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... question about a spot he knew intim- ately, and the temptation to exhibit his superiority over us had proved too great. Not only was his nationality a secret, but many of his actions puzzled us considerably. ... other fellows to understand our conversation we spoke in his tongue. But of what he was saying to this stranger, I could only under- stand one or two words and they conveyed to me no meaning. The ... contortions of the victim's face. Yet those assembled were gleeful and excited. Omar was the son of their unconquerable enemy, and they delighted in witnessing his humili- ation and agony....

... Whittington called for eorts to alleviate congestion in the nation’s metropolitan areas. He argued that congestion mitigation could improve the reliability of shipping and save billions of dollars ... can help create the conditions that make for a stronger economy, make a stronger economy possible. But it’s you, all of you in this audience here, who are in the position to make it a reality. ... recent economic diculties, and oered both simple and innovative policy suggestions to ease restrictions on nancial institutions lending to small business, to simplify regulations on small...

... the interior, and I confess I soon began to tire of the monotony of the terrible gloom. But to all my questions Omar would reply: "Patience. In Africa we have violent contrasts always. To-day ... contortions of the victim's face. Yet those assembled were gleeful and excited. Omar was the son of their unconquerable enemy, and they delighted in witnessing his humili- ation and agony. ... subjects, until I found I could under- stand a large portion of a conversation and could even give directions to our carriers in their own tongue. Omar was in high spirits, eager, it seemed, to return...

... proposals relied on ultrasonic or RF only communi- cation. Since ultrasonic distance bounding is vulnerable to relay attacks [42], RF distance bounding is the only viable option for use in PKES ... physical-layer relay attacks. Section 4 presents the results of the experiments we conducted on 10 different PKES models. Section 5 describes the conse- quences and implications of these attacks, countermeasures are ... security implications of that mode of operation in Section 6. 3 Relay Attack on Smart Key Systems In this section we first describe generic relay attacks, and then we present the attacks that we...

... our usage simulation on the telephone ap- plication; an application installed on all Android smart- phones. Although the phone application is not repre- sentative of all application usage, it has ... right, depending on the phones cur- rent orientation. Additionally, there may be combinations of these. For each phone in the experiment – two G1 phones and two Nexus 1 phones – we consider 3 usage ... 4 Cumulative Fraction at or Above Rating Rating Phone A Phone B Phone C Phone D Figure 4: Cumulative Fraction Graph for Experiment 1: For each rating and phone, the cumulative fraction of photos scoring...

... away the thick crimson carpet placed it upon the floor of polished marble in front of Samory's divan. A slave boy had, in response to a sign from the great chief, lit his long pipe with its ... other fellows to understand our conversation we spoke in his tongue. But of what he was saying to this stranger, I could only under- stand one or two words and they conveyed to me no meaning. The ... the Doctor's study, where a long consultation took place. Meanwhile among the fellows much speculation was rife as to who the stranger was, the popular opinion being that Trigger should not...

... Paper Effect of Acute Administration of an Herbal Preparation on Blood Pressure and Heart Rate in Humans John G. Seifert 1  , Aaron Nelson 2 , Julia Devonish 2 , Edmund R. Burke 3 , and Sidney ... caffeine consumption (Table 5). The effects based on number of subjects per group were all below 0.4, in- dicating low to moderate influence. Table 3. The effects of supplementation on cardiovascular ... group on the para position of the benzene ring) which is found in C. aurantium, and m-synephrine (phe- nylephrine; with the hydroxyl group on the meta po- sition) which is used in nasal decongestants...

... WALLACE declared it “one of the greatest boons that could be conferred on the human race,” and he begged that, as “England had the honor of the invention,” they might not “lose the honor of being ... contiguous places, is, in part, a contribution.” It is a forced contribution, levied not upon the property of the people, but upon their intelligence and affections. Our letters are taxed to pay ... measure which is the greatest boon conferred in modern times on all the social interests of the civilized world.” The unspeakable benefits conferred by cheap postage upon the people, are equalled...

... standpoint alone. From this great ulcer in the heart of London a deadly poison passes far and wide into the national organism. The ulcer is there still for the knife of some strong man to excise, ... dictated letters, swore at the telephone operator, and carried on conversation with a number of persons all at the same time. It was a marvellous demonstration of what a man could do in an emergency, ... experience, standing on a great stack of boxes of loaded ammunition beside Colonel Morrison and the medical officer Lt Col. McCrae, talking to the brigade drawn up at attention around us. It was...

