... Computational LinguisticsUsing Deep Morphology to ImproveAutomaticError Detection inArabicHandwriting Recognition Nizar Habash and Ryan M. RothCenter for Computational Learning SystemsColumbia ... identifying semanti-cally inconsistent error words. In the future, we plan to continue improving oursystem by considering smarter trainable combina-tion techniques and by separating the training ... El-Sana, and Nizar Habash. 2006.Online Arabichandwritingrecognition using Hid-den Markov Models. In The 10th InternationalWorkshop on Frontiers inHandwriting Recognition (IWFHR’10), La Baule,...
... to detecting these two kinds of errors. 3.2 Detection of omission-type errors Omission-type errors were detected by estimat-ing whether or not a necessary word string was missing in front ... by conducting experiments using our learner corpus, which contains information on learners’ errors. 1 Introduction One of the most important things in keeping up with our current information-driven ... article. By referring to information on the corrected form indicated in an error tag, the sys-tem can convert erroneous parts into corrected equivalents. 3 Errordetection method In this section,...
... 2728-9Dep 100080, Beijing, P.R.China 100101, Beijing, P.R.China 100080, Beijing, P.R.China hao.yan@mail.ia.ac.cn mimicat0401@sina.com zengguang.hou@mai.lia.ac.cn ABSTRACT In this paper, one ... network is introduced into the further classification of the text blocks and the non-text blocks in video frames. The idea of bootstrap is introduced into the training of the ANN, thus improving the ... sample set is originally a very small set. Then the Gabor features of these blocks are input to train the BP network. During the training process, the bootstrap is introduced into our method....
... packettransmitted in mini-cycle i is received in mini-cycle (i+1) and increases cwnd by one MSS. Further-more, ACKs for consecutive packets released in mini-cycle i arrive in intervals corresponding theservice ... EnvironmentsRouting AlgorithmsThere are several types of routing algorithms available for performing routing in multicast environ-ment. Some of the non-multicast specific include flooding, improved flooding ... (OSPF) link state protocol. Ituses Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) to monitor and maintain group membershipswithin the domain and OSPF link state advertisements to maintain a view...
... 2008Nosubjectivecomplaintsofmemorydecit.Nomemorydecitevidentonclinicalinterview.Subjectivecomplaintsofmemorydecit,mostfrequently in followingareas:(a)forgettingwhereonehasplacedfamiliarobjects;(b)forgettingnamesoneformerlyknewwell.Noobjectiveevidenceofmemorydecitonclinicalinterview.Noobjectivedecits in employmentorsocialsituations.Appropriateconcernwithrespecttosymptomatology.Earliestclear-cutdecits.Manifestations in morethanoneofthefollowingareas:(a)patientmayhavebecomelostwhentravelingtoanunfamiliarlocation;(b)co-workersbecomeawareofpatient'srelativelypoorperformance;(c)wordandnamendingdecitbecomesevidenttointimates;(d)patientmayreadapassageorabookandretainrelativelylittlematerial;(e)patientmaydemonstratedecreasedfacility in rememberingnamesuponintroductiontonewpeople;(f)patientmayhavelostormisplacedanobjectofvalue;(g)concentrationdecitmaybeevidentonclinicaltesting.Objectiveevidenceofmemorydecitobtainedonlywithanintensiveinterview.Decreasedperformance in demandingemploymentandsocialsettings.Denialbeginstomanifest in thepatient.Mildtomoderateanxietyaccompaniessymptoms.Clear-cutdecitoncarefulclinicalinterview.Decitsmanifest in followingareas:(a)decreasedknowledgeofcurrentandrecentevents;(b)mayexhibitsomedecit in memoryofonespersonalhistory;(c)concentrationdecitelicitedonserialsubtractions;(d)decreasedabilitytotravel,handlenances,etc.Frequentlynodecit in followingareas:(a)orientationtotimeandplace;(b) recognition offamiliarpersonsandfaces;(c)abilitytotraveltofamiliarlocations.Inabilitytoperformcomplextasks.Denialisdominantdefensemechanism.Flatteningofaffectandwithdrawalfromchallengingsituationsfrequentlyoccur.Patientcannolongersurvivewithoutsomeassistance.Patientisunableduringinterviewtorecallamajorrelevantaspectoftheircurrentlives,e.g.,anaddressortelephonenumberofmanyyears,thenamesofclosefamilymembers(suchasgrandchildren),thenameofthehighschoolorcollegefromwhichtheygraduated.Frequentlysomedisorientationtotime(date,dayofweek,season,etc.)ortoplace.Aneducatedpersonmayhavedifcultycountingbackfrom40by4sorfrom20by2s.Personsatthisstageretainknowledgeofmanymajorfactsregardingthemselvesandothers.Theyinvariablyknowtheirownnamesandgenerallyknowtheirspouse’sandchildren’snames.Theyrequirenoassistancewithtoiletingandeating,butmayhavesomedifcultychoosingtheproperclothingtowear.Mayoccasionallyforgetthenameofthespouseuponwhomtheyareentirelydependentforsurvival.Willbelargelyunawareofallrecenteventsandexperiences