environmental applications of nanomaterials
principles of chemical separations with environmental applications
... A Terry, Principles of Chemical Separations with Environmental Applications Principles of Chemical Separations with Environmental Applications Richard D Noble University of Colorado, Boulder ... Separation of finely divided solids from liquids Separation of liquid–liquid dispersions Gaseous separation of isotopes Electrophoresis Separation of charged macromolecules Separation of mixtures of simple ... definition of separation processes and their environmental applications Following this, the approach to the organization of this text is to first discuss, in Chapter 2, the generic aspects of separations...
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the chemistry of nanomaterials. synthesis, properties and applications, 2004, p.761
... nanocomposites, the use of nanoparticles of TiO2 and other nanomaterials for environmental cleansing processes and of nano-porous solids for sorption, are examples of the applications of nanotechnology ... nanotubes, collections of these nanostructures in the form of arrays and superlattices are of vital interest to the science and technology of nanomaterials The structure and properties of nanomaterials ... (Eds.) The Chemistry of Nanomaterials Synthesis, Properties and Applications in Volumes Volume Prof Dr C N R Rao CSIR Centre of Excellence in Chemistry and Chemistry and Physics of Materials Unit...
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Novel methods (sonochemistry, microwave dielectric heating, sonoelectrochemistry and RAPET for the fabrication of nanomaterials and their applications
... RAPET of silanes is yielding the smallest reported SiC particles having the highest surface area The RAPET of empty Coca Cola bottles yields micron size carbon spheres with a tensile strength of...
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Applications of Environmental Chemistry: A Practical Guide for Environmental Professionals - Chpater 1 pps
... weight of Cr3+ is the mass that contains mole of charge Since each ion of Cr3+ contains units of charge, the moles of charge in a given amount of chromium are times the moles of ions Thus, mole of ... distinct spheres of interest for an environmental professional: the ever-changing constructed sphere of regulations and the comparatively stable sphere of the natural environment Much of the regulatory ... either as moles of impurity per liter of sample (mol/L), moles of impurity per kilogram of sample (mol/kg), or as equivalents of impurity per liter (eq/L) or kilogram (eq/kg) of sample Moles...
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Applications of Environmental Chemistry: A Practical Guide for Environmental Professionals - Chpater 2 docx
... processes are the tools of environmental protection The effectiveness of these processes depends on properties of the pollutant and its water and soil environment Important properties of pollutants can ... properties often can be estimated from the chemical structure of the pollutant Whenever possible, this book will offer “rules of thumb” for estimating pollutant properties IMPORTANT PROPERTIES OF WATER ... ATTRACTIONS The strength of dipole-dipole forces depends on the magnitude of the dipole moments The strength of ion-ion forces depends on the magnitude of the ionic charges The strength of dispersion forces...
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Applications of Environmental Chemistry: A Practical Guide for Environmental Professionals - Chpater 3 ppsx
... concentration of CaCO3 Multiplying factor of HCO3– as CaCO3 = Multiplying factor of CO32– as CaCO3 = eq wt of CaCO 50.0 = = 0.820 eq wt of HCO − 61.0 eq wt of CaCO 50.0 = = 1.667 eq wt of CO 2− 30.0 ... as follows: atomic wt of N 14 × conc of NH3 = × 10 mg/L = 8.23 mg/L NH3–N molecular wt of NH 17 atomic wt of N 14 × conc of NH3 = × 10 mg/L = 2.26 mg/L NO3–N molecular wt of NO 62 Copyright © ... weathering of carbonate minerals, biodegradation and burning of organic carbon, and burning of fossil fuels SOLUBILITY OF CO2 IN WATER Carbon dioxide plays a fundamental role in determining the pH of...
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Applications of Environmental Chemistry: A Practical Guide for Environmental Professionals - Chpater 5 ppsx
... become part of a branch of environmental investigations known as environmental forensics One of the most common applications of environmental forensics is identifying the sources of fuel contamination ... * The mole fraction of compound a in a mixture of several compounds is written Xa Xa = moles of a total moles of all compounds For a mixture with mole of CCl4 and moles of CHCl3, XCCl4 = 1/4 ... presence of DNAPL near the sampling location • If Cw(a) < Seff(a) there is a possible absence of DNAPL near the sampling location 5.9 CHEMICAL FINGERPRINTING Environmental professionals often need...
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Applications of Environmental Chemistry: A Practical Guide for Environmental Professionals - Chpater 6 pptx
... mineral soil contributes a CEC of around meq/100 g of soil, which is about times the CEC of an equal weight of clay.* Rule of Thumb A rough estimate of the CEC of a soil can be made as follows: ... ratio is 213/28 = 7.6 g Cl2 per gram of N (as ammonia) One mole of NH3 contains 14 g of N and g of H Thus, 50 mg/L of NH3 contains 14/17 × 50 mg/L = 41.2 mg/L of N In 1,500,000 L there will be Copyright ... L/day of sewage that contains an average of 50 mg/L of NH3-N How many grams of Cl2(aq) must be present daily in the wastewater to remove all of the ammonia? Answer: By equation 6.8, moles of chlorine...
