... transmit power, and the circuit power which is independent of the transmit power. Zhang et al. [7] extended the energy efficiencyproblem to a bandwidth variable system and the bandwidth powerenergy ... total power can be divided into PC power, transmit antenna number related power ”Dyn-I” and ”Dyn-III” and transmit antenna number independent power ”Dyn-II” and static power. The first and third ... 11Therefore, the optimal bandwidth and transmit power are derived based on Theorems 1 and 2. That is to say, theoptimal bandwidth is chosen as W∗= Wmax and the optimal transmit power is derived according...
... part. EnergyEfficiency (bits/Joule) Energy Efficiency (bits/Joule)Distance(km) Energy Efficiency (bits/Joule)Distance(km)Distance(km) Energy Efficiency( speed:100km/h,BW:5MHz) Energy Efficiency( speed:50km/h,BW:5MHz) Energy ... total power can be divided into PC power, transmit antenna number related power ”Dyn-I” and ”Dyn-III” and transmit antenna number independent power ”Dyn-II” and static power. The first and third ... Efficiency( Bits/Joule) Energy Efficiency( distance:1km,BW:5MHz,(6,2,3))speed(km/h)speed(km/h) Energy Efficiency( Bits/Joule)Bits Per−Joule(Bits/Joule) Energy Efficiency( distance:1km,BW:5MHz,(6,2,2)) Energy Efficiency( distance:1km,BW:5MHz)0...
... Improving EnergyEfficiencythrough Bandwidth, Power, and Adaptive Modulation. IEEE Proceeding of 2010 VehicularTechnology Conference Fall8. S Cui, AJ Goldsmith, A Bahai, Energy- efficiency of MIMO and ... optimal mode Energy Efficiency( distance:1km,BW:5MHz) Energy Efficiency( Bits/Joule)speed(km/h)speed(km/h)speed(km/h) Energy Efficiency( Bits/Joule)PeríJoule Bits(Mbps/Joule) Energy Efficiency( distance:1km,BW:5MHz,(6,2,3)) Energy ... romise the power amplifier (PA) power, which is proportional tothe transmit power, and the circuit power which is inde-pendent of the transmit power. Zhang et al. [7]extendedtheenergyefficiencyproblemtoabandwidthvariable...
... literatures, power allocation and link adaptation are the key tech-nologies to improve LEE through compromising capa-city, transmit power related power amplifier (PA) power, and circuit power. When ... efficiency, W is the bandwidth.Here, we assume that the active bandwidth W and antenna number J for each BS are fixed, so the dynamic and static power can be totally referred to a constant power ... 10700.511.522.5x 105Network EnergyEfficiency vs. Minimum CapacityNetwork Energy Efficiency Minimum Capacity IA−GTICICCIMC−JPFigure 9 Average network energyefficiency in a two-cell system.Xu...
... State Private Mean Standard deviation Mean Standard deviation Mean Standard deviation Mean Standard deviation Mean Standard deviation Mean Standard deviation Responsibility ... schools, although the standard deviation is noticeably less, and for variable V8 “Equality” the mean score given by students from state schools is greater and the standard deviation is lower. ... Administration and Management and ethical and social values Mercedes Ruiz-Lozano, Araceli de los Ríos-Berjillos, Pilar Tirado-Valencia, Salud Millán-Lara Professors, Business Management and Quantitative...
... yield and level of oleic and linoleic acid content of 6 hybrids grown at Duc Trong and Bao Loc in Autumn (A) 2004-5 and Winter-Spring (W-S) 2004-2005 Table 18. Oil content, oil yield and level ... in Mekong River Delta, and autumn 2005 in the Central highlands and in South Central Coast. 3. Location ã Central Highlands: Lam Dong province (Bao Loc town, Di Linh and Duc Trong districts). ... adaptability and profitability of sunflower in the Mekong River Delta and South Central Coast. * To ameliorate soil constraints of acidity and phosphorus by optimising applications of lime and modify...
