... NCI-H441, and human fetal lung explants H441 cells resemble bronchiolar epithelial Clara cells in phenotype and produce both SP-A and SP-B mRNA and protein [14] The hormonal regulation of SP-A and ... Health NIH-HL-50050 and DK-25295 References Snyder JM, George TN, Miakotina OL: Insulin and lung development In Contemporary Endocrinology: Endocrinology of the lung: Developmentand surfactant synthesis ... vehicle or insulin (2.5 µg/ml) for an additional 1, 4, and 24 hours The cells were then rinsed and trypsinized, and nuclei from control and treated cells were harvested The transcription elongation...
... investigate the sequence and severity of the events during the development of ARDS and to correlate this with clinical outcome, we measured soluble adhesion molecules of serum and BALF in a series ... and VCAM-1 expression is induced mainly by IL1b and TNF-α However, the levels of TNF-α and IL-1 were not predictive for the development of the syndrome BALF soluble adhesion molecules sICAM and ... sICAM-1, and sVCAM-1, and RIA kits for IL-1) and were used according to manufacturer's instructions All the measurements were done within months of the sample collection Intra-assay and interassay...
... to 0.156 and generally had fairly large standard deviations (ranging from 0.250 to 0.532) Table shows the results for the mean level and random effects main effects only models (models and 2) For ... for the mean level model and 38% for the random effects models, respectively) and both models resulting in two predictive errors greater than 0.10 In both mean and random effects models the predictions ... citation purposes) Health and Quality of Life Outcomes 2008, 6:65 http://www.hqlo.com/content/6/1/65 Table 4: Consistent Mean and Random effects model results Mean level – model Random effects – model...
... aged 55 to 70 and 71 to 85 years Stroke 1997, 28:729-735 Montgomery H, Persson LO and Ryden A: Importance and attainment of life values among disabled and non-disabled people Scand J Rehabil ... frequency matched by age and city district, was also recruited and interviewed Both groups (stroke and controls) were interviewed over the telephone on measures of disability and HRQL: SF-36 [4], ... purposes) Health and Quality of Life Outcomes 2003, and to estimate whether stroke survivors differed from persons without stroke when providing the weights Thirty subjects with stroke and 30 caregivers...
... facets and domain scores were examined and reported in terms of range, means, and standard deviation The existence of ceiling and floor effect were also tested Correlation between facet and domain ... i.e Yin and Yang Although Yin and Yang are opposite to each other, they are mutually dependent and mutually transformable Further, Yin and Yang are mutually restrictive and interactive, and in ... in heart and lung Fear gives rise to diseases of heart, kidney and liver Fright affects heart and liver In fact, worry, pensiveness, fright and fear usually appear at the same time and causing...
... other diseases, and highlights the impact of dry eye condition in patients in terms of utilities outcomes [55] The focus groups in the developmentand in the validation of the IDEEL included US and ... leisure and social impact, visual-aid impact, tiredness/sleep, appearance/aesthetics and general impacts; and treatment experiences and satisfaction in terms of inconvenience, effectiveness and frequency ... California, Indiana and Minnesota) and Canada (Toronto and Waterloo) with non-SS KCS (four groups) and SS (two groups) subjects Patients were recruited in hospital-based clinics and private practices...
... treatment in improving and sustaining patient-reported physical functioning and HRQOL Materials and methods Patients and study design The Adalimumab Trial Evaluating Long-Term Efficacy and Safety in AS ... ATLAS study; 208 were randomized to receive adalimumab and 107 to receive placebo Most patients were white (95.6%) and male (74.9%) The average age was 42.2 years, and mean disease duration was ... rheumatic disease that primarily affects the axial skeleton, peripheral joints, and entheses [1] Symptoms of AS include pain, joint stiffness, and the loss of spinal mobility These clinical symptoms and...
... medical costs and other factors, and instruments for measuring PROs are easier to administer and less expensive than physician-observed disease activity and process measures A composite disease- specific ... reduction; and d) a validation study to prove determination, reliability, validity, and responsiveness [14-16] The process therefore begins with the development of an outcome domain pool and ends ... infarction, lower extremity arterial disease, major neurological problems, diabetes, gastrointestinal disease, chronic respiratory disease, kidney disease, and poor vision The second part consisted...
... early development in the origins of disease, and its implications for disease prevention and treatment However, as we worked together discussing the available data and extending our understanding ... destiny: genes, environment and their interactions Mother and fetus 25 Fetal choices 59 Predictive adaptive responses and human disease 78 Obesity, diabetes and other diseases 103 The biology of ... life and, in particular, lead to a greater risk of diseases such as heart diseaseand diabetes The implications of this for both the developed and developing worlds are discussed in chapters and...
... adult life and leads to a tragic and irreversible decline into dementia, movement disorder and death.18 Each of these examples – trisomy 21, Huntington’s diseaseand cystic fibrosis – is a disease ... to attract a mate; and being thin, not smoking and being physically fit reduces the risk of heart diseaseand diabetes Some diseases are obviously environmentally determined and depend on a single ... this phenomenon, and indeed a reason for writing this book, is because understanding the processes of PARs leads to a greater understanding of the biology of health anddisease Many diseases have...
