fundamental of data structure book
Foundamentals of data structure docx
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... repeat-until,
repeat
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Fundamentals: CHAPTER 2: ARRAYS
array, we are forced to move data around ... produced;
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Fundamentals: CHAPTER 3: STACKS AND QUEUES
CHAPTER 3: STACKS AND QUEUES
3.1 FUNDAMENTALS
Two ... relation
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Fundamentals: CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
of length n. Copy STRING...
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Tài liệu Fundamental review of the trading book pdf
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... Bank of New York
Mr Karl Reitz Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation,
Washington, DC
Mr Roger Tufts Office of the Comptroller of the Currency,
Washington, DC
24
Fundamental review of ... (www.bis.org/publ/bcbs189.pdf).
14
Fundamental review of the trading book
instruments that form part of a revised trading book. The Committee intends to consider the
timing and scope of further work on ... scope of market risk capital requirements regardless of whether they are
in the regulatory trading or banking book (with the exception of structural FX positions).
36
Fundamental review of...
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THE FRACTAL STRUCTURE OF DATA REFERENCE- P1 ppsx
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... LOGIC IN DATA MODELING, Guoqing Chen ISBN: 0
-
7923
-
8253
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6
INTERCONNECTING HETEROGENEOUS INFORMATION SYSTEMS, Athman
FOUNDATIONS OF KNOWLEDGE SYSTEMS: With Applications to Databases
DATABASE ... dam, Aryya Gangopadhyay ISBN : 0
-
7923
-
9924
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2
THE FRACTAL STRUCTURE
OF DATA REFERENCE
Applications to the Memory Hierarchy
eBook ISBN: 0-306-47034-9
Print ISBN: 0-792-37945-4
©2002 Kluwer ... 0
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7923
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INFORMATION BROKERING ACROSS HETEROGENEOUS DIGITAL DATA:
A Metadata
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based Approach, Vipul Kashyap, Amit Sheth; ISBN: 0
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DATA DISSEMINATION IN WIRELESS COMPUTING ENVIRONMENTS,...
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THE FRACTAL STRUCTURE OF DATA REFERENCE- P2 pdf
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...
function of average cache residency time.
x THE FRACTAL STRUCTURE OF DATA REFERENCE
1.16 IMS storage pools: distribution of record interarrival times. 30
1.17 TSO storage pools: distribution of ... function of
1.7 CICS storage pools: cache performance as a function of
1.8
IM
S
storage pools: cache performance as a function of
1.9 TSO storage pools: cache performance as a function of
1.10 ...
40
2.2
41
2.3
41
57
4.1
6.2
7.1
7.2
7.3
7.4
7.5
7.6
7.7
7.8
7.9
7.10
7.1 1
7.12
7.13
7.14
7.15
Tradeoff of memory above and below the I/O interface.
6.1 Overview of free space collection results. 73
Distribution of time between track updates, for the...
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THE FRACTAL STRUCTURE OF DATA REFERENCE- P3 pptx
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... power of a
memory hierarchy comes from its ability to take advantage of patterns of data
use that are transient. Repeated requests tend to be made to a given data item
over a short period of ... practical
applications of such results.
The focus of the applications examined in this book is on the portion of a
computer system’s memory hierarchy that lies below the level of the “get” and
“put” ... for dynamic migration and
recall.
THE FRACTAL STRUCTURE OF DATA REFERENCE
Preface xvii
The primary audience intended for the book is the large body of workers
who endeavor to ensure that computer...
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THE FRACTAL STRUCTURE OF DATA REFERENCE- P4 pot
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... definition of Ω(l) to obtain the following
upper bound on the hit ratio h:
THE FRACTAL STRUCTURE OF DATA REFERENCE
(1.1)
where l
c
≈ .0008 is the fraction of disk tracks capable of being stored ... a given data
item is not fixed with time. Instead, it depends strongly upon the amount of
time that has passed since the previous reference.
In a study of any large collection of data items ... statement Ω(.1) = .5 wouldmean that fifty
percent of the total requests are to data contained in the busiest ten percent of
the tracks. Since the beginning of the sorted list represents the best possible...
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THE FRACTAL STRUCTURE OF DATA REFERENCE- P5 pps
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... to the data.
If we now examine the structure of database software, in an effort to account
for data reuse at a variety of time scales, we find that we need not look far. For
example, data reuse ... application data,
but also a few of the curves for system data.
THE FRACTAL STRUCTURE OF DATA REFERENCE
2. Slopes between 0.3 and 0.4. This group consists almost entirely of system
data
Suppose, ... 6
THE FRACTAL STRUCTURE OF DATA REFERENCE
3. MODEL DEFINITION
Eventually, this book will present abundant statistical summaries of data
reference patterns. As a starting...