... fluctuated between 68.3 and 77.5%, food conversion rate was spent from 1.16 to1.50 and feed intake was consumed from 0.11 to 0.13 g/day. To conclude, concentration of alkalinity ranged from 40 to ... alkalinity on growth performance of white leg shrimp (Peneaus vannamei) cultured in low salinity environment (4‰)” was carried out at hatchery lab’s Faculty of Fisheries, Nong Lam University. White ... lượng Sodium carbonate (Na 2 CO 3 ) như ở bảng 2.1. Lượng Sodium carbonate (Na 2 CO 3 )được cân chính xác với cân có 4 số lẻ. Sau khi cân xong, Sodium carbonate được cho vào trong 12 lọ, mỗi...

... DRAFTWorkingPapersVersion040510 eithersettleforexcessdiethatfoundriesfabricatedforsomeotherapplication,ortrytocomeupwithadesign thatsomefoundrycanthenfabricatebutwithnoguaranteethatitwillworkasdesired.Furthermore,thelackof softwaredesigntoolsandconsistentqualifiedprocessesmeanquickturnaroundisnotpossible.Eveniftheinitial diesworkasdesired,thereisnoguaranteethatthediesfabricated on subsequentrunswillhavecomparable performance. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42  TheOEICwillrequirenewtechniquesandtoolsforincorporatingnon‐siliconmaterialsintotheCMOSprocess.The challengesaresignificantduetothedifferencesinlatticeconstants,whichcausethreadingdislocations,and differencesinmeltingpointsofdifferentmaterials.Forexample,theannealingtemperaturefortheCMOS transistorsourceanddrain,whichisabout1000°C,ismorethan50°abovethemeltingpointofgermanium—the preferredmaterialfora40Gbpsavalanchegainphotodetector.Notwithstandingthesechallenges,IBMhas fabricatedatransceivercompletelyinCMOS,includingafibercoupler,6‐channelWDMthatisonly20by70 microns.Eachchannelconnectstoa100‐micronlongmodulator,whichdirectlyconnectstotheelectronicdriver andadetectorthatisonly10micronslong.Thetotaldevicewithoutaringresonatorassistisonly0.5mmlong; witharingresonator,itisonly0.1mmlong. 10  NanocompositeStructuralMaterials Anareaofgrowingimportanceisdevelopmentofnano‐enhancedadvancedcompositesandrelatedstructures. SignificantdevelopmentsareunderwayintheindustrialscaleproductionofCNTsandincorporatingCNTswithin traditionalconstituentmaterialsusedtomanufacturefiberreinforcedPMCs. CNTsarehollowcylindersthatconsistofindividualormultiplewallsofagraphitelatticestructure.Multi‐walled carbonnanotubes(MWCNTs)aregenerallyeasiertoproduceandlessexpensivetomanufacturethansingle‐ walledcarbonnanotubes(SWCNTs). 11 CNTspossessextraordinarytensilestrengthandexceptionalstiffness. On a strength‐to‐weightbasis,CNTsareunmatchedbyanyothermaterial.CNTsalsopossessespeciallyhighthermal conductivityandstabilitywhilesomevariantsofCNTspossessespeciallyhighelectricalconductivityandchemical resistance. FiberreinforcedPMCsrepresentthelargestandmostdiverseapplicationforcompositescomparedwiththose producedwithmetal,ceramicorothermatrixmaterials.ApplicationsforPMCsarehighlydiverseincluding sportinggoods,aerospacedefense,andautomotive.WhilePMCshavebeeninusefordecades,theintroductionof nano‐enhancedPMCsisarecenttechnologicaldevelopmentwhichhaslargescalecommercialpotentialofacross virtuallyallmajoreconomicsectors(e.g.,publicworks,heavyindustry,energyproduction,powerdistribution, shipbuilding,consumerproducts,medicalequipment,groundtransportation,commercialaircraft,spaceanda hostofmilitaryuses). Carbonnanotubesareofrelativelyrecentorigin,withsingle‐wallCNTsbeingdiscoveredintheearly1990sand productionprocessesdevelopedsincethattime.ThereforelargescalecommercialuseofCNTsinPMCshasbeen justgettingunderwayoverthelastfewyearsbeginningwithasmallhandfulofapplications.Anumberof companiesareactivelyinvolvedwithincorporatingCNTsintovariousconstituentmaterialsthatareusedto manufacturePMCs.Nano‐enhancedconstituentmaterialscansignificantlyimprovethematerialpropertiesof PMCsandattendantstructures(e.g.,higherstrengthandlighterweight)byleveragingtheextraordinaryproperties ofCNTs.ExamplesofthetypesofPMCconstituentmaterialsthatcanbeenhancedbyCNTsincludethermoplastic andthermosetresins,adhesivesandresininfusedtextiles(knownas“prepregs”)thataresubsequentlyfabricated intolaminatedandotherPMCstructures.Additionalapproachestonano‐enhancedPMCsincludesincorporating CNTsintothemanufactureofexistingfibersareusedtoreinforcePMCsaswellasdevelopingentirelyalternative formsofnewfibersproducedfromCNTs.  