rate to intravenous iron dextran is 0.7% Fortunately, newer iron...
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Chapter 098. Iron Deficiency and Other Hypoproliferative Anemias (Part 9) pot
Ngày tải lên :
07/07/2014, 04:20
... aspirate stained for iron may be necessary to rule out absolute iron deficiency However, the administration of iron in this case will correct the iron deficiency component of the anemia and leave the ... increased in inflammation and acts to suppress iron absorption and iron release from storage sites The overall result is a chronic hypoproliferative anemia with classic changes in iron metabolism The ... (TNF) and interferon γ (IFNγ), neoplasms and bacterial infections suppress erythropoietin (EPO) production and the proliferation of erythroid progenitors [erythroid burst-forming units and erythroid...
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Chapter 098. Iron Deficiency and Other Hypoproliferative Anemias (Part 10) pps
Ngày tải lên :
07/07/2014, 04:20
... as hypothyroidism and starvation) where metabolic activity, and thus O2 demand, is decreased Endocrine Deficiency States The difference in the levels of hemoglobin between men and women is related ... men and women is related to the effects of androgen and estrogen on erythropoiesis Testosterone and anabolic steroids augment erythropoiesis; castration and estrogen administration to males decrease ... degree of EPO deficiency for a given level of renal failure By contrast, patients with diabetes or myeloma have more severe EPO deficiency for a given level of renal failure Assessment of iron status...
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Chapter 098. Iron Deficiency and Other Hypoproliferative Anemias (Part 11) pps
Ngày tải lên :
07/07/2014, 04:20
... common and complicate the management Folate deficiency from inadequate intake, as well as iron deficiency from blood loss and inadequate intake, can alter the red cell indices Hypoproliferative Anemias: ... EPO is particularly useful in anemias in which endogenous EPO levels are inappropriately low, such as the hypoproliferative anemias Iron status must be evaluated and iron repleted to obtain optimal ... [PMID: 10620537] Brugnara C: Iron deficiency and erythropoiesis: New diagnostic approaches Clin Chem 49:1573, 2003 [PMID: 14500582] Fleming RE, Bacon BR: Orchestration of iron homeostasis N Engl J...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: Altered expression of CD1d molecules and lipid accumulation in the human hepatoma cell line HepG2 after iron loading pptx
Ngày tải lên :
19/02/2014, 16:20
... vitro and in vivo studies of hepatic iron loading [31–35] Evidence for toxicity 159 CD1d upregulation in iron- loaded HepG2 cells caused by excess of iron in the liver is now well established and ... upregulation in iron- loaded HepG2 cells 80 100 M Cabrita et al 101 102 103 DCFH 104 100 101 102 103 Acrolein FITC 104 Fig Kinetics of iron- loading and oxidative stress parameters in iron- loaded HepG2 ... surface of HepG2 cells and culture in iron- rich media did not influence their expression (Fig 4B) CD1d protein and mRNA are upregulated in iron- loaded HepG2 cells Immunocytochemistry and immunofluorescence...
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Báo cáo y học: "Granulocyte-CSF induced inflammation-associated cardiac thrombosis in iron loading mouse heart and can be attenuated by statin therapy" pptx
Ngày tải lên :
10/08/2014, 05:21
... formation and histopathology of the ventricular tissue in I+G heart (A and B) Heart crosssection at the papillary muscle level of the LV from iron (I) only (A and C) and I+G heart (B and D) stained ... the second and fourth week Similar protocols of iron loading and G-CSF supplement to mice were previously described [3,20] Simvastatin or tirofiban treatment to I+G mice, blood counts and serum ... (n = 10/group), I+G group, I+G plus simvastatin group (I+G+St), iron only group (I), and control or C Protocols for iron loading and G-CSF supplement were the same as before A third set of male...
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Báo cáo y học: " Gene expression profiling of Hfe-/- liver and duodenum in mouse strains with differing susceptibilities to iron loading: identification of transcriptional regulatory targets of Hfe and potential hemochromatosis modifiers" pdf
Ngày tải lên :
14/08/2014, 08:20
... secondary iron deficiency or iron overload shown is a comparison of mRNA expression changes induced by Hfe disruption with changes induced by secondary iron deficiency or iron overload within the B6 and ... marked induction of Hamp1 and Hamp2 expression by secondary iron overload, and virtually complete repression by secondary iron deficiency in wild-type mice of both B6 and D2 genetic backgrounds ... Cdca7l, Ifit1 and Ifit2, Oasl2, and Scotin), innate antiviral or antimicrobial activity (Defcr4, Ddx58, and Lzp-s), and B and T cell mediated immune response (Mpa2l, Psme1, Trfrsf13b, and Tnfrsf17)...
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COLLADA: Geometry and Animation loading pptx
Ngày tải lên :
31/03/2014, 10:20
... understanding of COLLADA, even though you may be tempted to just use the importer and forget about it, it’s important that you understand the basic operations of loading data from a COLLADA file and ... the DOM and linked it etc I’m basically going to go through how to use the DOM for everything that we will need to get The DOM is very easy to understand and use, you will quickly understand it, ... float individually easily Read x, y and z of each position and add it to the Positions array for the mesh Get used to the stringstream and using it as it’s very handy I’m sure there are a ton of...
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Chapter 071. Vitamin and Trace Mineral Deficiency and Excess (Part 1) pot
Ngày tải lên :
07/07/2014, 01:20
... vitamins and trace minerals in diseases: (1) deficiencies of vitamins and minerals may be caused by disease states such as malabsorption; (2) both deficiency and excess of vitamins and minerals ... vitamin C (scurvy), and niacin (pellagra) overt deficiencies Body stores of vitamins and minerals vary tremendously For example, vitamin B12 and vitamin A stores are large, and an adult may not ... Famine, emergency-affected and displaced populations, and refugees are at increased risk for protein-energy malnutrition and classic micronutrient deficiencies (vitamin A, iron, iodine), as well...
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Chapter 071. Vitamin and Trace Mineral Deficiency and Excess (Part 2) ppt
Ngày tải lên :
07/07/2014, 01:20
... cancer ND Element Deficiency Toxicity Tolerable Upper (Dietary) Intake Level Fluoride Dental caries Dental and skeletal fluorosis, osteosclerosis Iodine Thyroid enlargement, cretinism Iron dysfunction) ... Element Deficiency Toxicity Tolerable Upper (Dietary) Intake Level mass, osteoporosis nephrolithiasis, impaired alkalai) iron absorption Copper Anemia, growth retardation, ... (nausea, vomiting, of elemental iron kilonychia, premature (fluorosis) acne-like (thyroid eruptions Muscle mg/d 1100 µg/d Thyroid T4, dysfunction, 10 labor, maternal Element Deficiency Toxicity Tolerable...
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Chapter 071. Vitamin and Trace Mineral Deficiency and Excess (Part 3) potx
Ngày tải lên :
07/07/2014, 01:20
... grains, and nuts Milled rice or grains contain little thiamine, if any Thiamine deficiency is therefore more common in cultures that rely heavily on a rice-based diet Tea, coffee (regular and decaffeinated), ... fish, and shellfish contain thiaminases, which can destroy the vitamin Thus, drinking large amounts of tea or coffee can theoretically lower thiamine body stores Deficiency Most dietary deficiency ... countries, the primary causes of thiamine deficiency are alcoholism and chronic illness, such as cancer Alcohol interferes directly with the absorption of thiamine and with the synthesis of thiamine...
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