... learner’s performance in the language The development and the use of language tests involve an understandingof the nature of communicative language use and language ability, on the one hand, and of ... August 2005 3.6.3.2 .The range The RANGE is the difference between the highest and the lowest scores, i.e it is the highest value minus the lowest The formula forthe range of the reading test results ... From the above analysis we have the mean ≈ 5.5 and the median = 5.As a result there’s M= x = a quite fairly correspondence between the mean and the median When comparing to the results the students...
... presentation? How can they know 41 what is coming next? They know because you tell them, because you put up signposts for them, at the beginning and all along the route Therefore, signpost language is ... different objects in the room for about three seconds at a time For example, you can look at the door, then a picture on the wall, then the light, a chair, a plant etc Try and spend about seconds ... that is important in your message You might, for example, lean forward a bit, raise your arm to waist level with the elbow bent and hand close to the body, and then move your raised hand out slowly...
... demand points and allocates the demand points to the facilities The objective is to minimize the total demand-weighted distance between the demand points and the facilities The following formulation ... improve the performance on some problems by slowing down convergence We made no effort to customize the algorithm to the problems on hand, and used the same formulas forthe population size and the ... responsible forthe performance of the heuristic Given any two parents, it generates one of the best possible offspring from the genes at hand (In the context of genetics, we can think of the genes...
... well they pronounce words, we get them speak The tasks, and the texts which are used, should be as authentic as possible The fact that the tasks cannot be really authentic Nevertheless, the effort ... knowledge of the language but also to use the language fluently for communication If given the chances, they would pair work and group work excitedly They always welcome the chances to discuss and solving ... including the subjects, the syllabus and the sample test and the analysis and interpretation of the test scores and test items of the suggested test As a result, major findings were drawn Firstly, the...
... account than the former; it aims to get away from the surface performance data and look at the competence that underlies the performance However, despite its concern forthe learner, the skills ... states: • They reflect a more comprehensive view of language than grammar syllabuses and focus on the use of the language rather than linguistic form • They can readily be linked to other types ... English can be observed and the language needs of those tasks cleared up The information gathered can then serve as a basis for planning a training program 2.3.4 Procedures for conducting needs analysis...
... and existing in the eyes of the beholder (Spiegler, 2003) Knowledge is information synthesized and contextualized to provide further value for human activities (Pearlson and Saunders, 2004) The ... view of the concept of whole, a knowledge management system promotes the effective use of knowledge assets of an enterprise as a whole over time, and is an impetus to the performance of the enterprise ... a system can be an economic entity, an inventory system, or a business organization Knowledge management is an element of the organizational management system (Warfield, 1989) From the point of...
... fulfill the purposes of an ESP syllabus forthe students at the Faculty of Urban Planning The current textbook used forthe ESP course, “English for Architecture, Civil Engineering, Urban Planning and ... This can be explained by the fact that the students are fully aware of the importance of English to their study and future work, therefore, they find all the topics attractive and want them to ... students at the Urban Planning Faculty The setting forthe needs analysis including the teaching and learning situation, the details of the subjects (the target students, the ESP teachers, the subject...
... my mother Angele said to her husband, `Why, there's Casimir!' A young man, slender and rather elegant, with a gay expression and a military look, came and shook hands, and answered all the questions ... dust They called on Heaven to be a witness of their constancy, but the skies in the Heaven above them were never the same foran instant Everything was changing, both within them and around them, ... Victor Hugo and Dumas They claimed this freedom for Rene, for Hermann and for Antony, who were men An example had been given, and women meant to take advantage of it Women now began their revolution...
... island covering them both, the smaller island was broken up and the words from it added onto the end of the larger This obviously wastes all the effort expanded in building the smaller island ... thank Bran Boguraev for his guidance during the writing of the interpreter, and for supplying the ATN grammars I have used Thanks also to Karen Sparck Jones and John Tait for their comments on ... four dealing with the exceptional scoping required by LIFTR and SENDR actions, and the fifth with the rest of the actions and tests in the network Comments on the algorithm follow the necessarily...
