... 5)Perfect tenseand pluperfect tense (El [pret´erito] perfectoyelpluscuamperfecto /antecopret´erito [M])Level 11.1 Perfect tense (El [pret´erito] perfecto)1.1 Perfect tense Haber and the ... more helpful, and certainly more logical, to call the perfect tense thepast indefinite tense for one simple reason, and that is the meaning of indefi-nite. Although the perfect tense refers to ... padre52 5 Perfect tenseand pluperfect tense despu´es de que after al momento que as soon asen cuanto as soon as luego que as soon as and is formed with the preterit of haber and a past participle:Apenas...
... president and she is his cur- rent wife ã He is the current president and she was his wife in 1975 ã He was the president in 1975 and she was his wife then (but perhaps he is divorced and no ... for the interpretation of nontensed elements, as we will see below. 3. Temporal Interpretation of Nontensed Elements Not only tensed verbs, but also other nontensed elements in the sentence ... event time ceases to be passed down and may not be reinstated for interpretation. Note, however, that the verb time and the time with respect to which the nontensed elements are interpreted...
... ResultsFigures 1 and 2 show the Precision-Recall curvesof the error detection and correction performance ofeach model. The figures are grouped by error types: tense, aspect, and both tenseand aspect. ... 4.3), and α (0 ≤ α < 1) is the weight of the surface tense/ aspect.We first calculate c(y) of all the labels, and dis-count only the label that is the same as learner’s tense/ aspect, and finally ... RecallUse of surface tense/ aspect forms of target verbs im-proves precision but harms recall. This is becausein most cases the surface tense/ aspect and the cor-rect tense/ aspect form of a...
... distinctive tenses is5Moro and Otoro (Kordofanian), Bijogo, Kisi, and Fula (Atlantic), Bambara and Mende (Mande),Ijo (Ijoid), DonnO SO (Dogon), Kru, Senufo, Gur, Adamawa, Zande, and Gbaya (Ubangi), ... framework 101.4.1 Tenseand aspect form a system 111.4.2 Tenseand aspect systems are cognitively based, not directrepresentations of events in the real world 121.4.3 Tenseand aspect form an ... negatives 1945.2.9 ‘No longer’ and ‘not yet’ 1965.2.10 Compound negatives 200 14 Tenseand Aspect in Bantu1.4.6 Any given (single) verb form can only have one tense If tense is defined as the representation...
... +1,(2:1)then f is decreasing in x and z if and onl y if y > 1 and increasing in x and z if and only if y < 1. Similarly, f is decreasing in y if and only if x + z > 1, conversely, ... behavior of a nonlinear rational difference equation and generalization.Advances in Difference Equations 2011 2011:36.Submit your manuscript to a journal and benefi t from:7 Convenient online ... Advances in Difference Equations 2011, 2011:36http://www.advancesindifferenceequations.com/content/2011/1/36Page 7 of 8 RESEARCH Open AccessDynamic behavior of a nonlinear rationaldifference...
... for n ≥ 3andforn ≥ 2 in the case of entire f.Further, it was proved by Mu es [7] when n ≥ 2; Clunie [8] when n ≥ 1andf is entire;Bergweiler and Eremenko [9] verified the case when n =1andf is ... Let f and g be transcendental entire function s of finite order, and c be anon-zero complex constant. Suppose that and l, μ are constants, n, m are distinctpositive integers.If l ≠ 0 and n ... since g and f are of finite order.By Lemma 2.4 and (7.13), we havemT(r, h1(z + c))= nT(r, h1(z))+ S(r, h1),(7:14) and thenm = n,(7:15)Qi et al. Journal of Inequalities and...
... g2=1.9,g3=2.93forGaAs,andg1= 21.0, g2=8.3,g3=9.2forInAs. The band-offset is taken as Qc = 0.64 [20], and the strain-free InxGa1-xAs band gap at 80 and 300 K aretaken f rom Refs. [20] and [21], ... reflectance measure-ments, and thus obtained the ΔR/R spectra. Here R isthe r eflectivity of the sample and ΔR is the reflectivity difference between samples with and without QW layer.In order ... Here x’ and y’ ar e along the cleavageaxis [110] and [110] as shown in Figure 1. T ransformedto the principal axis [100] and [010], the nonzero straincomponents are xx, yy, zz and xy[4],...
... − 1,l and m − 1,m,wehaveψl∈π2,3π2,ψj∈π2,3π2,j l 1, ,m− 1,ψm∈3π2,5π2, 3.13that is, ψkskips π/2 between l −1andl and 3π/2 between m −1andm and stays ... ArticleGeneralized Zeros of 2 ì 2 Symplectic Difference System and of Its Reciprocal SystemOndˇrej Doˇsl´y1 and ˇS´arka Pechancov´a21Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Masaryk University, ... 2.1,bothphasesψ and of S areeither nondecreasing or nonincreasing. Moreover, if ω ω/ 0, bk/ 0andck/ 0, k ∈,thenby Theorem 2.6 and Corollary 3.3, Δψk/ 0and k/ 0fork...
... Equations and Inequalities. Theory, Methods, and Applications,Mono-graphs and Textbooks in Pure and Applied Mathematics, vol. 155, Marcel Dekker, NewYork, 1992.[2] R.D.Driver,G.Ladas,andP.N.Vlahos,Asymptotic ... un, unof (4.7)withφ = M and φ = δ, respectively, converge to some constants u and u as n →∞.Moreover,u and u satisfy the equation f(1)(u) = f(1)(u) = 0 and the relation δ ≤ u ≤ u ≤ ... (1.4), (1.5), and (1.6), un and vnrepresent the densities of the two popula-tion species at time nk(≡ n∆t), k is a small time increment, and for each l = 1,2,α(l),a(l),b(l),andc(l)are...
... HALF-LINEAR DIFFERENCE EQUATIONS AND RECESSIVE SOLUTIONSMARIELLA CECCHI, ZUZANA DOˇSL´A, AND MAURO MARINIReceived 30 January 2004 and in revised form 26 May 2004Recessive and dominant ... finite and different from zero, in view of Remark 3.7, also the limit limnnunis finite and different from zero for any recessive solution u of (4.9).5. Concluding remarksTheorems 4.2 and 4.3,andExample ... limnx[1]n=∞, (5.2)as follows from [13, Theorems 9 and 10] or [16, Theorems 3.4 and 3.5]. Hence i t seems tobe difficult to prove the limit characterization and the summation properties of recessivesolutions...
... Multistep Initial and BoundaryValue Methods, Stability and Control: Theory, Methods and Applications, vol. 6, Gordon and Breach, Amsterdam, 1998.[3] G. Dahlquist, Convergence and stability in ... ρk(z) and σk(z) be the polynomials defined in (2.11 )and ≥ 1 given by(2.18). Then,(1) ρk(z) and σk(z) arebothoftype(ν − 1,1,ν − 1),fork = 2ν − 1;(2) ρk(z) is of type (ν − 1,2,ν − 1) and ... numerical method ONE PARAMETER FAMILY OF LINEAR DIFFERENCE EQUATIONS AND THE STABILITY PROBLEM FORTHE NUMERICAL SOLUTION OF ODEsL. ACETO, R. PANDOLFI, AND D. TRIGIANTEReceived 21 July 2004; Accepted...