... Newborn foals Fig 2.4 Outcome of crosses between the large Shire horse and the tiny Shetland pony, reported by Walton and Hammond in 1938 A Shire mare crossed with a Shetland stallion produces ... way the adrenal gland makes steroid hormones so that it makes more androgens than cortisol) have altered psychosexual developmentand that this in turn reflects the elevated androgen levels they ... achieving optimal pregnancy outcome Both micronutrient supply such as the provision of folate and other vitamins, minerals such as iodine and zinc, and the amount of, and balance of, macronutrients...
... from Registrar General’s Statistical, Review of England and Wales and from M J Gardner et al Atlas of Mortality from Selected Diseases in England and Wales 1968–78 (1984), John Wiley, Chichester ... experience altered development in such a way that, on one hand, growth was affected and, on the other, the propensity to develop 88 Predictive adaptive responses and human diseasedisease in later ... heart disease Faced with this outcome after very large amounts of research, doctors and scientists have turned to an alternative view, namely that the origins of cardiovascular diseaseand Type...
... Predictive adaptive responses and human disease life that was reflected in birth size influenced cardiovascular and metabolic status after birth and thus linked fetal development to disease risk in adult ... of the developmental origins of disease, which started with Lucas’ view of programming in infants and almost simultaneously with Barker’s hypothesis of the fetal origins of adult disease, and which ... consider other diseases that might arise from such processes 5 Obesity, diabetes and other diseases The previous chapter focused on the early-life antecedents of hypertension and heart disease First,...
... primarily determines growth anddevelopment In all species, seeking food is a dominant activity But there is a close and obvious interaction between food consumption and energy expenditure The ... occur in both the female and male lineage, as the transmission is only via the gametes and this can equally apply to sperm and ova We have told the story of how records in Scandinavia link the nutrition ... physiological and/ or pathophysiological maternal constraint) had elevated blood pressure and insulin resistance, tended to get relatively fat in childhood and to have reduced muscle mass and, in middle...
... interested in human disease on one hand and evolutionary biologists and ecologists on the other hand Each has been reluctant to enter the field represented by the other By and large, modern evolutionary ... nature And the argument can continue back with diminishing effect to the great-grandmaternal and great-greatgrandmaternal environments and so on The ovary develops in the first half of gestation and ... diabetes, and in both India and Finland the pattern and timing of the adiposity rebound is partly determined prenatally The data from Finland show similar influences on the risks for coronary heart disease...
... Comparative and evolutionary biology ii The biology of the fetus, pregnancy and growth iii Genetics and developmental biology iv Clinical medicine v Developmental origins of health anddisease Within ... this early development, and we have now progressed to the point where we have some good candidates for such genes, especially those that can be imprinted, and that regulate the growth anddevelopment ... blood-lipid profile and clotting-factor levels, obesity and increased risk of atheroma, coronary heart diseaseand stroke Such diseases have a high prevalence in the developed world and are increasing...
... Kumaran, K et al Fetal growth and coronary heart disease in South India Lancet 348 (1996), 1269–73 Stevens, L M and Landis, S C Developmental interactions between sweat glands and the sympathetic neurons ... Childhood Environment, and Adult Disease, ed G R Bock and J Whelan (Chichester: John Wiley), pp 38–55 Lucas, A., Morley, R and Cole, T J Randomised trial of early diet in preterm babies and later intelligence ... (2000), 545–53 Osmond, C., Barker, D J P and Slattery, J M Risk of death from cardiovascular diseaseand chronic bronchitis determined by place of birth in England and Wales J Epidemiol Community Health...
... national programme on disease management of chronic diseases” carried out by ZonMw (Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development) and commissioned by the Dutch Ministry of Health, ... examining the number of missing and not applicable responses, and the mean and standard deviation of each item To verify the factor structure of the questionnaire and test for the existence of ... gathering JC, AN and AT were involved in acquisition of subjects and data JC, AN and MS performed statistical analysis and interpretation of data JC drafted the manuscript AN, MS and AT helped drafting...
... Research Vol No Desai and Cardoso Figure Growth factors in developmentanddisease Major roles of selected growth factors in embryonic and postnatal lung development (left) and their potential ... in developmentanddisease follows Growth factors in development Growth factors are involved in virtually all aspects of lung development During the initial stages of lung bud morphogenesis and ... Hogan BL: Bmp-4 and fgf10 play opposing roles during lung bud morphogenesis Development 2000, 127:2695-2704 Shalaby F, Rossant J, Yamaguchi TP: Failure of blood island formation and vasculogenesis...
... concentrations of L- and Dlactate in the rectal lumen and systemic circulation in septic patients and the possible relation to site of infection, severity of disease, andoutcome Materials and methods ... (a) and D-lactate (b) in non-surviving and surviving septic patients and healthy subjects and surviving septic patients and healthy subjects Dots represent values of individual patients, and ... [29] Conclusion Luminal concentrations of L- and D-lactate in the rectum are increased in septic patients and may relate to severity of diseaseandoutcome Further studies may indicate whether...