... responsibility forthe users Their levels of intervention are diagnostic and therapeutic, and the platform is designed to facilitate and optimize their work In this platform, the professionals can access the ... jointly by the therapist and the user and is active in the professional platform when the diagnostic application detects significant levels of discomfort in the user The TBL comprises questions and images ... addition, they can decide which pages of the book can be read by other people and which are private (only their author can access them) The tool is designed to improve communication and increase the...
... linear Gaussian, and therefore with an analytical expression known as the Kalman filter This assumption arises from the fact that the object dynamics can be acceptably simulated by a constant velocity ... }, rz and rx are the positional information of the t,i t,j detection and the object, respectively, dclu is the clutter probability density, and Σlh is the covariance matrix of the Gaussian function ... hypotheses forthe object dynamics and forthe data association The presented tracking model achieves to successfully track the objects because it is able to compute and manage several hypotheses...
... linear Gaussian, and therefore with an analytical expression known as the Kalman filter This assumption arises from the fact that the object dynamics can be acceptably simulated by a constant velocity ... }, rz and rx are the positional information of the t,i t,j detection and the object, respectively, dclu is the clutter probability density, and Σlh is the covariance matrix of the Gaussian function ... hypotheses forthe object dynamics and forthe data association The presented tracking model achieves to successfully track the objects because it is able to compute and manage several hypotheses...
... shows the Ethernet/Wifi transition (SN between 120 and 220), the WiFi/UMTS transition (SN between 270 and 305), the UMTS/WiFi transition (SN between 570 and 620), and the WiFi/Ethernet transition ... gateway forthe mesh network The latter action disables the current backhaul link and use the multihop wireless backhaul as default route to the Internet The performances of the self-configuring and ... intersections contains the next state if anevent happens and the actions to be performed when the state transition occurs Please note that PlugNode is anevent that comes from the external world...
... interference from other users Regarding the transmitted symbols, it is assumed that all the users have the same transmitted power, and we therefore normalize the symbol variance to σu = for all users ... Consequently, the behavior and performance of this algorithm can be expected to be very different Finally, the ultimate goal is to adapt the precoder to the changes in the channel To achieve this, the diagonal ... EVALUATION OF PERFORMANCE Relation between estimation variance and transmission performance One drawback of the Cramer-Rao bound is that it provides a performance evaluation of the channel estimation...
... to leave the test room but were asked to sit quietly in the room till the end of the test performance All the necessary information forthe test performance was included in the test, so there was ... of the others - Choose the word whose stress pattern is different - Choose the best option to fill the blank - Read the passage and choose the best option to fill the blank - Read the passage and ... Acceptable standards of candidates‟ performance can only be determined after the test has been conducted These standards are considered the mean or average score of other candidates from the same...
... the topics 2, and ranked the first Coming next is the topic with the high percentage of 75% Ranking at the third priority, the topic and are achieved 75% of the teachers‟ supports Together, the ... learners know and what they can do‟ There are many ways of measuring the students‟ progress Teachers can assess the students‟ learning in the class through their behaviour, their performance in pairwork, ... Since language learning is considered subordinate to task performance, therefore, language teaching also occurs as the need arises during the performance of the particular task Although the development...
... the systematic gathering of specific information about the languages needs of learners and the analysis of this information for purposes of language syllabus design” The rationale for needs analysis ... is the case forthe first ESP course Worse still is the case forthe second and the third one when the teachers cannot find the materials suitable or adaptable to the needs of their students and ... articles and other sources available The teachers can modify the text if necessary In the middle of the course, there is one period forthe mid-term test (45 minutes) and to the end of the course the...
... the systematic gathering of specific information about the languages needs of learners and the analysis of this information for purposes of language syllabus design” The rationale for needs analysis ... of learning a language since it provides a purpose forthe use and learning of language other than simply learning language items for their own sake” (p.18) The syllabus, therefore, consists ... Strategies”, the participants‟ answers for this question are: reading in GE is for pleasure and in ESP for information John and Davies (1983) also emphasized the importance of information for reading...