... 20-day-oldCaco2 cells were washed with serum-free DMEM/F12 andincubated with or without 10)7MSThinDMEM/F12for9 h. Monolayers were then washed and re-stimulated with fresh STh (10)7M) in the ... as has beenreported earlier [31,35,36]. No fluorescence was observed with cells incubated with GC-C:4D7 antibody preadsorbed with the fusion protein comprising the kinase-like domain ofGC-C and ... cells fed with serum-containing mediumwithout ST. At various times after renewal of the medium,cells were harvested and membranes subjected to Westernblot analysis and stimulation with ST peptide....
... con-struction of meaning. Goodman (1987) defined L1 reading traditionally as meaning construction.” Morti-mer and Scott (2003) described the meaning- making process (interchangeable with meaning construction ... and verbalprotocols, this study pursued two goals, namely examining English language learners’ meaning- making processes as they engage in reading activities and how theyconstruct meaning within ... studentswere reading stories. Verbal protocols include think aloud (verbalized concurrently),introspection (verbalized with explanations of the readers’ thoughts) and retrospection(verbalized immediately...
... and verbalprotocols, this study pursued two goals, namely examining English language learners’ meaning- making processes as they engage in reading activities and how theyconstruct meaning within ... con-struction of meaning. Goodman (1987) defined L1 reading traditionally as meaning construction.” Morti-mer and Scott (2003) described the meaning- making process (interchangeable with meaning construction ... studentswere reading stories. Verbal protocols include think aloud (verbalized concurrently),introspection (verbalized with explanations of the readers’ thoughts) and retrospection(verbalized immediately...
... systems with post-present reference 529Chapter 11. Tense choice determined by temporal focus 571Chapter 12. Preterite vs present perfect in clauses with temporaladverbials 589Chapter 13. Adverbial ... Williams. The Grammar ofthe EnglishVerb PhraseVolume 1:The Grammar ofthe English Tense SystemA Comprehensive AnalysisbyRenaat Declerckin collaboration with Susan Reed and Bert CappelleMouton ... comprehensiveanalysis / by Renaat Declerck in cooperation with Susan Reedand Bert Cappelle.p. cm. − (The grammar of the Englishverb phrase ; v. 1)(Topics in English linguistics ; 60.1)Includes bibliographical...
... For some linguists, ‘strong verb and ‘irregular verb do not cover the same concept, nordo the terms ‘weak verb and ‘regular verb . For these linguists, past tense forms likeset, spent, put, ... case the verb is a ‘copula’ or ‘linking verb (see immediately below).1.13.2 The term ‘transitive verb does not cover one-complement verbs likebe, seem, become, etc. which are linking verbs or ... the af-ternoon.The four verbforms in (1) are absolute tense forms: they relate the time ofJohn’s being thirsty directly to the time of speech. In (2), the same verb forms relate the time of...
... duration adverbials1.46.1 A formal test to distinguish between bounded and nonbounded clausesis the addition of a particular type of duration adverbial. Anoninclusiveduration adverbial(answering ... collocating with a(non)inclusive adverbial is usually considered to be a test for (a)telicity ratherthan (non)boundedness: it is claimed that telic VPs and atelic VPs are onlycompatible with inclusive ... speaking for hours. (nonbounded ϩ noninclusive duration adverbial)#John was speaking in an hour. (nonbounded ϩ inclusive duration adverbial) (Notethat in an hour should be read as measuring...
... one associated with the lexical verb Ϫ is actually referred to.Such verbforms establish a future domain but are not future tense forms. We call themfuturish forms. ‘Be going to ϩ verb may be ... le laitier [‘It will be the milkman’].2.9 Future tense forms vs ‘futurish’ tense forms Some forms in English have dual time reference: forms such as be about to, or thepresent progressive in ... accords with the following observations. First, in Standard English, the future perfect is nearly always formed with shall and will, veryseldom with be going to (as future tense form) and never with...
... associ-ated with the lexical verb Ϫ is actually referred to. Such verbforms establisha future domain but are not future tense forms. We call them futurish forms. ‘Be going to ϩ verb is a future ... Ϫ simultaneous with speech-time, in accordance with the meaning ofthe present tense (viz. ‘The situation time is T-simultaneous with the zero-point’).2.56 Types of temporal adverbials2.56.1 ... to do with aspect, not tense. However, there are progressive verbforms when progressiveaspect combines with a tensed form.2.52.3 Another debate about the number of tenses that exist in English...
... tense 203tion, a place adverbial may sometimes give only a very general idea of whenthe situation actualized. All that is required is that the situation can be located with sufficient precision ... that the speaker wishes to communicate by usingthe adverbial.)(b) There may be other constituents in the clause that are pragmatically linked with a particular past time.[“I haven’t got any cash ... first is if there is a ‘continuative’ meaning (see 5.4.1)to be expressed, as in Why have you been living in such a small house? Thesecond is when the meaning to be expressed is that of an ‘indefinite...
... car without showing courtesy…9. Drop litter or spit… 10. Eat or drink while… 11. Eat with your… 12. Forget to say… 13. Greet someone without… 14. Hold hands or show gentle affection with ... restaurant.…fingers.…speaking with people you don't know very well.…invited to an informal party.…on their clothes or possessions. with your shoes on. with someone during a discussion.…to ... alliance with other countries to defeat Hitler and the Nazis in the SecondWorld War of 1939 – 1945. Exercise 1: Complete these sentences with an appropriate abbreviation from the box. Themeanings...