... computer programs. All
programming languages are formal languages.
natural language: Any of the languages people speak that have evolved nat-
urally.
portability: A property of a program that can run ... seen are declarations, assignments, and print state-
ments.
declaration: A statement that creates a new variable and determines its type.
assignment: A statement that assigns a value toa variable.
expression: ... important here: the name of the variable we pass as an
argument (argument) has nothing to do with the name of the parameter (phil).
Let me say that again:
The name of the variable we pass as an argument...
... diagrams
To keep track of which variables can be used where, it is sometimes useful to draw a stack
diagram. Like state diagrams, stack diagrams show the value of each variable, but they
also show ... Formal and natural languages 5
1.4 Formal and natural languages
Natural languages are the languages people speak, such as English, Spanish, and French.
They were not designed by people (although ... the basic elements of the syntactic structure of a program, analogous to a
word in a natural language.
parse: To examine a program and analyze the syntactic structure.
print statement: An instruction...
... analo-
gous toa word in a natural language.
parse: To examine a program and analyze the syntactic s tructure.
print statement: An instruction that causes the Python interpreter to display
a value on ... Operators and operands
Operators are special symbols that represent computations like addition and
multiplication. The values the operator uses are called operands.
The following are all legal Python ... screen.
2.3 Variable names and keywords 13
A common way to represent variables on paper is to write the name with an arrow
pointing to the variable’s value. This kind of figure is called a state diagram
because...
... Interview Likea Top MBA!”
—D
ALE
L
E
F
EBVRE
MIT graduate, Harvard Business School and Harvard Law School graduate
Former McKinsey & Company Consultant
Managing Partner, Pharos Capital
During ... be perceived as too weak in any of these major areas and expect to
get a job at a high level at Procter & Gamble. We especially valued can-
didates with extraordinary leadership abilities. ... economics major in college, and
then I taught math for a number of years. When I was ready to make
the transition to become a financial adviser, I had to communicate to
American Express why my background...
... directors, both as a mat-
ter of common sense and as a matter of policy. Boards have a com-
parative informational advantage and greater motivation to police
managerial opportunism than managers do. ... designed to assure that
transactions are executed in accordance with management policy
and are recorded properly in the accounting records (and to assure
that assets are deployed only in accordance with ... preparedness.”
Pragmatism
Practical intelligence also “acknowledges that nothing quite suc-
ceeds as planned” and that what is crucial is “pragmatic adaptability”
to what is new. And new always comes—change...
... Era:
Changing the Shape of Corporate America,” Leaders, April–June 1989.
‘‘While the stock market does not always behave rationally, Larry Cun-
ningham’s well-articulated and insightful views as ... has
taught and lectured widely, in the United States and abroad, at
schools and business organizations of all kinds. He has served as a
consultant to corporate boards of directors, law and accounting
firms, ... and print media. Professor Cunningham is a magna cum laude
graduate of Cardozo and earned his B .A. in economics from the
University of Delaware. He was born and raised in Wilmington, Del-
aware,...
... it’s easy to feel more likea head of cattle than a traveling
gentleman.
But a gentleman always does what he must do, and regardless of the circumstances, makes
things as pleasant and smooth as ... comments!
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the aisle of the plane as he
struggles against all ... odds to
cram a bag that’s never
going to fit into the
overhead compartment , and
then finally has to give it to
the flight attendant to check.
Saving money by avoiding
the checked-bag fee is great,
and...