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Applications of Environmental Chemistry: A Practical Guide for Environmental Professionals - Chpater 7 (end) pdf
... deposits Erosion of natural deposits Increased risk of cancer Erosion of natural deposits Increased risk of cancer Decay product of radium Kidney effects, increased risk of cancer Erosion of natural ... TT9 Proposed as of 1999: TT3 Potential Health Effects from Ingestion of Water Increased risk of cancer Sources of Contaminant in Drinking Water Increased risk of cancer Decay of natural and manmade ... elevated dissolved levels Rule of Thumb The presence of an elevated concentration of Al3+, often exceeding the concentrations of Ca2+ and Mg2+, is a common characteristic of acidic waters (pH < 5),...
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Applications of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry: A Practical Guide - Chapter 1 docx
... Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Weiner, Eugene R Applications of environmental aquatic chemistry : a practical guide / Eugene R Weiner 2nd ed p cm Rev ed of: Applications of environmental ... Moles of NO3 in L of sample ¼ ¼ weight of NO3 in L of sample molecular weight of NO3 33 Â 10À3 g=L ¼ 0:53 Â 10À3 mol=L or 0:53 mmol=L 62:0 g=mol Each mole of NO3 contains mole of N and moles of ... WEIGHT OF AN ION What is the equivalent weight of Cr3þ? Answer: The equivalent weight of Cr3þ is the mass that contains mole of charge Since each ion of Cr3þ contains units of charge, the moles of...
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Applications of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry: A Practical Guide - Chapter 2 doc
... structure of the pollutant Whenever possible, this book will offer ‘‘rules of thumb’’ for estimating pollutant properties The ability to guesstimate the environmental behavior of a pollutant is often ... processes are the tools of environmental protection The effectiveness of these processes depends on properties of the pollutant and its water and soil environment It is often said that every remediation ... the strength of the attractive forces between molecules of the compound and molecules of water The soil–water partition coefficient of a compound indicates the relative strengths of its attraction...
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Applications of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry: A Practical Guide - Chapter 4 pptx
... respectively If the equilibrium of Equation 4.10 is completely to the right, mole (56 g) of Fe2þ will produce moles of Hþ (2 g) At the time of sampling, the concentration of dissolved Fe2þ (as Fe(H2 ... (4:14) Therefore, 0.72 mmol=L of Hþ will react with 0.72=2 ¼ 0.36 mmol=L of CO2À , and 0.36 mmol=L of CaCO3 is required as a source of the CO2À * From the definition of alkalinity, the change in ... TREATMENT OF TRACE METALS IN URBAN STORMWATER RUNOFF Stormwater runoff carries solid and dissolved forms of metals as well as other chemical pollutants, including soil sediments and various kinds of...
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Applications of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry: A Practical Guide - Chapter 5 pptx
... relation that allows a calculation of Koc in terms of Kow a Koc ¼ bKow (5:19) The usefulness of these relations is evident in the rules of thumb for Kow Knowing the value of Kow for a compound allows ... linear velocity of groundwater average linear velocity of contaminant (5:26) A retardation factor of 10 means that the contaminant moves at one-tenth of the average velocity of the groundwater ... behavior Consider the effect of reducing the particle size of a given mass of solid A cube that is 10 mm on a side has a surface area of 6.0 10À4 m2 Cut it in half in each of the three directions...
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Applications of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry: A Practical Guide - Chapter 7 ppt
... by the solubility of its pure phase Seff (a) ¼ Xa Spure (a) (7:2) * The mole fraction of compound a in a mixture of several compounds is written Xa Xa ¼ moles of a total moles of all compounds ... fraction of component a is Xa ¼ Seff (a) Spure (a) and the sum of mole fractions of all components of the mixture must equal unity, X i Xa ¼ X Seff (a) ¼1 Spure (a) i In the absence of any dilution, ... initial composition of a DNAPL mixture is not known, the sum of its mole fractions must equal unity Under conditions of DNAPL saturation, the sum of measured soil concentrations of the DNAPL components...
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Applications of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry: A Practical Guide - Chapter 9 pot
... a, g b Parent of decay chain of 238U; migration from point of generation In decay chain of 238U; migration from point of generation In decay chain of 235U; migration from point of generation ... of 238U; migration from point of generation In decay chain of 232Th; migration from point of generation In decay chain of 238U; migration from point of generation a, g b, g a In decay chain of ... Concentrations of radionuclides in the environment are typically expressed in terms of activity of the radionuclide per unit of volume of water (e.g., picocuries per liter, or pCi=L), per unit volume of...
