... xix1Introduction 151.1 What Is DigitalImage Processing? 151.2 The Origins of DigitalImageProcessing 171.3 Examples of Fields that Use DigitalImageProcessing 211.3.1 Gamma-Ray Imaging ... Used 341.4 Fundamental Steps in DigitalImageProcessing 391.5 Components of an ImageProcessing System 42Summary 44References and Further Reading 452 Digital Image Fundamentals 342.1 Elements ... Representing Digital Images 542.4.3 Spatial and Gray-Level Resolution 572.4.4 Aliasing and Moiré Patterns 622.4.5 Zooming and Shrinking Digital Images 64viiGONZFM-i-xxii. 5-10-2001 14:22 Page viiDigital...
... image processing is intimately tied to the development of the digital computer. In fact, digital images require so much storage and computational power that progressin the field of digitalimage ... overlap be-tween imageprocessing and image analysis is the area of recognition of indi-vidual regions or objects in an image. Thus, what we call in this book digital imageprocessing encompasses ... involve digital images, they are not con-sidered digitalimageprocessing results in the context of our definition becausecomputers were not involved in their creation.Thus, the history of digital...
... of a wireless digital communication system.69.4 MMSE Beamformer for Mobile CommunicationsIn this section, we discuss the implementation of the MMSE beamformer in the context of a digital wireless ... on Signal Processing, submitted Nov. 1995.[2] Barroso, V.A.N. and Moura, J.M.F.,l2andl1Beamformers: recursive implementation andperformance analysis,IEEE Trans. on Signal Processing, SP-42(6), ... V.A.M. & Moura, J.M.F. “Beamforming with Correlated Arrivals in Mobile Communications” Digital Signal Processing HandbookEd. Vijay K. Madisetti and Douglas B. WilliamsBoca Raton: CRC Press...
... signal processing in thebeamspace domain for low-angle radar tracking,IEEE Trans. Signal Processing, 39, 656–671,Mar. 1991.[27] Zoltowski, M.D. and Stavrinides, D., Sensor array signal processing ... Unitary ESPRIT,IEEE Trans. Signal Processing, 44, 316–328, Feb. 1996.[25] Zoltowski, M.D.,Kautz,G.M.andSilverstein,S.D.,Beamspaceroot-MUSIC,IEEETrans.Signal Processing, 41, 344–364, Jan. 1993.[26] ... ESPRIT,IEEETrans. Signal Processing, 40, 867–881, Apr. 1992.[23] Xu, G., Roy, R.H. and Kailath, T., Detection of number of sources via exploitation of centro-symmetry property,IEEE Trans. Signal Processing, 42,...
... S.U.,Array Signal Processing, Springer-Verlag, New York, 1989.[25] Porat, B. and Friedlander, B., Direction finding algorithms based on high-order statistics,IEEETrans. on Signal Processing, 39(9), ... Signal Processing, ASSP-33(2), 806–811,Aug. 1985.[32] Stoica, P. and Nehorai, A., MUSIC, maximum likelihood and Cramer-Rao bound: Furtherresults and comparisons,IEEE Trans. on Signal Processing, 38, ... Signal Processing, 40(7), 1758–1774, July 1992.[34] Viberg, M., Ottersten, B. and Kailath, T., Detection and estimation in sensor arrays usingweighted subspace fitting,IEEE Trans. on Signal Processing, 39(11),...
... identification experiment.c1999 by CRC Press LLCDouglas, S.C. “Introduction to Adaptive Filters” Digital Signal Processing HandbookEd. Vijay K. Madisetti and Douglas B. WilliamsBoca Raton: CRC Press ... consult journals such as the IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing as well as the proceedings of yearly conferences and workshops in the signal processing and relatedfields.References[1] Kuo, S. ... and Chen, C., Implementation of adaptive filters with the TMS320C25 or theTMS320C30, in Digital SignalProcessingApplicationswith theTMS320 Family,Papamichalis,P., Ed., Prentice-Hall, Englewood...
... useful in a wide variety of signal processing tasks such as signal detection, estimation, filtering,and classification, and in a wide variety of applications such as digital communications, automaticcontrol, ... fitting.c1999 by CRC Press LLCTugnait, J.K. “Validation, Testing, and Noise Modeling” Digital Signal Processing HandbookEd. Vijay K. Madisetti and Douglas B. WilliamsBoca Raton: CRC Press ... automaticcontrol, radar and sonar, and other engineering disciplines and sciences. A general representation ofa linear discrete-time stationary signal x(t) is given byx(t) =∞i=0h(i)(t...