10 YuriVlasov,IBMResearch,“Transitionfromtelecommtodatacommtocomputercomm,”OIDAPhotonicIntegrationForum, October6,2009,SantaClara,CA. 11 SWCNThaveadiameter on theorderof1to3nanometers(nm)  whilethediameterofaMWCNTcanaveragefrom8to10 nms.TheindividualwallthicknessofCNTsmeasuresanatomthickandthelengthofCNTscanreachseveralmillimeters(mm).  ... DRAFTWorkingPapersVersion040510 Appendix1‐A:AdvancedTechnologyManufacturingFrontiers1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44  IntegratedOptoelectronics Photonics,alsoknownasoptoelectronics(OE),isthattechnologyspacewhereinformationsignalscarriedby electronsareconvertedtophotonsandviceversa(O‐E‐O).Photonstransportinformationintheformof amplitude,wavelength,andphase—oranycombinationoftheabove.Photonicdevicesareeitheractiveor passive.Passivedevicesmerelytransporttheinformation‐carryingphotonsfromonelocationtoanother.Active componentsperformsomefunction—convertelectronsintolight(lasers,displays),convertphotonsintoelectrons (chargecoupleddevicesensors,avalanchephotodiodes),mergestreamsofdata‐carryingphotons(multiplexors), separateoutmergedstreamsofdata‐carryingphotons(demultiplexors)andimpartdata on astreamofphotons (modulators.) Theapplicationofphotonicscoverssuchdiverseareasasindustriallasers,consumerelectronics, telecommunications,datastorage,biotechnology,medicine,generalillumination,anddefense.Eachofthese applicationspaceshasasupplychainandinfrastructurethatstartswithbasicmaterialsandendsatacompleted product.Alongthischainaresubchainsthatprovidetheindividualcomponentsorsubsystemsthatmakeupthe finishedproduct. Akeydynamicinphotonicsistheevolutionfromdiscretephotonicdevicestointegratedsystems.Thisintegration isdrivenbytheneedforincreasedperformancewhilesimultaneouslyreducingcostandpowerconsumptionto meettheburgeoningdemandsfortelecommunicationsanddatacommunications—whichthemselvesare becomingincreasinglyintegrated. PhotonicIntegrationforTelecommandDatacomm TelecommunicationsnetworksanddatacentersthatsupportthecommunicationsinfrastructureandtheInternet willrequireintegratedphotonicstomeetdemandsthatwilloverwhelmthemassiveswitchingcentersthatroute themessagesanddataaroundthefiberopticnetwork.Thesecenterstypicallycontainthousandsofracksof electronicrouters,inbuildingsthatcoveracres,andconsumeabout30megawattsofelectricpower.Asnew mobiledevicesandinternetvideocontentincreasethebandwidthcapacitydemand on thenetwork,theservice providershavetoincreasethenumberofchannelscarriedbyasinglestrandofopticalfiber.Simplyincreasingthe electroniccontentofaracktoaccommodateincreasedbandwidthisnotpossiblebecauseoftheassociated increaseinpowerconsumptionandheatdissipation.Thesolutionliesinphotonicintegration. 9  Photonicintegratedcircuits(PICs)combinemultipleopticandelectro‐opticcomponentsontoachip.Today’sPIC technologyiscomparabletothatofmicroelectroniclarge‐scaleintegration(LSI)ICsofthe1960s—about200to 300elements on asinglechip.MostofthePICstodayarehybrid—theyconsistofasiliconsubstratewithanumber ofmonolithicallyintegratedcomponents,andanumberofcomponentsfabricatedfromothermaterials mechanically,optically,andelectronicallyconnectedtothesubstrate.PICsrequirecomponentsfabricatedfrom othermaterialsbecausesilicondoesnotsupportalaser.Technologiesandfabricationtoolsareneededthatwould supportmonolithicintegrationofsiliconwithothermaterialstoenablePICstomovetohigherlevelsofintegration andtakeadvantageoftheexistingsiliconCMOSinfrastructure. Thepriceofincreasedbandwidthisincreasedcomplexityandpowerconsumption.Thesystemrequiresmore componentstoextractandgroomtheelectricalsignalsfromtheseincreasinglycomplexopticalsignalsandconvert themintoaformthatelectronicprocessorscanmanipulate.EachO‐E‐Orequiresmanydiscrete,single‐function opticalcomponents,includinglasers,modulators,wavelengthlockers,detectors,attenuators,wavelengthdivision multiplexers(WDM)andde‐multiplexers.Inatypicalopticaltransportsystem,eachO‐E‐Oconversionmayrequire uptohalfadozenoptoelectronicoropticalcomponents,andafullydeployed40‐wavelengthWDMterminalnode mayuseupwardsof120ormorecomponentsinterconnectedby260ormorefibercouplings.Eachofthesefiber couplingsrepresentscost,signallosses,andapotentialfailurepoint.  