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environmental, synthetic, and materials applications of molybdenum trioxide
... distribution of the oxide is determined by the control of the residence time and temperature.20 Properties and applications of molybdenum trioxide One of the most remarkable characteristics of molybdenum ... types of the elementary steps:21 • Isomerization of olefins through the formation of carbocations, • Abstraction of hydrogen resulting in the formation of an allylic group, • Abstraction of a ... MOLYBDATES The structure of the molybdates Synthesis of metal molybdates Applications of metal molybdates .10 PURPOSE AND SCOPE OF THE RESEARCH 13 REFERENCES...
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Surface modification of ferromagnetic nanoparticles for separation of toxic heavy metals and environmental applications
... MODIFICATION OF FERROMAGNETIC NANOPARTICLES FOR SEPARATION OF TOXIC HEAVY METALS AND ENVIRONMENTAL APPLICATIONS ZAYED BIN ZAKIR SHAWON B.Sc (Chemical Engineering) Bangladesh University of Engineering ... FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL & BIOMOLECULAR ENGINEERING NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF SINGAPORE 2013 Acknowledgements First and foremost, I would like to offer my sincerest ... characterization of magnetic nanoparticles 118 5.3 Adsorption of Pb2+, Cd2+ and Ni2+ ions 122 5.3.1 Effects of pH 122 5.3.2 Effects of ionic strength 124 5.3.3 Effects of temperature...
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Preparation of nanomaterials for catalytic applications
... PREPARATION OF NANOMATERIALS FOR CATALYTIC APPLICATIONS CHONG YUAN YI (B Sc (HONS), NUS) A THESIS SUBMITTED FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF SINGAPORE ... synthesis of nanomaterials; and (3) Nanocatalysis and factors influencing the catalytic properties of nanomaterials 1.1 Background of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology One of the earliest nanomaterials ... decomposition of Re2(CO)10 in the presence of PPh3 The formation of the graphite shells is driven by photo- ix induced catalytic graphitization of the phenyl groups of PPh3 on the surface of Re nanoparticles...
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Applications of the DFT
... resulting in various patterns of tails Chapter 9- Applications of the DFT 177 This leads us to the flat-top window, shown in Fig 9-5d In some applications the amplitude of a spectral peak must be ... width of the peak) and spectral leakage (the amplitude of the tails) To explore the theoretical aspects of this in more detail, imagine an infinitely long discrete sine wave at a frequency of 0.1 ... peak and adding tails composed of numerous side lobes This is an unavoidable result of using only a portion of the original time domain signal Here we can see the tradeoff between the three windows...
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Multi-Carrier Digital Communications - Theory and Applications of OFDM
... Theory and Applications of OFDM Ahmad R S Bahai and Burton R Saltzberg Principles of Digital Transmission: With Wireless Applications Sergio Benedetto and Ezio Biglieri Simulation of Communication ... concise summary of the present state of the art of the theory and practice of OFDM technology The authors believe that the time is ripe for such a treatment Particularly based on one of the author's ... on the received block of signal samples This form of OFDM is often referred to as Discrete Multi-Tone (DMT) The spectrum of the signal on the line is identical to that of N separate QAM signals,...
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Tìm thêm: xác định các mục tiêu của chương trình xác định các nguyên tắc biên soạn khảo sát các chuẩn giảng dạy tiếng nhật từ góc độ lí thuyết và thực tiễn khảo sát chương trình đào tạo gắn với các giáo trình cụ thể xác định thời lượng học về mặt lí thuyết và thực tế tiến hành xây dựng chương trình đào tạo dành cho đối tượng không chuyên ngữ tại việt nam điều tra với đối tượng sinh viên học tiếng nhật không chuyên ngữ1 khảo sát thực tế giảng dạy tiếng nhật không chuyên ngữ tại việt nam khảo sát các chương trình đào tạo theo những bộ giáo trình tiêu biểu nội dung cụ thể cho từng kĩ năng ở từng cấp độ xác định mức độ đáp ứng về văn hoá và chuyên môn trong ct phát huy những thành tựu công nghệ mới nhất được áp dụng vào công tác dạy và học ngoại ngữ mở máy động cơ lồng sóc các đặc tính của động cơ điện không đồng bộ đặc tuyến hiệu suất h fi p2 đặc tuyến tốc độ rôto n fi p2 động cơ điện không đồng bộ một pha sự cần thiết phải đầu tư xây dựng nhà máy thông tin liên lạc và các dịch vụ chỉ tiêu chất lượng theo chất lượng phẩm chất sản phẩm khô từ gạo của bộ y tế năm 2008