in theirlives.Retainsomeknowledgeoftheirpastlivesbutthisisverysketchy.Generallyunawareoftheirsurroundings,theyear,theseason,etc.Mayhavedifcultycountingfrom10,bothbackwardand,sometimes,forward.Willrequiresomeassistancewithactivitiesofdailyliving,e.g.,maybecomeincontinent,willrequiretravelassistancebutoccasionallywillbeabletotraveltofamiliarlocations.Diurnalrhythmfrequentlydisturbed.Almostalwaysrecalltheirownname.Frequentlycontinuetobeabletodistinguishfamiliarfromunfamiliarpersons in theirenvironment.Personalityandemotionalchangesoccur.Thesearequitevariableandinclude:(a)delusionalbehavior,e.g.,patientsmayaccusetheirspouseofbeinganimpostor,maytalktoimaginarygures in theenvironmentortotheirownreection in themirror;(b)obsessivesymptoms,e.g.,personmaycontinuallyrepeatsimplecleaningactivities;(c)anxietysymptoms,agitationandevenpreviouslynonexistentviolentbehaviormayoccur;(d)cognitiveabulia,i.e.,lossofwillpowerbecauseanindividualcannotcarryathoughtlongenoughtodetermineapurposefulcourseofaction.Allverbalabilitiesarelostoverthecourseofthisstage.Frequentlythereisnospeechatall,onlyunintelligibleutterancesandrareemergenceofseeminglyforgottenwordsandphrases.Incontinentofurine,requiresassistancetoiletingandfeeding.Basicpsychomotorskills,e.g.,abilitytowalk,arelostwiththeprogressionofthisstage.Thebrainappearstonolongerbeabletotellthebodywhattodo.Generalizedrigidityanddevelopmentalneurologicreexesarefrequentlypresent.Level ... Adverseeffectsofmemantinemayinclude:fatigue,pain,dizziness,constipation,anxietyandhallucinations.Table 4. Starting dose and titration schedule of memantineDrug Starting Titration Dose Increase ... memantine 5 mg 4 wks 5 mg 10 mg b.i.d. Potential Drug InteractionsMajordruginteractionsassociatedwithmemantineincludedrugswhichincreasethepH in urine(e.g.carbonicanhydraseinhibitors).Exercisecautionwhenprescribingmemantinewithotherdrugswhichundergo...
... 4)10.28Find the minimum Hamming distance of the coding scheme in Table 10.1.SolutionWe first find all Hamming distances.Example 10.5The dmin in this case is 2.10.454. An error changes ... odd number of errors.Example 10.12 (continued)10.4 In a single-bit error, only 1 bit in the data unit has changed.Note10.27The minimum Hamming distance is the smallest Hamming distance ... to errordetection and correction.indirectly, to errordetection and correction.Types of ErrorsRedundancy Detection Versus CorrectionForward Error Correction Versus RetransmissionCodingModular...
... rules from the train-ing text. The DR-DA matrix is created after cluster-ing the sentences into different dialogue acts (DAs),counting the occurrences the DRs in DA, and intro-ducing an entropy-based ... cansee that the inference of the user’s overall intentionvia DA detection is an important task in SDS.Figure 1 depicts the training and test phases ofthe SLU module and the DM module in our system.The ... the cor-responding named entity classes (NEC) in order toobtain a compact feature set.2 Models for Dialogue Act Detection Referring to the SDS depicted in Figure 1, the DA detection can be...
... satirical article beginningMissing Brazilian balloonist Padre spotted strad-dling Pink Floyd flying pig.We include both a continuous representation ofv for each article, in the form of log(v(E)), ... semantics.One common device in satire news articles isabsurdity, in terms of describing well-known indi-viduals in unfamiliar settings which parody theirviewpoints or public profile. We attempt ... selecting a newswire document; (2)hand-picking a key individual, institution or eventfrom the selected document, and using it to for-mulate a phrasal query (e.g. Bill Clinton); (3) us-ing the...
... through-put increase for the same 8× increase in nodes.To further ascertain the impact of the individual design elements,we executed TATP again using the HR+ design but alternativelyremoving: (1) ... scheduling problems with earliness and tardinesscosts. In Principles and Practice of Constraint Programming, volume 2833,pages 817–821, 2003.[19] S. Duan, V. Thummala, and S. Babu. Tuning database ... procedure routing delivering 54.1% over thebaseline approach (that otherwise coincide with the one found bySCH), secondary indexes contribute 69.6%, and combined they de-liver a 3.5× improvement....
... re-sult of human annotation errors. Almost two-thirdsof these errors involve incorrect rationality assign-ment and almost one-third involved incorrect gen-der. Incorrect number assignment ... Jeff Reynolds. 2004. Identifying Broken Plurals in Unvowelised Arabic Text. In Dekang Lin and DekaiWu, editors, Proceedings of EMNLP 2004, pages 246–253, Barcelona, Spain, July.Nizar Habash and ... 2011.Improving Arabic Dependency Parsing with Form-based and Functional Morphological Features. In Pro-ceedings of the 49th Annual Meeting of the Associ-ation for Computational Linguistics...