... report on the useof Factored Translation Models for English- to- Arabic translation. 1 IntroductionArabic has a complex morphology compared to English. Words are inflected for gender, number,and ... sourcebenefits the performance of Arabic -to -English SMT.The use of similar techniques for English- to- ArabicSMT requires recombination of the target side intovalid surface forms, which is not ... (Koehn and Hoang,20 07) for English- to- Arabic translation. 2 Previous WorkThe only previous work on English- to- Arabic SMTthat we are aware of is by Sarikaya and Deng (20 07) .It uses shallow...
... made fall on language (accounting for 97% ) and presentation (accounting for 74 %), which means that their foreign language competence is not strong enough to perform their writing task. However, ... look for a job in business or manufacturing enterprises and use their Englishfor office work. That is why they are supposed to learn a variety of ESP subjects such as: Englishfor Education, English ... proficiency of English competence of the students.As English teachers of ESP, we may find it hard to determine what points to focus on when asked to navigate students for their big steps into the real...
... it difficult both for your audience to read and for you to present each point. Too many words look too complicated. In short, your audience will spend too much time trying to read this paragraph ... presentation. For example:26 - Tone:Tone refers to the highness or lowness of your voice and may be one of the most important aspects of the voice to control. Tone which is too high can be ... irritating to listeners, yet many speakers tend to raise their natural tone a little in a formal speaking situation out of nervousness. If this happens to you, you may need someone to listen to you...
... http://www.ryanhache.com/how -to- attract-new-customers-on-facebook.htmlHow to Attract New Customers on Facebook for Free Today i’m excited t o share with you what i’ve learned about attracting andengaging new customers ... Page St arting Today4. Why you need to be showing in the “t op news” sect ion and how to get t hereconsistent ly.“the free way to attract new customers on facebook!” – Click to TweetStep 1 ... inserts, whatever is fitting for our business. Make sure to refer to your offer, you want to keep leading with your irresistible offer to give them a reason to go to your fan page.4. Add your...
... Feldweg, 19 97. “Accessing For- eign Languages with COMPASS”,Machine Translation , 12:1-2, 153- 174 .Kay, M., M. Gawron and P. Norvig, 1994.Verb-mobil : A Translation System for Face -to- Face Dialog, ... chain,it is relatively easy for the system to identify theverb-object collocation break-record.5 ConclusionDemand for terminological tools for readers ofmaterial in a foreign language, either ... transitive verb battre, as indicated in the baseform field of the user interface. This lexeme iscommonly translated into English as to beat, to bang, to rattle, etc However, the collocationfield...
... successfully applied to German -to- English and Chinese -to -English SMT (Collins etal., 2005; Wang et al., 20 07) .In this paper, we propose the use of a similarapproach for English- to- Arabic SMT. Unlike ... reading. These factors adversely affectthe performance of Arabic -to -English SMT, espe-cially in the English- to- Arabic direction.Simple pattern matching is not enough to per-form morphological ... reported for German -to -English andChinese -to -English translation. Both suggest thatreordering as a preprocessing step results in bet-ter alignment, and reduces the reliance on the dis-tortion...
... Changes 75 Funding Non-Programming Activities 75 Quality Assurance (i.e., Professional Testing) 76 Legal Advice and Protection 77 Documentation and Usability 77 Providing Hosting/Bandwidth 78 Marketing ... for routing and labeling data appropriately; for minimizing repetitions so as to avoid spurious divergences; for storing and retrieving data; for correcting bad or obsolete information;and for ... contributes to the well-being of the overall, worldwide body of free software. It would be tempting to say that freesoftware projects fail for the same sorts of reasons proprietary software projects...
... to see how effectivewe are in getting just the morphosyntax right. It1-gr. 2-gr. 3-gr. 4-gr.BLEU 21.96 55 .73 27. 86 16.61 10.68BLEU-R 27. 63 68.60 35.49 21.08 13. 47 BLEU-M 27. 93 67. 41 37. 27 ... 21.55 14. 07 BLEU-M 28.68 67. 50 37. 59 22.02 14.224-gram root LM 1-gr. 2-gr. 3-gr. 4-gr.BLEU 22.80 55.85 28.39 17. 34 11.54BLEU-R 28.48 68.68 35. 97 21 .79 14.35BLEU-M 28.82 67. 49 37. 63 22. 17 14.40Table ... eliminate certain English function words astokens in the text and fold them into complex syn-tactic tags. That is, no transformations reorderthe English SVO order to Turkish SOV, 17 for in-stance,...
... useGive learners a reason for listeningGive learners a reason for listeningUse listening for pleasure tooUse listening for pleasure tooShow learners they don’t have to understand every wordShow ... meaningHelp learners to be aware of registerHelp learners to be aware of registerLook at word formationLook at word formationUse direct translation carefullyUse direct translation carefullyTeach ... need to listen tooTeach learners the strategies needed to control they input they getTeach learners the strategies needed to control they input they getConsider setting listening tasks for...