... recursion over the model order To apply the matrix inversion lemma to the calculation of (103), we first define the matrix composed of vectors corresponding to the L k - first harmonics ofthe full ... to order estimation, investigating the performance ofthe estimators given the fundamental frequency The reason for this is simply that the high-resolution estimation capabilities ofthe proposed ... require the determination ofthe noise variance for each candidate model order The criterion in (85) reflects the tradeoff between the variance ofthe residual and the complexity ofthe model For example,...
... potential ofthe new method to lower mortalityfrom sepsis The predicted 2.6% (2.0 to 3.2%) absolute reduction ofmortality in the PCR-tested patients could be considered a relevant contribution to the ... to Equation when dividing the incurred cost bythe number of incremental survivors For calculating the number of incremental survivors, we developed the denominator of Equation With the investigated ... €) (Equation with inputs of Table 1) Correcting inadequate coverage of a Gram-positive pathogen by multiplex PCR contributed 38.2% to the reported cost-effectiveness; the contributions of accelerated...
... considered as the sum ofthe background concentration and the contribution from local emission sources We modelled the contribution of local emission sources to the PM10 and NO2 concentrations at the three ... background concentrations This was done using continuous hourly monitoring data from three monitoring stations in the study area The measured air pollution concentrations at these stations are considered ... three monitoring stations Subsequently, we subtracted the hourly modelled contributions fromthe hourly measured concentrations at the stations, thereby deriving an hourly estimate for the background...
... function together Among the ways to combine the unified feature function with the separated feature function, we choose the combination in which the separated feature function is used only when there ... example of an unified feature function, and equation (17) and (18) which are delivered by separating the condition of b in equation (16) show examples of separated feature functions for the contextual ... using DSBs In the training phase, the model transforms discourse structure (DS) information in the corpus into DSBs by comparing the DS informationof an utterance with that ofthe previous utterance...
... created from section 24 ofthe WSJ treebank for experimental selection ofthe variance parameter ofthe prior distribution This set consists of 120 sentences which received only full parses, out of ... maximize the conditional likelihood ofthe sets of parses given the corresponding strings in a discriminative estimation setting rameters which make the two expectations in the last equation equal, ... on a frequency cutoff on instantiations of properties for the parses in the labeled training set The result of this procedure is a reduction ofthe property vector to about half its size Furthermore,...
... evaluate theestimation procedures in each of these scenarios The definition ofthe scenarios relies onthe timescales at which confounding occurs and the strength ofthe concurvity between the pollutant ... are defined on a grid of knot locations spanning the range ofthe data The function itself, as well as its second derivative, is continuous onthe entire range ofthe data and the function is restricted ... temporal variations in air quality The principal determinants of variation in air pollution concentrations are day ofthe week changes in emissions (but the day ofthe week is controlled in these studies),...
... reason and freedom) The combination of intuition with a mathematically unified paradigm provides the foundation of a physical theory of mind The book is based on a number of conference presentations ... ends with a consideration ofthe future directions of research in the physical theory of mind HOW TO READ THIS BOOK The book is self-contained in that the concepts of philosophy and mathematics ... structures The basis of this search for the material structures of intellect, for the explanation of how the interactions of brain neurons could process theinformation and perform computations was...
... both the environmental and urban economics literature by examining whether house price impacts of environmental disamenities are affected bythe intervention of real estate agents The existence of ... addressing the impact of real estate agents onthe relationships between selling price of a house and the time it takes to sell it, the availability and quality ofinformationonthe house, as ... a linear function of distance fromthe landfill, ceteris paribus The market value ofthe property at various distances fromthe landfill is given bythe locus of tangencies ofthe buyers’ bid...
... evaluating the area integral invariant [13] of a particular point on a curve, the standard convolution algorithm has a quadratic computational complexity With the help ofthe convolution theorem and the ... Tang and G Medioni, “Robust estimationof curvature informationfrom noisy 3D data for shape description,” in Proceedings ofthe 17th IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV ’99), ... diagram ofthe radius selection algorithm using bootstrap method avoiding the convolution with polynomial complexity by instead using the one with constant complexity 2.6 Adaptive Window Selection The...
... light source position, given bythe intersection ofthe tangents to the circle at the critical points The dark portion ofthe figure shows the portion ofthe object beyond the critical boundary, ... shading informationfrom image contours In [22], a scheme which is based onthe concept of critical points in the image for extracting multiple illuminant directions fromthe image of a sphere of ... knowledge ofthe light source position they not consider the blur in the observations In all these methods, the researchers not consider the effect of blur while solving the problem of photometric...
