fields for validation 565
A methodology for validation of integrated systems models with an application to coastal-zone management in south-west sulawesi
... are related to the validity and validation of ISMs, form the central motivation for our research, which aims at establishing an appropriate validation methodology for ISMs To achieve this objective, ... data for validation are only available to a limited extent? The answers to the research questions mentioned above will lead us to a methodology for the validation of Integrated Systems Models for ... et al., 1996) and even to be inappropriate for the validation of system dynamics models (Forrester and Senge, 1980) A review of methodologies for the validation of process models and decision...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "Conditional Random Fields for Word Hyphenation" docx
... each word For Dataset creation We start with the lexicon for English published by the Dutch Centre for Lexical Information at http://www.mpi.nl/world/celex We download all English word forms with ... available for choosing values for these parameters For English we use the parameters reported in (Liang, 1983) For Dutch we use the parameters reported in (Tutelaers, 1999) Preliminary informal ... of every word, and the last three letters for English, or last two for Dutch P r[−z ≤ f −p ≤ z] = c p(1 − p)/N where for a 95% confidence interval, i.e for c = 0.95, we set z = 1.96 All differences...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "Improving the Scalability of Semi-Markov Conditional Random Fields for Named Entity Recognition" pdf
... abstracts, and the former was used as the training data and the latter as the development data For semi-CRFs, we used amis3 for training the semiCRF with feature-forest We used GENIA taggar4 for POS-tagging ... Entity /and Prev Word P revState, P revState + ws−1 information and non-local information on final performance Table shows the performance result for the recognition task L means the upper bound of ... the information of the previous “and” node for designing the feature functions through the previous “or” node Each sequence in a feature forest is obtained by choosing a conjunctive node for each...
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Báo cáo khoa học: "Semi-Supervised Conditional Random Fields for Improved Sequence Segmentation and Labeling" pdf
... occurs first ( occuring before ) , for , can be recursively calculated First define the summary matrix f ¨ ¡W ¨ @ V%9 £ & ( $" v U h ¨ fW and d where as before For the off diagonal terms, ... there are exponentially many values for Techniques for computing the linear feature expectations in (3) are already well known if is sufficiently structured (e.g forms a Markov chain) (Lafferty et ... develop efficient techniques for computing the quadratic feature expectations in (4) For the quadratic feature expectations, first note that the diagonal terms, , are straightforward, since each feature...
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Báo cáo khoa học: "Using Conditional Random Fields For Sentence Boundary Detection In Speech" potx
... annotated according to the guideline used for the training and test data (Strassel, 2003) For BN, we use the training corpus for the LM for speech recognition For CTS, we use the Penn Treebank Switchboard ... than for BN, giving a large denominator and a relatively lower error rate for the same number of boundary detection errors Another reason is that the training set is smaller for BN than for CTS ... sources in an attempt to achieve good performance for sentence boundary detection Note that we have not fully optimized each modeling approach For example, for the HMM, using discriminative training...
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an introduction to conditional random fields for relational learning
... we have described the forward-backward and Viterbi algorithms for HMMs, the generalization to linear-chain CRFs is fairly straightforward The forward-backward algorithm for linear-chain CRFs ... is problematic because it can hurt performance For example, although the naive Bayes classifier performs surprisingly well in document classification, it performs worse on average across a range ... function has the form ΨA (xA , yA ) = exp θAk fAk (xA , yA ) , (1.3) k for some real-valued parameter vector θA , and for some set of feature functions or sufficient statistics {fAk } This form ensures...
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hidden conditional random fields for gesture recognition
... [9] used a CRF model for the task of image region labeling Torralba et al [24] introduced Boosted Random Fields, a model that combines local and global image information for contextual object ... Comparisons of recognition performance (percentage accuracy) for head gestures set in a similar fashion Results and Discussion For the training process, the CRF models for the arm and head gesture ... models for the arm and head gesture dataset required 300 and 400 iterations for training respectively Table summarizes the results for the head gesture experiments The multi-class HCRF model performs...
