... students should prepare well
for class. Preparing forclass helps develop self-discipline. Self-discipline
is valuable. It promotes focus and organization. Preparing forclass teaches
responsibility. ... things for which we stand in line are not too important,
and it suggests that there are better uses for the time wasted standing in
line.
Choice 4, building on a hint in S7, stresses the human ... Responsibility means fulfillment of obligation, and that is
part of being a good student. Preparing forclass boosts learning. It rein-
forces what is being taught in the classroom. Ms. O’Reilly says that...
... strong forehand, and he or she
must have a dependable backhand.
2. The forty-first president of the United States, George H. Bush, is the father of the
forty-third president, George W. Bush, and ... checked the bus schedule for the time of departure from Orlando and when the
bus arrives at Tampa.
b. I checked the bus schedule for the time of departure from Orlando and time of
arrival at Tampa.
2. ... with potato chips, and an
apple for lunch.
b. For lunch, I ordered a cheese sandwich, a bag of potato chips, and an apple.
5. a. Liv had accepted Joel’s invitation to the dance, and she changed...
... 164
Problems with Nouns 171
Plurals of Nouns 171
Possessives of Nouns 172
Problems with Verbs 175
Using the Correct Tense 175
Principal Parts of Verbs 177
Agreement of Subject and Verb 181
Troublesome ... =
Contractions are entirely natural and correct in informal English (friendly notes,
everyday conversation). However, they are not ordinarily used in formal English (business
letters, letters ... neighbor.
Plural Nouns
Nouns have a singular form and a plural form.
The singular is the form that means only one:
boy, girl, soda, hamburger, etc.
The plural is the form that means more than one:
boys,...
... MODIFIED
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
90 PARTS OF SPEECH
Lesson
13
Review of
Adjectives
and Adverbs
REVIEW OF ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS 89
Read the following ... gently
toward his chin. Curious, Gulliver bent his eyes downward and saw that it
was a six-inch human, armed with bow and arrow, and followed by about
forty similar creatures. So loud did Gulliver roar in ... SPEECH
Forming Adverbs from Adjectives
I. Most adverbs are formed by adding ly to an adjective.
ADJECTIVE ADVERB
skillful + ly = skillfully
brave + ly = bravely
In some cases, however, as in II and...
... was Ellen’s, and the handwriting was ______________, too.
EXERCISE 2.
Find the pronoun (
PRON
.) and its antecedent (
ANTECED
.), and write
them in the spaces at the right.
Samples:
Sandra said ... a
scholarship.
PRONOUNS AND ANTECEDENTS 57
Composition Hint
Make your writing more interesting and effective by removing unnecessary
words. Note how compound subjects, compound indirect objects, and compound ... audience.
S.
D.O.
2. Have some yogurt and fruit. V.
S.
D.O.
3. Are the snow and ice melting? V.
S.
D.O.
4. The World Wide Web and television V.
provide information and entertainment.
S.
D.O.
5. Jonathan...
... is predicted.
Did Terry and Mallika agree with you?
1. Vermont and New Hampshire are next to
each other.
Terry and Mallika
Rain or snow
Here are the singular and plural forms of a few more nouns.
SINGULAR ... neighbor.
Plural Nouns
Nouns have a singular form and a plural form.
The singular is the form that means only one:
boy, girl, soda, hamburger, etc.
The plural is the form that means more than one:
boys, ... single rule for forming the
plural of nouns; there are several. If you memorize the rules and do the exercises carefully,
you will be well on your way to spelling plurals correctly.
Rule 1. For most...
... connects the
and .
1. We were warm and comfortable.
The conjunction connects the
and .
2. The meal was delicious but cheap.
The conjunction connects the
and .
3. Jim called at noon and in the ... win and lose.)
4. A conjunction connects pronouns, or a noun and a pronoun:
You and she are always on time.
PRON. CONJ. PRON.
(The conjunction and connects the pronouns You and she.)
Alex and ... try again.
performancefor
PREPOSITIONS 99
Composition Hint
Sometimes we can express an idea through either an adverb or a prepositional
phrase.
Handle the glassware carefully.
ADV.
Handle the glassware...
... for three months now.
6. The cast and crew are plan_____ng a post-performance party.
7. Martina was a good piano player, but Patrice excel_____d on the violin.
8. The next meet_____g of the class ... rings: return of the king
3. englishand history 8. grandma and aunt louise
4. the planet saturn 9. in the southwest near phoenix
5. fourth of july holiday 10. fire island national seashore
218 ... city.
7. the department of agriculture oversees our national forests.
8. i saw venus and jupiter in the sky at twilight on labor day.
9. the first two books of the old testament are genesis and...
... (have) written
Forms of have and of be and do are often used as helping verbs: has left, were chosen,
do agree.
PROBLEMS WITH VERBS 179
Recall from Lesson 4 in Part One (pages 27 37) that there ... the cafeteria and sat down next to Page.
176 COMMON USAGE ERRORS
8. Alex walked confidently to the front of the room and speaks to the class.
9. My sister handed the clarinet to me and then cringes ... thinks for a moment and then explained his point of view.
11. The 72 7 departed from O’Hare International Airport and then heads toward Atlanta.
12. The players slip up behind the winning coach and...
... pronouns are paired. Your choice in a sentence would be between I and
me, for example. I is the form used for the subject and me for the object.
I watched the Bears game Monday night.
(I is the ... Mollie and me (not I). Mollie and me form a
compound indirect OBJECT.
Go with Maura and him (not he) to the flea market.
Say:
Go with Maura.
Go with him.
Go with Maura and him (not he). Maura and ... pen pal in Bosnia wrote a long letter to Karin and (I, me).
19. We saw Marisol and (he, him) in the stands at the baseball game.
20. (Him and I, He and I) went on a rafting trip on the Nantahala...
... she had broken.
7. Are you buying new clothes?
8. He used his computer to make party invitations.
9. When buses are delayed, students are usually late
for school.
10. Disneyland and Hollywood are ... of gems.
7. When a duck and her five ducklings waddled across the street.
8. Four runners standing in the starting line.
168 COMMON USAGE ERRORS
6. An electric guitar in one corner and an amplifier ... other.
7. Carried the soccer equipment from the car to the garage.
8. The football team lining up for the kickoff.
9. Reaching first-period class as the bell rang.
10. The lead singer with the band...