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THE FRACTAL STRUCTURE OF DATA REFERENCE- P6 ppsx
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... FRACTAL STRUCTURE OF DATA REFERENCE
Therefore,
By contrast, measurements of the single
-
reference residency time τ require
specific instrumentation that is not available as a part of standard ... examine closely the structure of such visits, which the hierarchical
reuse model predicts to be predominately transient. Based upon our analysis of
14
for the averages of these three quantities. ... example, the minidisk
cache facility mentioned earlier manages data in units of one page frame (one
block of 4096 bytes).
The unit ofgranularity used in managing the cache has an important effect
upon...
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THE FRACTAL STRUCTURE OF DATA REFERENCE- P7 ppt
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... 20 THE FRACTAL STRUCTURE OF DATA REFERENCE
Figure 1.7.
time.
CICS storage pools: cache performance as a function of average cache residency
Figure 1.8.
time.
IMS ... function of cache size. Just as the miss ratio, as a function of the
single
-
reference residency time, takes the form of a simple power law, so does
the miss ratio, as a function of cache ...
(1.23)
The existence of a power law relationship between these quantities was first
noted by Chow [ 15], and demonstrated convincingly by Smith [ 16].
16 THE FRACTAL STRUCTURE OF DATA REFERENCE
But...
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THE FRACTAL STRUCTURE OF DATA REFERENCE- P8 pps
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... At this time, the use of explicit controls to restrict the use
of cache memory remained common.
Today, storage controls offer far larger amounts of memory. Most models
of storage control, for ... such data is typically freed long before the data would have
progressed from the top to the bottom of the LRU list. Storage controls also
typically use sequential prestage operations to bring data ... given item of sequential data tends to be either
immediate, or a relatively long time in the future. As a result, most cached
storage controls perform early demotion of sequential data residing...
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THE FRACTAL STRUCTURE OF DATA REFERENCE- P9 ppt
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... CICS storage pools: distribution oftrack interarrival times.
Figure 1.14. CICS storage pools: distribution ofrecord interarrival times.
30 THE FRACTAL STRUCTURE OF DATA REFERENCE
Figure 1.15. IMS ... storage pools: distribution of track interarrival times.
Figure 1. 16.
IMS storage pools: distribution of record interarrival times.
28 THE FRACTAL STRUCTURE OF DATA REFERENCE
Figure 1.11.
DB2 ... pools: distribution oftrack interarrival times.
Figure 1.12. DB2 storage pools: distribution ofrecord interarrival times.
26
operating separately [ 18]:
THE FRACTAL STRUCTURE OF DATA REFERENCE
(1.26)
(Note,...
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THE FRACTAL STRUCTURE OF DATA REFERENCE- P10 potx
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... amount of
time t has passed since some given
I/O request. The behavior of λ(t) provides
an alternative method of characterizing the hierarchical reuse model, which
34
THE FRACTAL STRUCTURE OF DATA ... the 3380 family of storage devices.
2 Assumes a track belonging to the 3390 family of storage devices.
Hierarchical Reuse Model 3 1
Figure 1.17. TSO storage pools: distribution of track interarrival ... reuse model. This results
in a series of equations of the form (1.5), one for each workload. In graphical
terms, it corresponds to fitting each workload’s plot of interarrival statistics
with a...
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THE FRACTAL STRUCTURE OF DATA REFERENCE- P11 pot
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...
thinking of the available tracks as being the leaves of a binary tree, of height
H
max
. The ancestors of any given track number l are identified implicitly by the
binary representation of the ... values of the interarrival time, or it may reflect a
second
-
order effect not captured by the approximate method of analysis adopted
in the previous section.
THE FRACTAL STRUCTURE OF DATA REFERENCE ...
THE FRACTAL STRUCTURE OF DATA REFERENCE
(2
-
3)
Given this description of F(
.
), we may apply the David
-
Johnson extreme
value approximation [20] to estimate the smallest value γ
hi
of the random...
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THE FRACTAL STRUCTURE OF DATA REFERENCE- P12 ppt
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...
variety of individual “daemons”, large numbers of which can run concurrently
and independently. This type of benchmark structure is attractive, in that
it mirrors, at a high level, the behavior of ... concept of stack
distance, or the depth at which previously referenced data items appear in the
LRU list [8, 21]. The idea is to build a history of previous references (organized
in the form of ...
well.
42 THE FRACTAL STRUCTURE OF DATA REFERENCE
A general
-
purpose technique exists for generating synthetic patterns of ref
-
erence, which is also capable of producing references that conform...
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THE FRACTAL STRUCTURE OF DATA REFERENCE- P13 pps
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... applications, of 72 percent.
THE FRACTAL STRUCTURE OF DATA REFERENCE
As a final step, we must also consider how to round off the computed
cache memory requirement of 2256 megabytes. Since this requirement ... control of this type, virtually all write requests will typically be
reported as “hits,” even though some of them may require allocation of memory.
For database
I/O, this potential source of error ... .2. Then the absolute value of ζ
i
is no greater
than .1/.7 = .14 for either workload. As a result, the absolute value of either of
the second order summation terms of (3.11), calculated without...
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