... compensated for these injections and other procedures and likely under-reported them For this reason, our effectiveness algorithm may perform better when there is a financial incentive to code these ... used only to capture the DAS28, the CDAI and other clinical characteristics measured at the baseline and outcome VARA visits; all other data used forthe analysis were from the administrative claims ... 1.2 unit improvement in their DAS28 The PPV of the administrative data-based effectiveness algorithm was 75%, and the NPV was 90% The sensitivity of the effectiveness algorithm was 75%, and its...
... improve the performance on some problems by slowing down convergence We made no effort to customize thealgorithm to the problems on hand, and used the same formulas forthe population size and the ... in the formulation are always satisfied Hence, the selections of the fitness function and the encoding satisfy all constraints and no additional effort is needed in the implementation of thealgorithm ... the average of the best solution values and the optimal values in 10 replications: 0.11% In other words, the average of the best solutions over the 10 replications is 100.11% of the optimal These...
... where the Ar are elementary transformations having the Wij as their arguments; they are called basic algorithms A THE LOGICAL STRUCTURE OF BASIC ALGORITHMS The basic algorithms to be derived by the ... in the canonical form of a working formula only vacuously; they can be readily eliminated in the course of reducing the formula to a more minimal normal form.17,18,19,20 For example, the formula ... algorithm- synthesizing run, a linguist must furnish the computer the following clues concerning the desired algorithm: (1) A definition of Br, the action portion of the desired algorithm In the...
... how the attack can be used to form a forgery attack either The attacks on HMAC-MD5 not seem to indicate a practical vulnerability when used as a message authentication code Considering that the ... pair forthe MD5 compression function with a chosen initial value The first paper that demonstrated two collision pairs for MD5 was published in 2004 [WFLY2004] The detailed attack techniques for ... replaces the security considerations in RFC 1321 [MD5] [HMAC] defined a mechanism for message authentication using cryptographic hash functions Any message digest algorithm can be used, but the cryptographic...
... optical power, the more photoelectrons per pixel will be generated, and hence the higher the signal-to-noise ratio and therefore the accuracy of the range measurements On the other hand, the power ... p=1 (13) Therefore, each of the motion hypotheses forthe block in the central frame is assigned a reliability measure, which depends on the compensation error and the similarity of the current ... yield the N lowest values of the cost function Then, we continue with the motion estimation for each of the N best candidates found in the frame F (t − 1) by finding their N best matches in the...
... if for e each x ∈ S E , the limit 2.2 is attained uniformly for y ∈ S E ; iv a uniformly Fr´ chet e differentiable norm we also say that E is uniformly smooth , if the limit 2.2 is attained uniformly ... 2.2 Fixed Point Theory and Applications exists for each x, y ∈ S E ; ii a uniformly Gˆ teaux differentiable norm, if for each y in S E , a the limit 2.2 is uniformly attained for x ∈ S E ; iii ... contraction on K, then by Theorem 1.2, there exists the unique element z ∈ K such that P Az z Define a sequence {yn } in K by yn αn Az − αn Tn yn , for any n ∈ N 3.2 Then by the assumption, {yn...
... the number of frames in the GOF to be processed N × N gives the size of the frames in pixels while the third parameter indicates the step number forthe different levels of decomposition forthe ... for computing the 2D wavelet transform [13] The authors conduct a set of experimental trails over an emulated multithreaded platform and came to the conclusion that their system outperforms the ... the 3D wavelet transform, Kutil and Uhl have conducted a study of the software and hardware needs of the 3D wavelet transform [14] They have centered their study on the classic wavelet transform...
... can also make thealgorithm more computationally efficient When τ = or τ > the convergence of the curve to object boundary will become too slow, although thealgorithm still stops at the correct ... image where the classical algorithm fails to stop at the correct boundaries, thus, our algorithm can better on this kind of image Figure demonstrates another advantage of the improved algorithm ... efficient and reliable improved algorithmforthe piecewise-smooth Mumford-Shah segmentation problem with edge preserving Unlike the classic algorithms [6, 10], computing the extensions of functions...
... wtH wt (47) Remark The above algorithm is similar in form to the FastICA algorithmfor circular complex-valued sources in [15] forthe choice G(y) = (1/2)y The last term on the right-hand side ... entry is cit While the derivation of the FastICA algorithm in the real-valued case is theoretically appealing, the real utility of the FastICA procedure can be inferred from the form of (26)-(27), ... reminiscent of thealgorithm in the real-valued case Do the single-unit approaches in (46)-(47) and (51)(52) achieve this end? The following theorem indicates that the answer is in the affirmative, the proof...
... In addition, thealgorithm should work well, regardless of the positive definiteness of the covariance matrices Furthermore, thealgorithm should provide a straightforward method forthe generation ... one another Therefore, the scenario where the variances of the Rayleigh envelopes are equal to one another and the powers of real parts are equal to those of imaginary parts, such as the scenario ... combining their proposed method with the method proposed in [10] Specifically, the authors took the outputs of the method in [10] and simply input them into step in their method However, the step in the...
