indirect speech acts in pragmatics
Direct and Indirect speech acts in English
Ngày tải lên :
10/04/2013, 10:37
... direct speech acts
motivated by direct speech acts, indirect speech acts motivated by direct speech acts,
direct speech acts motivated by indirect speech acts and finally indirect speech acts
motivated ... by direct speech acts, direct
speech acts motivated by indirect speech acts and finally indirect speech acts
motivated by indirect speech acts.
The proportion of individual types in the play ... as I
find it most interesting from the point of view of indirectness.
The play contains four types of exchanges: direct speech acts motivated by
direct speech acts, indirect speech acts motivated...
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Báo cáo khoa học: "Plans, Inference, and Indirect Speech Acts I" potx
Ngày tải lên :
08/03/2014, 18:20
...
intuitive level, an extension to the work in Cohen
[1978] to account for indirect speech acts. Because of
space constraints, we will
need
to
depend
explicitly
on
the intuitive meanings ... conditions in the second
inference above. S might also infer that A ham a
goal of achieving not P. This is another
possible inference. Which applies in a given
setting is detemlned by the rating ... include the
speaker/wrlter holding certain beliefs about the
world,
and having
certain intentions as to how it should
change
([Austin, 1962], [Searle, 1969]).
In
Cohen [1978] and Cohen and...
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Theory and practical application of nominal clauses, adverbial clauses, direct & indirect speech in finance
Ngày tải lên :
15/04/2013, 14:57
... pronoun
in the objective case shouldn’t be used in subject position. For example, it is
very informal to say “Him singing in the shower is an interesting hobby”.
c. Bare- infinitive nominal clause
... Among
knowledge involved in the complex sentence, there are nominal clauses,
adverbial clauses, direct and indirect speech. This report looks into these matters
by including two main sections. ... When the to of the infinitive is omitted, it is called bare- infinitive. The
bare- infinitive nominal clause is used when the infinitive clause supplies a
predication corresponding to an use of...
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indirect speech
Ngày tải lên :
29/06/2013, 01:27
... Ved/V2
is/am/are+V.ing was/were+V.ing
have/has+Ved/V3 had+Ved/V3
have/has+been+V.ing had+been+V.ing
* Past forms Past perfect forms
was/were had+been
Ved/V2 had+Ved/V3
Was/were+V.ing had+been+V.ing
* Future ... The week before
DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH
(Câu trực tiếp và câu gián tiếp)
Questions in reported speech (Câu hỏi ở lời nói gián tiếp)
Ex: He said,”Where are you going?”
(Anh ấy hỏi,”Bạn đang ... (1) (2)(3) (4) (5) (6)
@ The way to change:
DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH
(Câu trực tiếp và câu gián tiếp)
Commands and requests in reported speech
(Câu mệnh lệnh và câu yêu cầu ở lời nói gián tiếp)
Khi...
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dỉect and indirect speech
Ngày tải lên :
30/06/2013, 01:27
... 2. They said, “We are coming back to our country” à……………………………………………………
3. They said, “Our flight will arrive in a few minutes.” à
……………………………………………………
4. Mary said to ... + (TO + O), “V + ……”
Gián tiếp: S + TOLD + O + TO INF….
ASKED
ADVISED
ORDERED
BEGGED
REQUESTED
INVITED
ENCOURAGED
URGED
WARNED
REMINDED
Trực tiếp: S + SAID + (TO + O), “DON’T/NEVER ... this again.” à
………………………………………………………
3- Questions
a- Wh-questions:
b-Yes-No questions:
EX:
1. He said, “Where do you live?” à ……………………………………………………………
2. She asked, “What are you doing, Ann?”...
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Bai tap Indirect Speech
Ngày tải lên :
02/07/2013, 01:25
... Change these sentences into indirect speech.
1. “I’ll come to see you on Friday if that is allright”
2. “I’ll have finished writing the report by the time you get there”
3. ... you?”
4. “You are putting on alot of weight”
5. “I have made a rapid progress in English”
6. I can’t come to the party tonight because I’m doing alot of homework”
7. “We didn’t stay in the hotel because ... can’t”
12.” They haven’t finished their work yet.”
13. “We have moved into our new house but I don’t like it as much as the old one.”
14. “I’m going out now, but I’ll be in by 9. “
15. “I’ve made...
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INDIRECT SPEECH
Ngày tải lên :
27/07/2013, 01:25
... talking.
6. “ Would you mind + Ving…?” → ask … to inf / ask if….would mind + V-ing.
“ Would you mind opening the window?”, said Jason to the boy.
→ Jason asked the boy to open the window.
→ Jason asked ... How intelligent he is!", she said. — " What a lovely garden!"
II. INDIRECT SPEECH:
1.1. Indirect speech thường dùng để kể lại, thuật lại lời nói của ng ười khác
1.2. Reporting ... whether I wanted to go by air or by sea.
* Note whether or not:
2
INDIRECT SPEECH, prepared by nguyenhuuquoc
INDIRECT SPEECH
I. DIRECT SPEECH:
1. Statement: ( Câu thông báo, gồm câu khẳng định và...
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ENGLISH GRAMMAR FOCUS-INDIRECT SPEECH
Ngày tải lên :
07/11/2013, 15:11
... Grammar
Direct and Indirect Speech
We often have to give information about what people say or think. In order to do this you can use
direct or quoted speech, or indirect or reported speech.