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conditional random fields for object recognition
... results for the multi-class experiments Notice that random performance for the animal data set would be 25 % across the diagonal The model exhibits best performance for the Leopard data set, for ... Specific Form of our Model We now turn to the specific form for the model in this paper We define Ψ(y, h, x; θ) = φ(xj ) · θ(hj ) + j θ(y, hj ) + j θ(y, hj , hk ) (6) (j,k)∈E Here θ(k) ∈ Rd for k ... random fields (CRFs) for vision [2] In sequence-labeling problems for NLP each observation xi,j is typically the j’th word for some input sentence, and hi,j is a hidden state, for example representing...
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training conditional random fields for maximum labelwise accuracy
... algorithm designed to optimize F-measure performance of a logistic regression model for information extraction outperforms maximum likelihood training [13] For parsing tasks, Och demonstrated that ... (13), whose complete form we omit for lack of space Most of the terms involved in the gradient are easy to compute using the standard forward and backward matrices used for regular CRF inference, ... pointwise logloss formulation of Kakade et al (see section 3.1.2) Computing the gradient for this objective may be accomplished by a straightforward modification of the recurrences for approximate...
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A METHODOLOGY FOR VALIDATION OF INTEGRATED SYSTEMS MODELS WITH AN APPLICATION TO COASTAL-ZONE MANAGEMENT IN SOUTH-WEST SULAWESI " docx
... are related to the validity and validation of ISMs, form the central motivation for our research, which aims at establishing an appropriate validation methodology for ISMs To achieve this objective, ... data for validation are only available to a limited extent? The answers to the research questions mentioned above will lead us to a methodology for the validation of Integrated Systems Models for ... et al., 1996) and even to be inappropriate for the validation of system dynamics models (Forrester and Senge, 1980) A review of methodologies for the validation of process models and decision...
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Báo cáo sinh học: "Grammatical-Restrained Hidden Conditional Random Fields for Bioinformatics applications" ppt
... conditional random fields Bioinformatics 2008, 24(11):1401-1402 Li CT, Yuan Y, Wilson R: An unsupervised conditional random fields approach for clustering gene expression time series Bioinformatics 2008, ... multiple sources of information in conditional random fields Bioinformatics 2009, 25(11):1433-1434 Wang S, Quattoni A, Morency L, Demirdjian D: Hidden Conditional Random Fields for Gesture Recognition ... random fields Bioinformatics 2007, 23(5):597-604 Dang TH, Van Leemput K, Verschoren A, Laukens K: Prediction of kinase-specific phosphorylation sites using conditional random fields Bioinformatics...
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Báo cáo y học: " Derivation and preliminary validation of an administrative claims-based algorithm for the effectiveness of medications for rheumatoid arthritis"
... gold-standard for clinical effectiveness, we abstracted additional data from the medical records using a structured case report form developed to descriptively inform the reason for discordance ... effectiveness of medications for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) due to the lack of a validated algorithm for this outcome We created and tested a claims-based algorithm to serve as a proxy for the clinical effectiveness ... detecting the effectiveness of medications for RA Further validation of this effectiveness algorithm will be useful to assess its generalizability and performance in other populations Introduction...
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Tài liệu Đề tài " Elliptic units for real quadratic fields " ppt
... UNITS FOR REAL QUADRATIC FIELDS since Fk is evidently an eigenform for Tp with eigenvalue + pk−1 Thus (113) becomes X s h(x, y) dν{r → s}(x, y) = Re (1 − pk−2 ) h(z, 1)Fk (z) dz r Therefore, ... (4.1)] for a statement of Meyer’s formula in the case where D is fundamental; the general case can be derived from equation (18) in §5 of [CS] for example.) It follows that Proposition 3.2 holds for ... so a fortiori (78) BS(α, τ ) annihilates (1 + c∞ )M 329 ELLIPTIC UNITS FOR REAL QUADRATIC FIELDS Since the module M has odd order, it decomposes as a direct sum of simultaneous eigenspaces for...
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Tài liệu ORGANIZING FOR CHANGE PROFESSION Integrating architectural thinking in other fields doc
... AEC for their great support: Gregor Traugott for maintaining each year’s website; Siglinde Lang for her support in press and communications agendas; Karl Schmidinger and Magnus Hofmüller for ... “Organizing for Change” conference constituted an effort to come to terms with this wideranging transformation After all, at this point, particularly acute powers of comprehension are hardly called for ... This is vital information for projecting future CO levels By best estimates today, the outflow of CO2, which has declined due to deforestation, is about one-half the emissions Therefore, emissions...