... the probability ofthe AoA ofthe interfering signals at the BS is proportional to the area E(φ) ofthe polygon defined fromthe axis that connects the BSs ofthe desired and the interfering cell, ... sectorization ofthe cells onthe reverse link performance of a WCDMA cellular system are also investigated The first two sets of results presented are the pdfs and the cdfs ofthe AoA ofthe interfering ... evaluation ofthe proposed model are presented The accuracy ofthe proposed model and the circular-cell approximation is examined in detail The impact ofthe BS antenna radiation pattern and the...
... relation (13) leads to (19) (see Section 2) which allows for a “decoupled” estimationofthe coefficients dmq (see (10)) from data In the CE-BEM model the exponential basis functions are orthogonal ... operations, respectively δ(τ) is the Kronecker delta and IN is the N × N identity matrix The symbol ⊗ denotes the Kronecker product The superscript ∗ denotes the complex conjugation operation 1.1 ... at the University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa He was with the Long Range Research Division ofthe Exxon Production Research Company, Houston, Tex, from June 1982 to September 1989 He joined the...
... angle The accuracy ofthe DRT is determined by Θ (the number of angles), β (the number of beams per angle), and the accuracy ofthe interpolation method Note that the continuous form ofthe Radon ... each one of these feature sets, a special two-stage perceptron one-class-one-network (OCON) classification structure is implemented In the first stage, the classifier combines the decision results of ... to the other nonzero components before the decimated vector is shrunk or expanded Since the dimension ofthe feature vectors are high compared to the number of these additional components, the...
... image, (d) 12C-, (e) 13C-, (f) 13C-/12C- ratio image The images in (c,f) result fromthe pixel -by- pixel division ofthe 12C15N- image bythe 12C14N- image and ofthe 13C- image bythe 12C- image, ... escape? The ionization yield, in the negative secondary-ion emission mode, depends strongly on both the electron affinity ofthe elements or clusters under consideration and the concentration ofthe ... are the sputtering rate (the rate of removal ofthe target atom bythe primary ions), the ionization yield (the fraction of sputtered atoms that are ionized) and the local concentration of atoms...
... where wij is the element ij j=1, j=i ofthe coefficient matrix and hi is the element i ofthe right-hand side ofthe MME 46 F.S Schenkel et al The fully conditional posterior distributionof variance ... respectively The previous fully conditional posterior distributions from (3) to (5) were used in the Gibbs sampling scheme The starting values ofthe variances to obtain the first solution from MME were the ... populations would be of interest The objectives of this study were to examine the effects of non-random selection onthe parents (using phenotypic records or BLUP of breeding values) onthe sampling...
... generated under the finite locus model than under the mixed model Violation ofthe assumption of independent segregation ofthe major gene and other genes had a negative effect onthe power ofthe mixed ... dominance) ofthe other nine loci in the corresponding finite locus model The polygenic effect of progeny was generated from a normal distribution with mean equal to the average of polygenic effects of ... study the effect of violation ofthe two assumptions ofthe underlying model in segregation analysis, namely a skewed polygenic distribution and linkage between a major gene and polygenes, on the...
... each ofthe two males, containing their individual versions ofthe 117 isoforms We then created a third hybrid reference containing two copies ofthe 117 isoforms, one matching the haplotype of one ... The second RSEM plot fromthe left is a blown up version ofthe plot onthe far left so that the y-axis covers the same range as the MMSEQ plots onthe right Isoform-level application to the HapMap ... contrast in thedistributionof expression values between lanes ofthe same individual and lanes of different individuals (Additional file 6) The consistency of expression values for lanes of...
... contamination units of Platinum Taq DNA polymerase was substituted for the Superscript III RT/Platinum Taq mixture in the reaction A negative control reaction consisted of all the components of ... interests The authors declare that they have no competing interests Authors' contributions SSG conducted the experiments, analysed the data and participated in the preparation ofthe first draft ofthe ... higher concentrations (**) of all the measured cytokines compared to all other groups + indicates more concentrations than the control and the LPS group while * means more than the control rats...
... of our conclusions remain valid independent of any assumption regarding the site of degradation of surfactant The present results agree with the view that, in ARDS, only a fraction ofthe lung ... assumptions onthe relative role ofthe two degradation pathways need to be incorporated into the model Based onthe results of studies in which rabbits or mice received non-degradable analogues of ... patients who took part in the study and all the nurses for their precious contribution to the collection ofthe tracheal samples This study was funded by a grant from University of Padova, Italy and...