9 BikashKoley,“NetworkArchitectatGoogle,”presentationattheOIDAPhotonicIntegrationForum,October6,2009,Santa Clara,CA.  ... DRAFTWorkingPapersVersion040510 Appendix1‐A:AdvancedTechnologyManufacturingFrontiers1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44  IntegratedOptoelectronics Photonics,alsoknownasoptoelectronics(OE),isthattechnologyspacewhereinformationsignalscarriedby electronsareconvertedtophotonsandviceversa(O‐E‐O).Photonstransportinformationintheformof amplitude,wavelength,andphase—oranycombinationoftheabove.Photonicdevicesareeitheractiveor passive.Passivedevicesmerelytransporttheinformation‐carryingphotonsfromonelocationtoanother.Active componentsperformsomefunction—convertelectronsintolight(lasers,displays),convertphotonsintoelectrons (chargecoupleddevicesensors,avalanchephotodiodes),mergestreamsofdata‐carryingphotons(multiplexors), separateoutmergedstreamsofdata‐carryingphotons(demultiplexors)andimpartdata on astreamofphotons (modulators.) Theapplicationofphotonicscoverssuchdiverseareasasindustriallasers,consumerelectronics, telecommunications,datastorage,biotechnology,medicine,generalillumination,anddefense.Eachofthese applicationspaceshasasupplychainandinfrastructurethatstartswithbasicmaterialsandendsatacompleted product.Alongthischainaresubchainsthatprovidetheindividualcomponentsorsubsystemsthatmakeupthe finishedproduct. Akeydynamicinphotonicsistheevolutionfromdiscretephotonicdevicestointegratedsystems.Thisintegration isdrivenbytheneedforincreasedperformancewhilesimultaneouslyreducingcostandpowerconsumptionto meettheburgeoningdemandsfortelecommunicationsanddatacommunications—whichthemselvesare becomingincreasinglyintegrated. PhotonicIntegrationforTelecommandDatacomm TelecommunicationsnetworksanddatacentersthatsupportthecommunicationsinfrastructureandtheInternet willrequireintegratedphotonicstomeetdemandsthatwilloverwhelmthemassiveswitchingcentersthatroute themessagesanddataaroundthefiberopticnetwork.Thesecenterstypicallycontainthousandsofracksof electronicrouters,inbuildingsthatcoveracres,andconsumeabout30megawattsofelectricpower.Asnew mobiledevicesandinternetvideocontentincreasethebandwidthcapacitydemand on thenetwork,theservice providershavetoincreasethenumberofchannelscarriedbyasinglestrandofopticalfiber.Simplyincreasingthe electroniccontentofaracktoaccommodateincreasedbandwidthisnotpossiblebecauseoftheassociated increaseinpowerconsumptionandheatdissipation.Thesolutionliesinphotonicintegration. 9  Photonicintegratedcircuits(PICs)combinemultipleopticandelectro‐opticcomponentsontoachip.Today’sPIC technologyiscomparabletothatofmicroelectroniclarge‐scaleintegration(LSI)ICsofthe1960s—about200to 300elements on asinglechip.MostofthePICstodayarehybrid—theyconsistofasiliconsubstratewithanumber ofmonolithicallyintegratedcomponents,andanumberofcomponentsfabricatedfromothermaterials mechanically,optically,andelectronicallyconnectedtothesubstrate.PICsrequirecomponentsfabricatedfrom othermaterialsbecausesilicondoesnotsupportalaser.Technologiesandfabricationtoolsareneededthatwould supportmonolithicintegrationofsiliconwithothermaterialstoenablePICstomovetohigherlevelsofintegration andtakeadvantageoftheexistingsiliconCMOSinfrastructure. Thepriceofincreasedbandwidthisincreasedcomplexityandpowerconsumption.Thesystemrequiresmore componentstoextractandgroomtheelectricalsignalsfromtheseincreasinglycomplexopticalsignalsandconvert themintoaformthatelectronicprocessorscanmanipulate.EachO‐E‐Orequiresmanydiscrete,single‐function opticalcomponents,includinglasers,modulators,wavelengthlockers,detectors,attenuators,wavelengthdivision multiplexers(WDM)andde‐multiplexers.Inatypicalopticaltransportsystem,eachO‐E‐Oconversionmayrequire uptohalfadozenoptoelectronicoropticalcomponents,andafullydeployed40‐wavelengthWDMterminalnode mayuseupwardsof120ormorecomponentsinterconnectedby260ormorefibercouplings.Eachofthesefiber couplingsrepresentscost,signallosses,andapotentialfailurepoint.  9 BikashKoley,“NetworkArchitectatGoogle,”presentationattheOIDAPhotonicIntegrationForum,October6,2009,Santa Clara,CA. ...