... every image, and when the output of the ith microphone contributing to the beamdirected to the jth image is weighted by1dij,wheredijis the distance of the ith microphone from thejth image. ... thesemethods demand a lot of memory and processing power. RAP operates on only one row at a time,which makes it a useful sample-by-sample method in adaptive signal processing. Further, the matrixA ... method. A room (20 × 16 × 5 m in size) was simulated usingthe image model [10]. The source was located at (14,9.5,1.7)m. 5th order images were assumed andwall reflectivity was assumed to be α...
... Roberts, D.A., Image reconstruction from linograms: imple-mentation and evaluation,IEEE Trans. Med. Imag.,7, 239–246, 1988.[8] Lewitt, R.M., Alternatives to voxels for image representation ... posteriori image reconstruction with a normal prior,J. Visual Comm. Image Represent.,3, 316–324, 1992.[15] Herman, G.T., Odhner, D., Toennies, K.D., and Zenios, S.A., A parallelized algorithm for image reconstruction ... thenumerical observer approach [11, 16, 17], a task-specific FOM is computed for each image. Basedon the FOMs for all the images produced by two different techniques, we can calculate the statisticalsignificance...
... case of image processing, it has been shown, specificallyin the context of image compression, that the mean square error (mse) does not predict subjective image quality [25]. Many signal processing ... 1988.c1999 by CRC Press LLCFIGURE 25.4: (a) Original image. (b) Degraded image at 25 dB SNR. (c) Restored image usingKaczmarz iterations. (d) Restored image using the modified Kaczmarz algorithm in ... filter design. We distinguish between image restoration, which pertains to image re-covery based on a measured distorted version of the original image, and image reconstruction, whichrefers most...
... Applications of Signal Processing to Audio and Acoustics,1989.[17] Sinha,D.andTewfik,A.H.,Lowbitratetransparentaudiocompressionusingadaptedwavelets,IEEE Trans. Signal Processing, 41(12), 3463-3479,Dec. ... process of standardization is digital audio radio (DAR). Inthe U.S. this may have one of several realizations: a terrestrial broadcast in the existing FM band,with the digital audio available as ... ymarginisfrequencydependentandislargerforthelowerfrequenciesandsmallerforhigherfrequencies. Thesafetymarginchanges with the bit reservoir state.42.5 Bitstream FormatterPAC is a block processing algorithm; each block corresponds to 1024 input samples from eachchannel, regardless...
... windowsbecauseofitsnear-optimaltransitionbandslopeandgoodultimaterejectioncharacteristic. Ascalarc1999 by CRC Press LLCDavidson, G.A. Digital Audio Coding: Dolby AC-3” Digital Signal Processing HandbookEd. Vijay K. Madisetti and Douglas B. WilliamsBoca ... audiocompressionalgorithmsistomaximallyreducetheamountofdigitalinformation(bit-rate)requiredfor conveyance of an audio signal while rendering differences between the original and decodedsignals inaudible. Digital audio compressionisusefulwhereverthereisaneconomicbenefitrealizedbyreducingthebit-rate. ... quantizing a frequency domain representation of the audio signal. A block diagram of thisprocessis showninFig.41.2. Thefirststepintheencoding processistotransform therepresentationofaudiofromasequenceofPCMsignalsampleblocksintoasequenceoffrequencycoefficientblocks.Thisisdonein...
... realism of auditory ambience with a stable frontal sound image and a large listening area.Multichannel digital audio systems support p/q presentations with p front and q back channels,and also ... media—although the upcoming digital versatile disk (DVD) withits capacity of 4.7 GB relieves the pressure for extreme compression factors. In the field of digital storageon digital audio tape and ... K.andStoll,G., Currentandfuturestandardizationofhigh-quality digital audio coding in MPEG,Proc. IEEE ASSP Workshop on Applications of Signal Processing to Audio and Acoustics,New Paltz, NY, 1993.[29]...
... least for binaural vs. monaural presentation, is notperfect.c1999 by CRC Press LLCJenkins, W. K. “Auditory Psychophysics for Coding Applications” Digital Signal Processing HandbookEd. Vijay ... singlec1999 by CRC Press LLCHall, J.L. “Auditory Psychophysics for Coding Applications” Digital Signal Processing HandbookEd. Vijay K. Madisetti and Douglas B. WilliamsBoca Raton: CRC Press ... the same information, although for a particular applicationonewaymay be preferabletoanotherforpresentation purposes. Anothermeasurethatisoftenused,particularly in the design of perceptual coders,...