... algorithm creates the edges of the tree in the same order as the encoding algorithm deletes these edges A superior decoding algorithmforthe Pr¨ fer Code u Na¨ implementations of the Pr¨ fer Code’s ... (14, 15) These are precisely the edges of the tree shown in Figure 1, and so the decoding algorithm has indeed reversed the encoding algorithm As noted earlier, the traditional decoding algorithm ... rather complicated, because they require one to preprocess the Pr¨ fer string (in the case of decoding) or the tree (in u the case of encoding) Furthermore, some of the approaches require the...
... Suppose the inward edge comes from a fork Since the degree of o is four, o must be the white node in the fork Hence one of the remaining edges is contained in the same fork However, their directions ... In some of the cases in Figure 74, the neighborhood of the target node o contains some other nodes of degree Thealgorithm covers the analysis of the neighborhood of these nodes in the following ... 42 Proof We have the following cases: Suppose that a comes from a fork Since the degree of o is 4, o must be the white node in the fork Thus, f is contained in the same fork Then node must have...
... Speakers at the Conference were encouraged to submit their views for publication and these manuscripts are published together as a thematic publication grouping on HAE in the official journal of the ... manuscript is the 2010 International Consensus Algorithmforthe Diagnosis, Therapy and Management of Hereditary Angioedema that was agreed to at that conference and this was further circulated for review ... by USA FDA October th, 2009 for therapy of HAE events and licensed in many other countries for many years Cetor® from Sanquin has been available in The Netherlands for some time [35,53] Berinert®,...
... reported In the present paper the comparison between the two algorithms would evidentiate both the differences arising by thealgorithm per se, and the usage in clinical cases of the dose to ... having the possibility to register with a deformable algorithm structures and doses Figure reports the histograms averaged over all the patients, forthe two lung portions as well as forthe entire ... and, forthe subject of the study, the main point is focussed to the capability, for Acuros XB, to manage elemental compositions of some predefined human tissues, and therefore to calculate the...
... equations, the elements of which are natural components of the E-step of the EM algorithmfor REML estimation which explains the popularity of the triple of BLUP-EM-REML Unfortunately, the EM algorithm ... α in the iteration can improve the computational performance of thealgorithm Computationally, the PX-EM algorithm replaces the integrand of (24a) with [t] that of (24b) In particular, in the ... parameter) For each of the three EM-type algorithms, the standard procedure described in this paper was applied as well as those based on Henderson’s formula forthe residual variance The iteration...
... through k Calculation of the partition functions forthe children of k is therefore not needed to compute Zk Thus, (16) and compute the ratio Pxy = Z(πxy)/Z The recursions forthe restricted partition ... implemented the polynomial algorithms forthe MPP in the program TARGETING The TARGETING program is written in C and uses Ed Rothberg’s implementation [17] of the Gabow algorithm [10] to solve the Maximum ... sufficient to store the arrays R and S Furthermore, (n ) space is needed to save the array Q and the endpoints (x, y) of the path π xy that maximized each Q entry The latter is needed forthe backtracing...
... general form forthe function Z (described Various functional forms can be adopted forthe function g, called the 'nonlinearity' or 'activation' function for artificial neural networks, and the 'link' ... solution]) The error bars denote the standard error of ErrCV (the standard deviation of the 10 leave-out samples' error estimates) The red line shows the value of t selected for our final model for ... from to The limit t = amounts to selection of the null model (y = |y|) In the limit t = we have the ordinary least squares estimate for β, (β = β ols) We determine the optimal value forthe shrinkage...
... the elements stably, the whole algorithm is stable The hashing scheme of Bast and Hagerup is conservative The justification that the other parts of thealgorithm are conservative is straightforward ... reliability, Theorem 2.11 is theoretically stronger than Theorem 2.7, but the program based on the former will be much more complicated Moreover, n must be very large before thealgorithm of Theorem ... bound on the L2 distance of a closest pair, thealgorithm will still be correct On the other hand, the running-time estimate for step 3, as given in the next section, does not change ŽSee the analysis...
... in I(g)| Di Therefore, if there is no gene loss events in the subtrees I(g)| Di , for i = 1, , k, then D has the minimum gene loss cost We establish the other direction of the theorem by contradiction ... on the structure of the child-image subtree S|λ(Ch(g)) For example, forthe 25 gene duplication cost, we need to minimize k, the number of components of the decomposition in Eqn (3.1); forthe ... reconciliation cost when reconciling with the input gene trees 1.1 The Contribution of The Thesis One key result of this thesis is the linear-time algorithms forthe gene tree refinement problem in different...
... being the relative permittivity of the substrate k ρρ is the + εr surface wave pole located on the real axis of the complex k ρ plane, and the symbol Res denotes the residues of the integrand at the ... problems The MoM analysis can be carried out either in the spectral domain [35]-[36] or the spatial domain [37]-[38] To generate the impedance matrix in the spectral domain formulation, the time-consuming ... However, the triangular discretization does not allow the application of the fast Fourier transform to speed up the matrix-vector multiplication The method to alleviate the problem is to use the fast...