... Energy Research at DOEWAS IT WORTH IT? Energy Efficiencyand Fossil Energy Research1978 to 2000Committee on Benefits of DOE R&D on EnergyEfficiencyand Fossil Energy Board on Energyand ... supporting commercialnuclear energy research, and increasing energyefficiency (DOE, 2000).The fossil energyandenergyefficiency programs eachhave a mission statement, and the individual R&D ... successes and failures of DOE’s research programwould be a very frustrating and puzzling enterprise. Energy Efficiencyand Fossil Energy Research at DOEThe two program areas energyefficiency and...
... Reduce space heating demand Anaerobic waste water treatment2 Membrane filtration wastewater Control and monitoring systems2 Combined heatandpower CHP combined with absorption ... Description 5 4. Energy Use 9 4.1 Energy Consumption and Expenditures 9 4.2 Energy Intensity 11 5. Options for EnergyEfficiency 13 6. Process-Specific Measures 19 6.1 Mashing and Lauter Tun ... costs and hence improve the productivity of an investment. iii EnergyEfficiency Improvement and Cost Saving Opportunities for Breweries An ENERGY STARđ Guide for Energy and...
... located. These systems include furnaces andheat pumps that push heated air through ducts (central forced air), and boilers that pump heated water through room radiators or pipes in baseboards, ... home’s energyefficiency will help it work better for you and for the environment. auditThe whole house energy audit The first step toward increasing your home’s energyefficiencyand comfort ... baseboards and wall unit heaters and keep them free of dust for more effective heat flow.2. Seal any holes or gaps around wires coming from the floor or wall. green home | energy audit 162. Water Heating...
... waste heat to fully cover warm water demand up to 75°CRegion 2: mashing and packaging processes with high energy demand at 65-85°CMaximal heat recovery: 3,848 kWMinimal heating demand: ... curves and the following procedure: 1) Ensure efficient process integration: demand side reduction and supply of heat demand by waste heat if possible (see 2.2) 2) Integrate low temperature energy ... optimized heat recovery and comparable production capacities in brewing and packaging can therefore potentially supply its thermal energy demand with own resources (excluding space heating). The energy...
... process heatand 15-25% as electrical power. The combinationof these two energy requirements qualifies paper production for the use of cogeneration (low pressure steam for process heatand high ... California.Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory is an equal opportunityemployer. LBNL-41843India’s Pulp and Paper Industry:Productivity andEnergy Efficiency Katja Schumacher* and Jayant ... reasons cogeneration, waste heatand chemical recovery boilers have not been adopted in most ofthese plants. Lack of power exchange contracts and grid access for the sale of excess power further...
... 2.12 Maximum tariis on heatenergy in St . Petersburg 97 Table 2.13 Energy consumption by source; export and import 108 Table 3.1 The system of financing energyefficiency activities ... USEFUL WEBSITES 241 ANNEX 2: LIST OF IF1 PROJECTSIENERGY EFFICIENCYAND ENVIRONMENTAL INVESTMENT FUNDS 242 Financing EnergyEfficiencyand Climate Change Mitigation poor^.^^ The Ministry ... of federal qpiicance', i.e., Moscow and St. Petersburg, one autonomous province and ten autonomous regions. Financing EnergyEfficiencyand Climate Change Mitigation 1.33 Economic...
... relaying, and (c) is for two-way relaying.Figure 3. Energy efficiency comparison with zero circuit power and symmetric bidirectional packet sizes. Energy efficiency comparison withzero circuit powerand ... hardware cir-cuit powers, and so on.We also showed the relationship between the energy efficiency and the spec-tral efficiency, i.e., the required amount of data normalized by bandwidth and time duration, ... Pcr, and Pciare,respectively, the circuit PCs in transmission, reception, and idle modes.The circuit PCs in Pct and Pcrconsist of two parts: the power consumed bybaseband processing and...