Direct Speech ... in the past too.
For example:
Direct speech Indirect speech
"I'm going to the cinema", he said. He said he was going to the cinema.
She said, "I can teach English online." ... to.
Direct speech Indirect speech
"I might go to the cinema", he said. He said he might go to the cinema.
You can use the present tense in reported speech if you want to say that something...
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Bài soạn Reported Speech (Indirect Speech)
Ngày tải lên :
03/12/2013, 00:11
... meaning option
1. My husband asked me not to put sticky things in our child’s pocket.
a. “Don’t put sticky things in our child’s pocket” said my husband.
b. “You don’t put sticky things in my ... “I’m living in London” She said.
~> She
7. I’ll tell Chris I saw you” She said.
~> She
8. “Please slow down!”
~> Sarah was driving too fast, so I
Reported Speech (Indirect Speech)
_ ... continuous Past continuous
Present perfect simple Past perfect simple
Present perfect continuous Past perfect continuous
Past simple Past perfect simple
Past continuous Past perfect continuous/...
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Báo cáo khoa học: "Multimodal Menu-based Dialogue with Speech Cursor in DICO II+" pptx
Ngày tải lên :
07/03/2014, 22:20
... use the system using speech
only, using traditional GUI interaction only, or us-
ing a combination of the two.
MMD enables integrated multimodality for user
input, meaning that a single contribution ... voice icon for the element
in focus.
6 Combining flexible dialogue and Speech
Cursor
Combining flexible dialogue processing with the
Speech Cursor concept
1
enables interaction where
the user may ... which in turn is implemented using TrindiKit
(Traum and Larsson, 2003).
The main goal of the original Dico application
(Olsson and Villing, 2005), (Villing and Larsson,
2006) was to develop an interface...
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Báo cáo khoa học: "A Practical Nonmonotonic Theory for Reasoning about Speech Acts" pot
Ngày tải lên :
08/03/2014, 18:20
... formalize speech acts in a
way that would permit them to be used as op-
erators in a planning system [1,2]. The central
problem in formalizing speech acts is to correctly
capture the pertinent facts ... default inferences in a natural
way within the logic. Such preferences arise in
many disparate settings in nonmonotonic reason-
ing for example, in taxonomic hierarchies [6]
or in reasoning about ... of
the speech act theory in the general hierarchy of
theories determines the way in which conclusions
drawn in those theories can defeat conclusions that
follow from speech acts. In our model,...
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Efficient indirect exciton luminescence in silicon nanowires
Ngày tải lên :
16/03/2014, 15:15
... units)
NW
Bulk
PL Intensity (arb. units)
Time (µs)
40 K
fast–decay
NW
Integrated Intensity
NW Bulk
Fig. 1. Temperature dependence of the fast-decay intensity in the
nanowire (NW) (
•
) and the integrated intensity ... radiative recombination
process is dominant. The temperature dependence of
the integrated PL intensity in the nanowire is com-
pletely dierent from that in bulk c-Si. Considering the
weak temperature ... both in the NW
and bulk c-Si ( and
). The inset shows PL decay curves at
40 K.
agreement with that of the integrated intensity, com-
pared with that in bulk c-Si. This agreement suggests
that in...
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Báo cáo khoa học: "Personalising speech-to-speech translation in the EMIME project" pptx
Ngày tải lên :
17/03/2014, 00:20
... amount of training speech. The
training speech can even be a normal quality
recording outside the studio environment, where
the target speaker is speaking to a standard micro-
phone and the speech ... has
been preliminary experiments in intra-lingual and
cross-lingual speaker adaptation (Wu et al., 2008).
For cross-lingual adaptation several new methods
have been proposed for mapping the HMM ... example,
recorded samples from the internet, to learn a new
voice.
The following systems will demonstrate the re-
sults of monolingual adaptation:
1. In EMIME Voice cloning in Finnish and En-
glish the...
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Báo cáo khoa học: "Morphological Analysis of a Large Spontaneous Speech Corpus in Japanese" pptx
Ngày tải lên :
17/03/2014, 06:20
... fourth line in Table 6 shows the accuracy
obtained when a chunking model without transfor-
mation rules was used.
The accuracy obtained by using the chunking
model was one point higher in F-measure ... POS
tagging was 94 points in F-measure (Uchimoto et
al., 2002). That is much lower than the accuracy ob-
tained by manual tagging. Several problems led to
this inaccuracy. In the following, we ... accuracy.
Considering the results obtained in this section
and in Section 4.2.1, we are now detecting short and
long word segments and their POS categories in the
whole corpus by using the following steps:
1....
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Báo cáo khoa học: "Analysis System of Speech Acts and Discourse Structures Using Maximum Entropy Model*" pptx
Ngày tải lên :
17/03/2014, 07:20
... discourse
structure analysis using DSBs. In the training
phase, the model transforms discourse structure
(DS) information in the corpus into DSBs by
comparing the DS information of an utterance ... explaining the tagged dialogue corpus we
used in section 1, we discuss the statistical
models in detail in section 2. In section 3, we
explain experimental results. Finally, we
conclude in ...
domains.
Recently, machine learning models using a
discourse tagged corpus are utilized to analyze
speech acts in order to overcome such problems
(Nagata (1994a), Nagata (1994b), Reithinger...
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