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Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "Generalized Expectation Criteria for Semi-Supervised Learning of Conditional Random Fields" pdf
... their associated majority label Features for each label were chosen by the method described in HK06 – top frequency for that label and not higher frequency for any other label HK06 CRF + GE/Heuristic ... that for GE training there are alternative inferencetime constraints that would improve performance, but we didn’t pursue this line of investigation as there are benefits to operating within a formal ... learning methods for fixed numbers of labeled tokens Training a GE model with only labeled features significantly outperforms traditional log-likelihood training with labeled instances for comparable...
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Đề tài " The Hopf condition for bilinear forms over arbitrary fields " potx
... Section 3.2) Therefore, in Theorem 4.9 both ρ and ε are zero This gives us the formulas in part (a) and (b) Part (c) is Proposition 4.6 THE HOPF CONDITION FOR BILINEAR FORMS 947 For us, the most ... multiplication by for ≤ i < n−1 , and is an isomorphism for n−1 < i ≤ n − If 2 n is odd, then it is the fold map Z ⊕ Z → Z for i = n−1 Once again, one can give explicit generators for CHi (Q2k ) For i = ... proof is by induction The result for Q0 is obvious, and the result for Q1 ∼ P1 is Property (D) = Except for the base cases in the previous paragraph, the argument for the odd and even cases is identical...
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COOPERATIVE STEWARDSHIP: Managing the Nation’s Multidisciplinary User Facilities for Research with Synchrotron Radiation, Neutrons, and High Magnetic Fields ppt
... U.S Air Force Its mission was to design, construct, and operate both superconducting and resistive electromagnets that generate high magnetic fields for research In 1973 responsibility for management ... 1999 Operating costs for CHESS provided by Donald Bilderback, CHESS, March 4, 1999; for SRC by James Taylor, SRC, March 29, 1999; for NHMFL by James Ferner, March 4, 1999; and for NIST CNR by J ... original plans for these experimental units There will also be a substantial increase in user need for dedicated smallangle x-ray scattering (SAXS) capabilities both for polymers and for the biophysics...
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Báo cáo khoa học: "Exploiting Web Redundancy for Answer Validation" pptx
... equivalent to estimating the truthfulness of the validation statement “The capital of the USA is Washington” Therefore, the answer validation task could be reformulated as a problem of statement reliability ... Likelihood Ratio (MLHR) is also used for word co-occurrence mining (Dunning, 1993) We decided to check MLHR for answer validation because it is supposed to outperform PMI in case of sparse data, ... said before, AltaVista was used as search engine A baseline for the answer validation experiment was defined by considering how often an answer occurs in the top 10 documents among those (1000 for...
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GUIDELINES FOR THE ISSUANCE AND MANAGEMENT OF EXTENDED VALIDATION CERTIFICATES doc
... performance programs; • validation Specialists qualify for each skill level required by the corresponding validation task before granting privilege to perform said task; • validation Specialists ... commitment to conform to CA/Browser Forum Guidelines for Extended Validation Certificates (See EV Certificate Guidelines Section (b) (3)) The Certificate Authority has published guidelines for revoking ... WebTrust for Certification Authorities Extended Validation Audit Criteria © 2007 Page 15 Appendix A – Sample examination/audit reports for WebTrust for Certification Authorities - Extended Validation...
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Introduction to WebTrust for Certification Authorities – WebTrust for Extended Validation Audit Criteria doc
... performance programs • Validation Specialists qualify for each skill level required by the corresponding validation task before granting privilege to perform said task • Validation Specialists ... – Draft 11 CA/BROWSER FORUM GUIDELINES FOR EXTENDED VALIDATION CERTIFICATES 18 GUIDELINES FOR Extended Validation Certificates Version 1.0, as adopted by the CA/Browser Forum on Notice ... commitment to conform with CA/Browser Forum Guidelines for Extended Validation Certificates ( See EV Certificate Guidelines Section (b) (3) ) The Certificate Authority has published guidelines for revoking...
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